Home About us Products Services Contact us Bookmark
:: wikimiki.org ::
Louis Mucciolo

Louis Mucciolo

Louis Mucciolo (February 10, 1971 - February 15, 1998) was an American professional wrestler better known as Louie Spicolli. He performed in Mexico under the nickname Madonna's Boyfriend, and for the World Wrestling Federation, Extreme Championship Wrestling and World Championship Wrestling in the 1990s. He passed away as a result of asphyxiation following a drug overdose.

Career

At the age of seventeen, Louie Spicolli began training with "Big" Bill Anderson after he met Anderson at a wrestling show held at the Los Angeles Sports Arena. He debuted in 1988, working as a jobber for the World Wrestling Federation. He used the name Louie Spicolli as a reference to Jeff Spicoli, the character played by Sean Penn in Fast Times at Ridgemont High. In 1989 he travelled to Tijuana, Mexico with Tim "Leatherface" Patterson and his trainer, Bill Anderson, with whom he formed a stable known as Los Mercenarios Americanos ("The American Mercenaries"), a trio of masked heels who feuded with the Villano family. Spicolli was Mercenario III. The Mercernarios were forced to unmask in July 1991, and finally disbanded in 1992. Spicolli worked on the independent circuit, appearing with Herb Abrams' Universal Wrestling Federation as Cutie Pie. He then travelled to Arizona in 1991, where he won both the Interwest Wrestling Federation Heavyweight Championship and the American Wrestling Federation Heavyweight Championship (as The Zodiac). After a short stint in the WWF as The Body Snatcher in 1992, Spicolli returned to Mexico as The Killer Blonde, and made several appearances with the Japanese FMW promotion. In 1994 Spicolli appeared briefly with Smoky Mountain Wrestling, feuding with Chris Candido for the SMW Junior Heavyweight Title. He left shortly afterwards and joined Asistencia Asesoría y Administración as Madonna's Boyfriend, one of Los Gringos Locos along with Eddie Guerrero, Konnan and Art Barr. He wrestled in a six man tag team match at "When Worlds Collide", as of 2005 the only pay-per-view that AAA has held in North America, on November 6. This led to Spicolli being offered jobs by many promotions. In 1995, Spicolli returned to the World Wrestling Federation as Rad Radford, a fan of grunge music, and purportedly the boyfriend of Courtney Love. He feuded with the Bodydonnas, wanting to join (despite his comparatively poorly toned body) and was eventually admitted as a "Bodydonna-in-training". This lasted until Survivor Series 1995, when he was thrown out of the group because his physique was not good enough. On December 15, 1995, Spicolli was defeated by World Championship Wrestling performer Chris Benoit at The Showdown at the Corral, a tribute show held to commemorate Stu Hart's 80th birthday. In 1996 Spicolli was found unconscious by a neighbor after overdosing on Soma and suffering a seizure. He and was in intensive care for several days before making a recovery. The WWF, still mindful of the controversy that the steroid trials of several years before had brought, released him on condition that he would not work for the rival WCW promotion. Spicolli struggled with depression before joining Extreme Championship Wrestling in July 1996, where he sided with Raven and feuded with Tommy Dreamer. He left the company on bad terms after owner Paul Heyman discovered that he had been covertly negotiating with WCW and the WWF. Moreover, Spicolli's continued drug abuse was an embarrasment to the company. Spicolli signed with WCW in late 1997 and became the lackey of his friend, New World Order member Scott Hall, dubbing himself "The Real Innovator" in order to mock Tommy Dreamer. His first match was on the January 26, 1998 episode of Nitro against Juventud Guerrera. Spicolli later began commenating during matches, and impressed many with his wit, though he was admonished after making a joke concerning the Oklahoma City bombing after commentator Tony Schiavone refereed to a forthcoming "bombshell". Hall and Spicolli feuded with Larry Zbyszko, culminating in a match between Spicolli and Zbysko being booked for SuperBrawl 1998 on February 22. Spicolli had stopped taking drugs after renewed fears for his health, but the news that his mother was terminally ill with cancer led to a relapse. On February 15, 1998 Louie Spicolli passed away after overdosing on Soma and wine, choking on his own vomit in his sleep. He will be remembered as a talented and charismatic performer with a great deal of potential whose life was haunted by his inability to overcome his addiction.

Profile


- Height: 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)
- Weight: 258 lbs (117 kg)
- Birthday: February 10, 1971
- Date of Death: February 15, 1998
- Hometown: San Pedro, Los Angeles, California
- Resided: San Diego, California
- Trained by: Bill Anderson
- Professional debut: May 5, 1988

Previous identities


- Louie Spicolli
- Mercenario III
- Cutie Pie
- The Zodiac
- Body Snatcher
- Killer Blond
- Madonna's Boyfriend
- Rad Radford

Finishing and signature moves


- Spicolli Driver
- Spinebuster
- Gutwrench Suplex
- Northern Lights Suplex

Championships and accomplishments

World Wrestling Association


- 2-time WWA World Trios Champion (with Bill Anderson and Tim Patterson)

American Wrestling Federation


- 1-time AWF Heavyweight Champion

Interwest Wrestling Federation


- 1-time IWF Heavyweight Champion Mucciolo, Louis Mucciolo, Louis Mucciolo, Louis Mucciolo, Louis Mucciolo, Louis Mucciolo, Louis

February 10

February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 324 days remaining, 325 in leap years.

Events


- 1258 - Battle of Baghdad (1258) - Mongols overrun Baghdad, burning it to the ground and killing large numbers of citizens (estimates range from 10,000 to 800,000).
- 1542 - Queen Catherine Howard of England is confined in the Tower of London to be executed three days later for treason (adultery).
- 1635 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite.
- 1763 - French and Indian War: The 1763 Treaty of Paris ends the war and France cedes Canada to Great Britain.
- 1814 - Battle of Champaubert occurs.
- 1840 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom marries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
- 1846 - Many Mormons begin their migration west from Nauvoo, Illinois.
- 1863 - The world-famous dwarfs General Tom Thumb and Lavinia Warren get married in New York City.
- 1863 - Alanson Crane patents the fire extinguisher.
- 1870 - Anaheim, California is incorporated.
- 1870 - The YWCA is founded (New York City).
- 1920 - Jozef Haller de Hallenburg performs symbolic engagement of Poland with the sea, celebrating restitution of Polish access to open sea.
- 1931 - New Delhi becomes the capital of India.
- 1933 - The New York City-based Postal Telegraph Company introduces the first singing telegram.
- 1933 - In round 13 of a boxing match at New York City's Madison Square Garden, Primo Carnera knocks out Ernie Schaaf, killing him.
- 1947 - Italy cedes most of Venezia Giulia to Yugoslavia.
- 1949 - Death of a Salesman opens at the Morocco Theatre in New York City.
- 1954 - President Dwight Eisenhower warns against United States intervention in Vietnam.
- 1962 - Captured American spy pilot Francis Gary Powers is exchanged for captured Soviet spy Rudolf Abel.
- 1964 - The aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne collides with the HMAS Voyager off the south coast of New South Wales, Australia.
- 1967 - The 25th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified.
- 1981 - A fire at the Las Vegas Hilton hotel-casino kills eight and injures 198.
- 1982 - The German movie Das Boot opens in United States theaters.
- 1989 - Ron Brown is elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee becoming the first African American to lead a major American political party.
- 1990 - South African President F.W. de Klerk announces that Nelson Mandela would be released the next day.
- 1992 - In Indianapolis, Indiana, boxer Mike Tyson is convicted of raping a Miss Black America contestant named Desiree Washington.
- 1996 - The IBM supercomputer Deep Blue defeats Garry Kasparov for the first time.
- 1996 - The World Trade Centre in London is partially destroyed by an PIRA bomb.
- 1997 - The United States Army suspends Sgt. Major Gene C. McKinney, its top-ranking enlisted soldier, after hearing allegations of sexual misconduct.
- 1998 - A college dropout becomes the first person to be convicted of a hate crime committed in cyberspace.
- 1998 - Voters in Maine repeal a gay rights law passed in 1997 becoming the first U.S. state to abandon such a law.
- 1999 - Avalanches in the French Alps near Geneva kill at least 10.
- 2003 - Hockey star Brett Hull scores his 700th NHL goal.
- 2005 - North Korea and weapons of mass destruction: North Korea suspends participation in multi-nation talks to discuss its arms program and officially admits to developing nuclear weapons.

Births


- 1499 - Thomas Platter, Swiss humanist (d. 1582)
- 1524 - Albrecht Giese IV, German politician and diplomat (d. 1580)
- 1609 - Sir John Suckling, English poet (d. 1642)
- 1685 - Aaron Hill, English writer (d. 1750)
- 1846 - Charles Beresford, British admiral and politician (d. 1919)
- 1887 - John Franklin Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1985)
- 1890 - Boris Pasternak, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (declined) (d. 1960)
- 1892 - Alan Hale Sr., American actor (d. 1950)
- 1893 - Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer, and comedian (d. 1980)
- 1893 - Bill Tilden, American tennis player (d. 1953)
- 1894 - Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1986)
- 1897 - Dame Judith Anderson, Australian actress (d. 1992)
- 1897 - John F. Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1985)
- 1898 - Bertolt Brecht, German author (d. 1956)
- 1901 - Stella Adler, American actress (d. 1992)
- 1902 - Walter Houser Brattain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
- 1904 - John Farrow, American film director (d. 1963)
- 1906 - Lon Chaney Jr., American actor (d. 1973)
- 1906 - Erik Rhodes, American actor (d. 1990)
- 1910 - Georges Pire, Belgian monk, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1969)
- 1914 - Larry Adler, American musician (d. 2001)
- 1920 - Alex Comfort, physician and writer (d. 2000)
- 1927 - Leontyne Price, American soprano
- 1929 - Jerry Goldsmith, American composer (d. 2004)
- 1930 - Robert Wagner, American actor
- 1931 - Thomas Bernhard, Austrian author (d. 1989)
- 1932 - Branko Lustig, Croatian film producer
- 1934 - Fleur Adcock, New Zealand poet
- 1939 - Adrienne Clarkson, 26th Governor General of Canada
- 1939 - Roberta Flack, American singer
- 1941 - Michael Apted, British director
- 1944 - Peter Allen, Australian singer and actor (d. 1992)
- 1944 - Frank Keating, American politician
- 1944 - Vernor Vinge, American novelist
- 1947 - Louise Arbour, Canadian judge
- 1948 - Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican politician (d. 1994)
- 1949 - Maxime Le Forestier, French singer
- 1949 - Harold Sylvester, American actor
- 1950 - Mark Spitz, American swimmer
- 1951 - Roxanne Pulitzer, American model
- 1954 - Margaret Anne Davis, American - Credit Union Executive & Leader
- 1955 - Greg Norman, Australian golfer
- 1960 - Robert Addie, British actor (d. 2003)
- 1961 - Alexander Payne, American film director
- 1961 - George Stephanopoulos, American political consultant and commentator
- 1962 - Cliff Burton, American musician (d. 1986)
- 1962 - Bobby Czyz, American boxer
- 1963 - Lenny Dykstra, baseball player
- 1967 - Laura Dern, American actress
- 1968 - Atika Suri, Indonesian television newscaster
- 1969 - Tim Clark, golfer
- 1969 - Joe Mangrum, American artist
- 1971 - Lisa Marie Varon, American professional wrestler
- 1976 - Lance Berkman, baseball player
- 1979 - Daryl Palumbo, American musician
- 1979 - Ross Powers, American snowboarder
- 1980 - César Izturis, baseball player
- 1985 - Anette Sagen, Norwegian ski jumper
- 1991 - Emma Roberts, American actress
- 1994 - Makenzie Vega, American actres

Deaths


- 1126 - William IX, Duke of Aquitaine, poet (b. 1071)
- 1162 - King Baldwin III of Jerusalem (b. 1130)
- 1242 - Emperor Shijo of Japan (b. 1231)
- 1278 - Margaret II of Flanders (b. 1202)
- 1576 - Guilielmus Xylander, German classical scholar (b. 1532)
- 1686 - William Dugdale, English antiquarian (b. 1605)
- 1722 - Bartholomew Roberts, English pirate
- 1755 - Montesquieu, French writer (b. 1689)
- 1758 - Thomas Ripley, English architect
- 1782 - Friedrich Christoph Oetinger, German theologian (b. 1702)
- 1829 - Pope Leo XII (b. 1760)
- 1837 - Aleksandr Pushkin, Russian poet and novelist (b. 1799)
- 1865 - Heinrich Lenz, German physicist (b. 1804)
- 1904 - John A. Roche, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1844)
- 1912 - Joseph Lister, British surgeon (b. 1827)
- 1917 - John William Waterhouse, Italian-born artist (b. 1849)
- 1918 - Abdul Hamid II Ottoman Sultan (b. 1842)
- 1918 - Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Italian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1833)
- 1923 - Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
- 1932 - Edgar Wallace, English novelist and screenwriter (b. 1875)
- 1939 - Pope Pius XI (b. 1857)
- 1950 - Marcel Mauss, French sociologist (b. 1872)
- 1957 - Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (b. 1867)
- 1960 - Aloysius Stepinac, Croatian cardinal (b. 1898)
- 1964 - Eugen Sänger, Austrian aerospace engineer (b. 1905)
- 1966 - Billy Rose, American composer and band leader (b. 1899)
- 1985 - Johnny Mokan, baseball player (b. 1895)
- 1992 - Alex Haley, American author (b. 1921)
- 1993 - Fred Hollows, New Zealand ophthalmologist (b. 1929)
- 2000 - Jim Varney, American actor (b. 1949)
- 2001 - Abraham Beame, Mayor of New York City (b. 1906)
- 2002 - Harold Furth, Austrian-born physicist (b. 1939)
- 2003 - Edgar de Evia, American photographer (b. 1910)
- 2003 - Curt Hennig, American professional wrestler (b. 1958)
- 2003 - Clark MacGregor, U.S. Congressman (b. 1922)
- 2003 - Al Ruffo, Mayor of San Jose, California (b. 1908)
- 2003 - Ron Ziegler, American press secetary to Richard Nixon (b. 1939)
- 2005 - Arthur Miller, American playwright (b. 1915)

Holidays and observances


- Catholicism - St. Scholastica Day; World Marriage Day.
- Italy - National Memorial Day of the Exiles and Foibe to commemorate Italian Istrian and Dalmatian exiliee and Foiba massacres.

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/10 BBC: On This Day]
- [http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/20050210.html The New York Times: On This Day] ---- February 9 - February 11 - January 10 - March 10 -- listing of all days ko:2월 10일 ms:10 Februari ja:2月10日 simple:February 10 th:10 กุมภาพันธ์

1971

1971 (MCMLXXI) is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar).

Events

January


- January 1 - British Divorce Reform Act comes into force
- January 2 - 66 die in stairway crush at Rangers v Celtic football match, Glasgow, Scotland. See Ibrox disaster.
- January 2 - A ban on television cigarette advertisements goes into effect in the United States.
- January 3 - BBC Open University begins in the United Kingdom
- January 7 - Howard Hughes breaks his silence to announce that his supposed biography is a forgery.
- January 8 – Tupamaros kidnap Geoffrey Jackson, British ambassador to Uruguay, in Montevideo; they keep him captive until September
- January 9 – Uruguayan president Jorge Pacheco Areco demands emergency powers for 90 days due to kidnappings and receives them the next day
- January 14 – 70 Brazilian political prisoners released in Santiago. Giovanni Enrico Bucher is released January 16
- January 15 - Aswan Dam officially opened
- January 18 – Strikes in Poland demand resignation of interior minister Kazimierz Switala. He resigns January 23 and is replaced by Franciszek Szlachcic
- January 19 – Representatives of 23 western oil companies begin negotiations with OPEC in Tehran to stabilize oil prices. February 14 they sign a treaty with six Persian Gulf countries
- January 19 - No, No Nanette premieres (46th Street Theatre, New York City)
- January 24 – Guinean government sentences to death 92 Guineans who helped Portuguese troops in the failed landing attempts in November 1970. 72 are sentenced to hard labor for life. 58 of the sentenced are hanged the next day
- January 25 - Charles Manson and three female "family members" are found guilty of the 1969 murder of Sharon Tate and others at Sharon's house
- January 25 - Idi Amin leads a coup deposing Milton Obote and becomes Uganda's president
- January 25 - Himachal Pradesh becomes the 18th Indian state
- January 31 - Apollo program: US spaceflight Apollo 14, commanded by Alan Shepard, lifts off on the third successful lunar landing mission

February


- February 2 - Idi Amin ousts Milton Obote and assumes power in Uganda
- February 4 - In Britain, Rolls Royce goes bankrupt - state takes over
- February 5 - Apollo 14 lands on the Moon.
- February 7 - Tuscany, Italy, wrecked in an earthquake
- February 7 - Men of Switzerland vote for giving voting rights to women in state elections - but not in all canton-specific ones.
- February 7 – Wladyslaw Gomulka is expelled from central council of the Polish communist party
- February 8 - A new stock market index called the Nasdaq debuts
- February 9 - The 6.4 on the Richter Scale Sylmar earthquake hits the San Fernando Valley area of California.
- February 9 - Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro League player to become voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame
- February 9 - Apollo program: Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third manned moon landing
- February 11 - US, UK, USSR, others sign Seabed Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons.
- February 11-12 – Palestinian and Jordanian fighters clash in Amman
- February 13 - Vietnam War: Backed by American air and artillery support, South Vietnamese troops invade Laos.
- February 15 - "Decimalisation Day" - United Kingdom and Ireland both switch to decimal currency. See also decimalisation.
- February 15 – Angry Belgian farmers crash the EEC meeting in Brussels with three live cows with them
- February 16 – In Italy, local parliament elects the city of Catanzaro as the capital of Calabria – residents of Reggio di Calabria riot for five days because of the decision
- February 20 – 50 tornadoes rage in Mississippi – 74 dead
- February 20 - US Emergency Broadcast System sends an erroneous warning - many radio stations just ignore it
- February 21 - The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna.
- February 26 - Secretary-General U Thant signs United Nations proclamation of the vernal equinox as Earth Day.
- February 27 - Doctors in the first Dutch abortion clinic (Mildredhuis in Arnhem) start to perform abortus provocatus

March


- March 1 - Bomb explodes in men's room in the White House - Weather Underground claims responsibility.
- March 1 - Pakistani President Yahya Khan indefinitely postponed the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
- March 1 - Canadian John Robarts ends his term of office as 17th premier of Ontario
- March 5 – Pakistani army occupies the East Pakistan
- March 7 – Strike of British postal workers ends after 47 days
- March 10 - Twenty-sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution lowers voting age to 18.
- March 12 - Hafez al-Assad becomes president of Syria.
- March 16 – Government of Trygve Bratteli in Norway
- March 18 - A landslide at Chungar, Peru crashes into Lake Yanahuani killing 200
- March 23 – Military coup in Argentina – general Alejandro Lanusse takes power
- March 25 – Pakistani army starts massive killing in East Pakistan, which is now Bangladesh, after an open, non-democratic denial by Pakistani president Yahiya Khan, a military ruler, of election results that gave Awami League an overwhelming majority in the parliament.
- March 26 - The Independence Day of Bangladesh.
- March 29 - Filming begins on The Godfather. Shooting starts on Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather. The movie, released in 1972, won Oscars for Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Screenplay.
- March 29 - William Calley is found guilty of 22 murders in My Lai massacre and sentenced to life in prison. He is later pardoned.
- March 29 - A Los Angeles, California jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and three female followers.

April


- April 1 - United Kingdom lifts all restrictions on gold ownership
- April 5 – In Ceylon, group calling himself People’s Liberation Front begins a rebellion against Bandaranaike government
- April 5 – Chile and East Germany form diplomatic relations
- April 5 - Mount Etna erupts
- April 7 – Greece releases 261 political prisoners, 50 of which are sent to internal exile
- April 8 – Right-wing coup attempt exposed in Laos
- April 9 - Charles Manson is sentenced to death but the sentence is commuted to life imprisonment.
- April 12 – Palestinians retreat from Amman to north of Jordan
- April 17 – Bangladesh makes official declaration of independence but Pakistani troops continue the fighting
- April 17 - Libya, Syria and Egypt sign an agreement to form a confederation.
- April 19 – Government of Bangladesh flees to India
- April 19 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic
- April 19 – Unemployment in UK is 3.4%
- April 19 - Soviet Union launches Saljut I.
- April 19 - Followers of Charles Manson, the Manson Family, are sentenced to gas chamber.
- April 20 - Supreme Court of the United States rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation.
- April 20 – Cambodian Prime Minister Lon Nol resigns
- April 21 – Siaka Stevens is elected the first president of Sierra Leone
- April 21 – François Duvalier, president of Haiti, dies—his son Jean-Claude Duvalier follows him as president-for-life
- April 24 – Soyuz 10 docks with Salyut 1
- April 24 – 500,000 people in Washington DC and 125,000 in San Francisco march against the Vietnam War
- April 24 - Tsunami 85 m high rises over Ryukyu Islands in Japan. It throws a 750-ton block of coral 2.5 km inland
- April 25 – Todor Zhivkov re-elected as the leader of the Bulgarian communist party
- April 25 – Franz Jonas re-elected as the new chancellor of Austria
- April 26 – Government of Turkey declares the state of siege in 11 provinces, Ankara included, because of violent demonstrations
- April 29 – Bolivia nationalizes American-owned zinc mine of Matilde
- April 29 - The third anniversary of the Broadway musical Hair was celebrated with a concert at a Central Park bandshell.

May


- May 1 - Amtrak begins operation of intercity rail passenger service in the United States
- May 1 – Ceylonese government promises amnesty for those guerillas who surrender before April 5
- May 2 – in Ceylon left-wing guerillas launch a series of assaults against public buildings
- May 3 – Harris public opinion poll claims that 60% of Americans are against the war in Vietnam
- May 3 – East German leader Walter Ulbricht resigns as a party leader but retains the positions of the head of state
- May 3 - Anti-war militants attempt to disrupt government business in Washington, D.C.; police and military units arrest as many as 12,000, most of whom are later released.
- May 3 - All Things Considered, National Public Radio's flagship news program, broadcasts for the first time.
- May 5 – US dollar floods the European currency markets and threatens especially the Deutsche Mark – Central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading
- May 6 – Ceylon government begins a major offensive against the People's Liberation Front
- May 9 – Launch of Mariner 8 fails
- May 12 – Earthquake in Turkey destroys most of the city of Burdur
- May 15 – Israeli ambassador to Turkey, Efraim Elrom, is kidnapped. He is found killed in Istanbul May 25
- May 16 – Coup attempt exposed and foiled in Egypt
- May 19 - Mars probe program: Mars 2 is launched by the Soviet Union
- May 26 – Austria and People's Republic of China form diplomatic relations
- May 26 - Qantas agrees to pay $500,000 to Bomb hoaxer-extortionist Mr Brown (Peter Marcini) (Later Arrested)
- May 27 – Six armed passengers hijack Romanian passenger plane and force it to fly to Vienna
- May 27 - Christie's auctions diamond later known as Deepdene - it is later found to be artificially colored
- May 28 – Portugal resigns from UNESCO
- May 30 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars
- May 31 - The birth of a new country, Bangladesh, is declared by the government in exile from territory formerly part of Pakistan.

June


- June 1 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in southeast Asia, speak against war protests
- June 6 - Soyuz program: Soyuz 11 launches.
- June 6 - A midair collision between a Hughes Airwest Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a U.S. Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom jet fighter near Duarte, California claims 50 lives.
- June 10 – USA ends trade embargo of China.
- June 13 - Vietnam War: The New York Times begins to publish the Pentagon Papers. [http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/48.htm].
- June 13 - Gijs van Lennep wins the 24 hours of Le Mans together with Helmet Marko.
- June 14 - Norway begins oil production in North Sea.
- June 17 - Representatives of Japan and the United States sign the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, setting out a plan where the U.S. would return control of Okinawa.[http://www.niraikanai.wwma.net/pages/archive/rev71.html]
- June 20 – Britain announces that Soviet space scientist Anatoli Fedosejev has been granted asylum.
- June 21 – Britain begins new negotiations for EEC membership in Luxembourg.
- June 25 – Madagascar accuses USA of being connected to the plot to oust the current government – USA recalls its ambassador.
- June 28 - Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots Joe Colombo to the head in a middle of a Italian-American rally. Colombo goes into coma.
- June 30 - After a successful mission aboard Salyut 1, the world's first manned space station, the crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply leaks out through a faulty valve.

July


- July 3 - Doors musician Jim Morrison in found dead in his Paris apartment.
- July 5 - Right to vote: The voting age in the United States is reduced from 21 to 18 (provision of the 26th Amendment formally certified by President Richard Nixon on this day).
- July 9 - United Kingdom increases its troops in Northern Ireland to 11,000.
- July 10-11 – Coup attempt in Morocco - 1400 cadets take over the king's palace for three hours and kill 28 people; 158 rebels die when king's troops storm the palace. Ten high-ranking officers are later executed for involvement.
- July 13 – Ólafur Jóhannesson's government in Iceland.
- July 13 – Jordanian army troops launch offensive against Palestinian guerillas in Jordan.
- July 14 – Libya severs its diplomatic ties to Morocco.
- July 14 – Yugoslavian government allows foreign companies to take their profits from the country.
- July 16 - Francisco Franco makes Prince Juan Carlos his successor.
- July 16 - The four billionth baby was born. (see World Population).
- July 17 – Italy and Austria sign a treaty that ends the schism about South Tyrol.
- July 18 – Trucial States formed in the Persian Gulf.
- July 19-23 – Military coup in Sudan ousts Jaafar Muhammad al-Nemieri and major Hashem al-Atta takes over. Fighting continues until on July 22 pro-Nimeiri troops win. Al-Atta and 3 officers are executed July 23. Nimeiri launches an anti-communist campaign.
- July 26 - Apollo program: Launch of Apollo 15. On July 31 the Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover a day after landing on the surface.
- July 28 - Abdel Madgoub, Sudanese communist leader, is hanged.
- July 29 - The United Kingdom opts out of the Space Race with the cancellation of its Black Arrow launch vehicle.
- July 30 – In Japan, an All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 collides with a Japanese fighter jet – 162 dead.

August


- August 9 - India signs a twenty year treaty of friendship and cooperation with the Soviet Union.
- August 9 - British security forces in Northern Ireland detain hundreds of guerilla suspects and put them into Long Kesh - the beginning of an internment without trial policy. 20 die in riots that follow.
- August 12 – 3000 people from Belfast and Londonderry flee to Ireland because of the violence
- August 12 – Syria severs diplomatic relations to Jordan because of border clashes
- August 14 – British troops stationed on Ireland border to stop arms smuggling
- August 14 - Emirate of Bahrain declares independence
- August 15 – Number of British troops in Northern Ireland rises to 12,500
- August 15 - President Richard Nixon announces that the United States would no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system
- August 18 - Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam
- August 18 – British troops in firefight in Londonderry
- August 19-22 – Right-wing coup ignites a rebellion in Bolivia. Miners and students join troops to support president Juan Jose Torres but eventually Hugo Banzer takes over
- August 25 – Border clashes between Tanzania and Uganda
- August 25 – Large flood in Bangladesh and eastern Bengal – thousands flee the area
- August 26 - Civilian government in Greece.
- August 30 - The Alberta Progressive Conservatives under Peter Lougheed defeat the Social Credit government under Harry E. Strom in a general election, ending 36 years of uninterrupted power for Social Credit in Alberta.

September


- September 3 - Qatar regains independence from the United Kingdom
- September 3 - Manlio Brosio resigns as secterary general of NATO
- September 4 - A Boeing 727 carrying Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 crashes into the side of a mountain near Juneau, Alaska killing all 111 people on board
- September 8 - In Washington, DC, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass
- September 9 - 13 - Attica Prison riots - Revolt at the maximum-security prison in Attica, New York. In the end, state police and National Guard storm the facility - 42 dead, 10 of them hostages
- September 21 - Pakistan declares state of emergency
- September 24 - Britain expels 90 KGB and GRU officials and 15 are not allowed to return
- September 27 - October 11 - Emperor Hirohito travels abroad.
- September 28 - Cardinal Mindszenty, who has resided in US embassy in Budapest from 1956 is allowed to move out of Hungary.
- September 29 - Cyclone and tsunami in the Bay of Bengal in Orissa State in India kills 10,000.

October


- October 1 - Walt Disney World opens.
- October 20 - Dannii Minogue born.
- October 21 - President Nixon nominated Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. and William H. Rehnquist to the U.S. Supreme Court.
- October 21 - Gas explosion in Clarkston, Glasgow kills 20 people.
- October 25 - The United Nations General Assembly admits the People's Republic of China and expels the Republic of China (on Taiwan).
- October 27 - Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
- October 28 - British House of Commons votes in favour of joining the EEC by 356-244.
- October 28 - The United Kingdom becomes the 6th nation to launch a satellite into orbit, the Prospero X-3.
- October 29 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The total number of American troops still in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (lowest since January 1966)
- October 30 - Rev. Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party founded in Northern Ireland.
- October 31 - A bomb explodes at the top of the Post Office Tower in London.

November


- November 3 - The UNIX Programmer's Manual is published
- November 6 - US nuclear bomb test in Aleuts.
- November 10 - In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine airplanes.
- November 12 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
- November 13 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 becomes the first spacecraft to enter Mars orbit successfully
- November 15 - Intel releases world's first microprocessor, the 4004.
- November 23 - The People's Republic of China is given the Republic of China's seat on the United Nations Security Council (see China and the United Nations)
- November 24 - During a severe thunderstorm over Washington, a man calling himself D.B. Cooper parachutes from the Northwest Orient Airlines plane he hijacked with US$200,000 in ransom money (he was never heard from again)
- November 24 - Brussels court sentences would-be-pretender Alexis Brimeyer to 18 months in jail for falsely using a noble title; Brimeyer has already fled to Greece

December


- December 1 - Cambodian Civil War: Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on Cambodian government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray, 10 kilometers northeast of Phnom Penh
- December 2 - Six Sheikdoms in Persian Gulf founds United Arab Emirates.
- December 3 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 begins as Pakistan attacks eight India airbases. The next day India launches a massive invasion of East Pakistan.
- December 3- 4 night - Indian navy destroyer INS Rajput sinks Pakistani submarine PNS Ghazi (former USS Diablo)
- December 8 - US President Richard Nixon orders the 7th Fleet to move towards the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean.
- December 14 - Facing defeat in the war, Pakistan Army kills hundreds of Bangladeshi Intellectuals.
- December 16 - Victory Day of Bangladesh (Pakistan Army surrenders to the Mitro Bahini, ending Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 simultaneously).
- December 18 - US dollar devalued for the second time in US history.
- December 18 - World's largest hydroelectric plant in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, begins operations.
- December 29 - The United Kingdom gives up its military bases in Malta.

unknown dates


- Don't Make A Wave Committee changes its name to Greenpeace.
- Ray Tomlinson sends the first e-mail.
- Libertarian party established in USA.
- Free State of Christiania is founded.
- Intelsat IV
- Seychelles International Airport in Victoria, Seychelles (Mahe) is completed.
- Knapp Commission
- Johnny Cash, the American country and western singer, writes a song titled The Man in Black.
- US 48 continental states crude oil production peaks at approximately 4.5 million barrels/day.
- Center for Science in the Public Interest established.
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism established.

Births

January-April


- January 2 - Lisa Harrison, American basketball player
- January 7 - Chavo Guerrero Jr., American professional wrestler
- January 8 - Jason Giambi, baseball player
- January 9 - Scott Thornton, Canadian hockey player
- January 11 - Mary J. Blige, American singer
- January 17 - Leonardo Ciampa, American composer
- January 17 - Kid Rock, American singer
- January 18 - Jon Davis, American singer (Korn)
- January 19 - Shawn Wayans, American actor, writer, and producer
- January 19 - John Wozniak, American singer and songwriter (Marcy Playground)
- January 21 - Alan McManus, Scottish snooker player
- January 25 - Luca Badoer, Italian race car driver
- January 27 - Fann Wong, Chinese actress, model, and singer (Shanghai Knights)
- February 1 - Jill Kelly, American actress
- February 3 - Sarah Kane, English playwright (d. 1999)
- February 5 - Sara Evans, American singer
- February 10 - Lisa Marie Varon, American professional wrestler
- February 17 - Denise Richards, American actress
- February 25 - Sean Astin, American actor
- February 26 - Erykah Badu, American singer
- February 28 - Tristan Louis, Internet entrepreneur
- March 5 - John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- March 10 - Ugonna Wachuku, Nigerian writer
- March 11 - Johnny Knoxville, American television personality
- March 23 - Karen McDougal, American model
- March 26 - Behzad Ghorbani, Iranian scientist
- March 27 - David Coulthard, Scottish race car driver
- March 31 - Pavel Bure, Russian hockey player
- March 31 - Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor
- April 1 - Method Man, American rapper
- April 2 - Todd Woodbridge, Australian tennis player
- April 12 - Shannon Doherty, American actress
- April 16 - Selena Quintanilla, American singer (d. 1995)
- April 20 - Carla Geurts, Dutch swimmer

May-August


- May 8 - Candice Night, American singer
- May 20 - Tony Stewart, American race car driver
- May 25 - Sonya Smith, American actress
- May 26 - Matt Stone, American television producer
- May 27 - Paul Bettany, British actor
- June 2 - Anthony Montgomery, American actor
- June 5 - Mark Wahlberg, American actor and singer
- June 8 - Troy Vincent, American football player
- June 10 - Joel Hailey, American singer (Jodeci)
- June 16 - Derek R. Audette, Canadian musician, artist, and poet
- June 16 - Tupac Shakur, American rapper, poet, and actor (d. 1996)
- June 22 - Kurt Warner, American football player
- June 27 - Dipendra of Nepal, King of Nepal (d. 2001)
- June 28 - Norika Fujiwara, Japanese actress and television-personality
- July 1 - Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott, American singer
- July 9 - Marc Andreessen, American software developer
- July 12 - Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
- July 17 - Cory Doctorow, Canadian author and activist
- July 23 - Dalvin DeGrate, American singer and producer (Jodeci)
- July 22 - Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
- August 4 - Jeff Gordon, American race car driver
- August 6 - Merrin Dungey, American actress
- August 10 - Roy Keane, Irish footballer
- August 10 - Mario César Kindelán Mesa, Cuban amateur boxer
- August 12 - Pete Sampras, American tennis player
- August 17 - Jorge Posada, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player
- August 18 - Richard D James, Irish musician
- August 26 - Thalía, Mexican actress
- August 28 -

February 15

February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 319 days remaining (320 in leap years).

Events


- 399 - The philosopher Socrates is sentenced to death.
- 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
- 1764 - The city of St. Louis, Missouri is established.
- 1805 - Harmony Society officially formed.
- 1852 - Great Ormond St Hospital for Sick Children, London, admits first patient.
- 1862 - American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant attacks Fort Donelson, Tennessee.
- 1879 - Women's rights: American President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases before the Supreme Court of the United States.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: The USS Maine explodes and sinks in Havana harbor in Cuba, killing more than 260. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.
- 1903 - Morris Michtom and his wife Rose introduce the first teddy bear in America.
- 1906 - The British Labour Party is organized.
- 1933 - In Miami, Florida, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead shoots Chicago, Illinois Mayor Anton J. Cermak, who dies of his wounds on March 6, 1933.
- 1942 - World War II: The Fall of Singapore. Following an assault by Japanese forces, the British General Arthur Percival surrenders. About 80,000 Indian, United Kingdom and Australian soldiers become prisoners of war, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history.
- 1944 - World War II: Assault on Monte Cassino, Italy begins.
- 1950 - The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China sign a mutual defense treaty.
- 1953 - Seventeen-year-old Tenley Albright becomes the first American to win the world figure skating championship.
- 1961 - A Boeing 707 crashes in Belgium, killing 73, including the entire United States figure skating team and several coaches.
- 1965 - A new red-and-white maple leaf design is adopted as the flag of Canada, replacing the old Canadian Red Ensign banner.
- 1970 - A Dominican DC-9 crashes into the sea during takeoff from Santo Domingo, killing 102
- 1971 - Decimalisation of British coinage is completed on Decimal Day.
- 1980 - Television One and Television Two (formerly South Pacific Television) under the newly formed Television New Zealand goes to air for the first time
- 1982 - The drilling rig Ocean Ranger sinks during a storm off the coast of Newfoundland, killing 84 rig workers.
- 1989 - Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan: The Soviet Union officially announces that all of its troops had left Afghanistan.
- 1991 - The Visegrád Agreement, establishing cooperation to move toward free-market systems, is signed by the leaders of Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland.
- 1995 - Hacking: Kevin Mitnick is arrested by the FBI and charged with breaking into some of the United States' most "secure" computer systems.
- 1999 - Abdullah Öcalan, leader of the terrorist organization Kurdistan Workers Party, is arrested in Kenya by Turkish agents.
- 2000 - Indian Point II nuclear power plant in New York vents a small amount of radioactive steam when a steam generator fails.
- 2002 - At the Tri-State Crematory in La Fayette, Georgia, investigators find that bodies that were supposed to have been cremated were in fact disposed of in the woods and buildings on the crematorium's property. The discovery reveals one of the worst incidents of abuse in the funeral service industry.
- 2003 - Global protests aganinst the Iraq war occur in over 600 cities worldwide. Estimates from 10,000,000-15,000,000 make this the largest day of protest in history.
- 2004 - John Daly the PGA golfer, wins his first PGA TOUR event in 9 years by winning the Buick Invitational golf tournament on the first hole of a playoff in San Diego, California.

Births


- 1458 - Ivan the Young, Ruler of Tver (d. 1490)
- 1471 - Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1503)
- 1543 - Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1608)
- 1564 - Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist (d. 1642)
- 1620 - François Charpentier, French archaeologist (d. 1702)
- 1705 - Charles-André van Loo, French painter (d. 1765)
- 1710 - King Louis XV of France (d. 1774)
- 1723 - John Witherspoon, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1794)
- 1725 - Abraham Clark, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1794)
- 1739 - Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (d. 1813)
- 1759 - Friedrich August Wolf, German philologist and archaeologist (d. 1824)
- 1803 - John Sutter, California pioneer (d. 1880)
- 1809 - Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (d. 1884)
- 1812 - Charles Lewis Tiffany, American jeweler (d. 1902)
- 1815 - Constantin von Tischendorf, German Biblical scholar (d. 1874)
- 1820 - Susan B. Anthony, American feminist and suffragist (d. 1906)
- 1825 - Carter Harrison, Sr., Mayor of Chicago (d. 1893)
- 1835 - Demetrius Vikelas, Greek International Olympic Committee president (d. 1908)
- 1841 - Manoel Ferraz de Campos Salles, President of Brazil (d. 1913)
- 1845 - Elihu Root, American statesman and diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)
- 1847 - Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (d. 1927)
- 1856 - Emil Kraepelin, German psychiatrist (d. 1926)
- 1861 - Charles Edouard Guillaume, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1938)
- 1873 - Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
- 1874 - Sir Ernest Shackleton, British polar explorer (d. 1922)
- 1882 - John Barrymore, American actor (d. 1942)
- 1883 - Sax Rohmer, English author (d. 1959)
- 1892 - James Forrestal, first United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1949)
- 1895 - Earl Thomson, Canadian athlete (d. 1971)
- 1896 - Arthur Shields, Irish actor (d. 1970)
- 1898 - Totò, Italian actor, writer, and composer (d. 1967)
- 1898 - Allen Woodring, American runner (d. 1982)
- 1899 - Georges Auric, French composer (d. 1983)
- 1899 - Gale Sondergaard, American actress (d. 1985)
- 1905 - Harold Arlen, American composer (d. 1986)
- 1907 - Jean Langlais, French composer and organist (d. 1991)
- 1907 - Cesar Romero, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1909 - Miep Gies, Dutch biographer of Anne Frank
- 1909 - Guillermo Gorostiza Paredes, Spanish footballer (d. 1966)
- 1914 - Hale Boggs, American politician (d. 1972)
- 1914 - Kevin McCarthy, American actor
- 1916 - Mary Jane Croft, American actress (d. 1999)
- 1918 - Allan Arbus, American actor
- 1919 - Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1996)
- 1922 - John Baya