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E. F. Jacob

E. F. Jacob

Ernest Fraser Jacob (1894-1971) was a British mediaevalist and scholar. He lectured at Manchester University before becoming Chichele Professor of Modern History at All Souls College Oxford where his pupils included A.L. Rowse. He later taught at Christ Church College. He wrote the Fifteenth Century volume of the Oxford History of England, a weighty and authoritative tome.

1894

1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).

Events


- January 7 - W.K. Dickson receives a patent for motion picture film.
- January 8 - A fire at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois causes a good deal of damage.
- January 9 - New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard (Lexington, Massachusetts).
- February 15 - 04:51 GMT, French anarchist Martial Bourdin attempts to destroy the Royal Greenwich Observatory, London, England with a bomb.
- March 1 - Thomas McGreevy, Canadian politician and contractor, is released from prison after serving time for defrauding the government
- March 12 - For the first time Coca-Cola is sold in bottles.
- March 15 - Anarchist Jean Pauwels dies in a Madeline church in Paris when his bomb explodes in his pocket
- March 25 - Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, departs Massillon, Ohio for Washington D.C.
- May - outbreak of bubonic plague in the Tai Ping Shan area of Hong Kong. The disease killed a total of 2,552 people in the territory that year
- May 1 - Coxey's Army arrives in Washington D.C.
- May 11 - Pullman Strike: Three thousand Pullman Palace Car Company workers go on a "wildcat" (without union approval) strike in Illinois.
- May 14 - Meteor shower in Southern France
- May 14 - Blackpool Tower opened in Blackpool, Lancashire, England
- June 22 - Dahomey becomes French colony
- June 23 - International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne, Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
- June 24 - Assassination of Sadi Carnot, president of France
- July 4 - The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
- August 1 - Declaration of war between the Qing Empire of China and the Empire of Japan, over their rival claims of influence on their common ally, the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. The event marks the start of the first Sino-Japanese War.
- November 16 - Turkish troops kills 6000 Armenians in Kurdistan
- September 1 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.
- September 4 - In New York City, 12,000 tailors strike against sweatshop working conditions.
- October 15 - Alfred Dreyfus is arrested for spying - Dreyfus affair begins
- 30 October - Domenico Menegatti obtains a patent for a procedure to be applied in producing pandoro industrially.
- November 1 - Russian Tsar Alexander III dies and is succeeded by his son Nicholas II.
- November 16 - Turks kill 16.000 Armenians in Kurdistan
- December 18 - Women in South Australia become the first in Australia to gain the right to vote and to be elected to Parliament.
- December 21 - Mackenzie Bowell becomes Canada's fifth prime minister.
- Western countries give up their extraterritorial rights in Japan
- Tower Bridge in London opened for traffic

Births

January-March


- January 1 - Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian physicist (d. 1974)
- January 20 - Walter Piston, American composer (d. 1976)
- January 30 - King Boris III of Bulgaria (d. 1943)
- January 31 - Isham Jones, American jazz musician (d. 1956)
- February 1 - John Ford, American director and producer (d. 1973)
- February 8 - Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher (d. 1971)
- February 10 - Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1986)
- February 11 - Alfonso Leng, Chilean composer (d. 1974)
- February 11 - Isaac Kolthooff, chemist
- February 14 - Jack Benny, American actor and comedian (d. 1974)
- February 28 - Ben Hecht, American playwright, and film writer (d. 1964)
- March 17 - Paul Green, novelist and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright (d. 1981)
- March 19 - Moms Mabley, American comedienne (d. 1975)

April-June


- April 10 - Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist, Gandhian, and educationist (d. 1983)
- April 13 - Arthur Fadden, thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1973)
- April 15 - Bessie Smith, American blues singer (d. 1937)
- April 17 - Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Soviet politician (d. 1971)
- April 26 - Rudolf Hess, Nazi official (d. 1987)
- May 11 - Martha Graham, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1991)
- May 16 - Walter Yust, American encyclopædia editor (d. 1960)
- May 27 - Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French writer (d. 1961)
- May 27 - Dashiell Hammett, American author (d. 1961)
- May 31 - Fred Allen, American comedian (d. 1956)
- June 5 - Roy Thomson, Canadian publisher (d. 1976)
- June 9 - Nedo Nadi, Italian fencer
- June 14 - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1924)
- June 23 - King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (d. 1972)

July-September


- July 9 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
- July 18 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (d. 1940)
- July 19 - Khawaja Nazimuddin, second Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
- July 26 - Aldous Huxley, English author (d. 1963)
- August 3 - Harry Heilmann, baseball player (d. 1951)
- August 28 - Karl Böhm, Austrian conductor (d. 1981)
- September 2 - Joseph Roth, Austrian writer (d. 1939)
- September 13 - J. B. Priestley, English novelist and playwright (d. 1984)
- September 13 - Julian Tuwim, Polish poet (d. 1953)
- September 15 - Jean Renoir, French film director (d. 1979)
- September 24 - Tommy Armour, Scottish golfer (d. 1968)

October-December


- October 5 - Bevil Rudd, South African athlete (d. 1948)
- October 7 - Del Lord, Hollywood director (d. 1970)
- October 14 - E. E. Cummings, American poet (d. 1962)
- October 15 - Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1965)
- October 25 - Claude Cahun, French photographer and writer (d. 1954)
- November 2 - Alexander Lippisch, German aerodynamics engineer (d. 1976)
- November 24 - Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (d. 1978)
- November 26 - Norbert Wiener, American mathematician (d. 1964)
- November 29 - Lucille Hegamin, American singer and entertainer (d. 1970)
- December 17 - Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (d. 1979)
- December 20 - Robert Menzies, twelfth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1978)

Unknown date


- Chaim Soutine, Russian-born painter (d. 1944)

Deaths


- January 1 - Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, German physicist (b. 1857)
- February 4 - Adolphe Sax, Belgian instrument maker, inventor of the saxophone (b. 1814)
- February 6 - Maria Deraismes, French feminist (b. 1928)
- February 11 - Pasqual Juan Emilio Arrieta y Corera, composer
- June 3 - Karl Eduard Zachariae, German jurist and expert on Byzantine law (b. 1812)
- October 24 - Tsar Alexander III of Russia (b. 1845)
- November 20 - Anton Rubinstein, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1829)
- November 25 - Solomon Caesar Malan, Swiss-born orientalist (b. 1812)
- December 3 - Robert Louis Stevenson, Scottish author (b. 1850)
- December 9 - Pafnuty Chebyshev, Russian mathematician (b. 1821)
- December 12 - John Sparrow David Thompson, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1845)

Marriages


- January 21 - Lillian Russell & Giovanni Perugini
- May 31 - Joe Keaton & Myra Keaton
- June 7 - C. Oliver Iselin & Hope Goddard
- June 22 - Harry Houdini & Mrs. Harry Houdini
- July 9 - J.M. Barrie & Mary Ansell
- August 28 - Anna Larssen Bjørner & Jens Otto Gyntelberg Larssen
- September 11 - Richard Strauss & Pauline de Ahna
- September 13 - Decima Moore & Cecil Ainslie Walker-Leigh
- November 26 - Tsar Nicholas II & Tsarina Alexandra

Fictional events of the year

Sherlock Holmes returns to London from "The Great Hiatus". Category:1894 ko:1894년 ms:1894 simple:1894 th:พ.ศ. 2437

1971

1971 (MCMLXXI) is a common year starting on Friday (click for link to calendar).

Events

January


- January 1 - British Divorce Reform Act comes into force
- January 2 - 66 die in stairway crush at Rangers v Celtic football match, Glasgow, Scotland. See Ibrox disaster.
- January 2 - A ban on television cigarette advertisements goes into effect in the United States.
- January 3 - BBC Open University begins in the United Kingdom
- January 7 - Howard Hughes breaks his silence to announce that his supposed biography is a forgery.
- January 8 – Tupamaros kidnap Geoffrey Jackson, British ambassador to Uruguay, in Montevideo; they keep him captive until September
- January 9 – Uruguayan president Jorge Pacheco Areco demands emergency powers for 90 days due to kidnappings and receives them the next day
- January 14 – 70 Brazilian political prisoners released in Santiago. Giovanni Enrico Bucher is released January 16
- January 15 - Aswan Dam officially opened
- January 18 – Strikes in Poland demand resignation of interior minister Kazimierz Switala. He resigns January 23 and is replaced by Franciszek Szlachcic
- January 19 – Representatives of 23 western oil companies begin negotiations with OPEC in Tehran to stabilize oil prices. February 14 they sign a treaty with six Persian Gulf countries
- January 19 - No, No Nanette premieres (46th Street Theatre, New York City)
- January 24 – Guinean government sentences to death 92 Guineans who helped Portuguese troops in the failed landing attempts in November 1970. 72 are sentenced to hard labor for life. 58 of the sentenced are hanged the next day
- January 25 - Charles Manson and three female "family members" are found guilty of the 1969 murder of Sharon Tate and others at Sharon's house
- January 25 - Idi Amin leads a coup deposing Milton Obote and becomes Uganda's president
- January 25 - Himachal Pradesh becomes the 18th Indian state
- January 31 - Apollo program: US spaceflight Apollo 14, commanded by Alan Shepard, lifts off on the third successful lunar landing mission

February


- February 2 - Idi Amin ousts Milton Obote and assumes power in Uganda
- February 4 - In Britain, Rolls Royce goes bankrupt - state takes over
- February 5 - Apollo 14 lands on the Moon.
- February 7 - Tuscany, Italy, wrecked in an earthquake
- February 7 - Men of Switzerland vote for giving voting rights to women in state elections - but not in all canton-specific ones.
- February 7 – Wladyslaw Gomulka is expelled from central council of the Polish communist party
- February 8 - A new stock market index called the Nasdaq debuts
- February 9 - The 6.4 on the Richter Scale Sylmar earthquake hits the San Fernando Valley area of California.
- February 9 - Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro League player to become voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame
- February 9 - Apollo program: Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third manned moon landing
- February 11 - US, UK, USSR, others sign Seabed Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons.
- February 11-12 – Palestinian and Jordanian fighters clash in Amman
- February 13 - Vietnam War: Backed by American air and artillery support, South Vietnamese troops invade Laos.
- February 15 - "Decimalisation Day" - United Kingdom and Ireland both switch to decimal currency. See also decimalisation.
- February 15 – Angry Belgian farmers crash the EEC meeting in Brussels with three live cows with them
- February 16 – In Italy, local parliament elects the city of Catanzaro as the capital of Calabria – residents of Reggio di Calabria riot for five days because of the decision
- February 20 – 50 tornadoes rage in Mississippi – 74 dead
- February 20 - US Emergency Broadcast System sends an erroneous warning - many radio stations just ignore it
- February 21 - The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna.
- February 26 - Secretary-General U Thant signs United Nations proclamation of the vernal equinox as Earth Day.
- February 27 - Doctors in the first Dutch abortion clinic (Mildredhuis in Arnhem) start to perform abortus provocatus

March


- March 1 - Bomb explodes in men's room in the White House - Weather Underground claims responsibility.
- March 1 - Pakistani President Yahya Khan indefinitely postponed the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
- March 1 - Canadian John Robarts ends his term of office as 17th premier of Ontario
- March 5 – Pakistani army occupies the East Pakistan
- March 7 – Strike of British postal workers ends after 47 days
- March 10 - Twenty-sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution lowers voting age to 18.
- March 12 - Hafez al-Assad becomes president of Syria.
- March 16 – Government of Trygve Bratteli in Norway
- March 18 - A landslide at Chungar, Peru crashes into Lake Yanahuani killing 200
- March 23 – Military coup in Argentina – general Alejandro Lanusse takes power
- March 25 – Pakistani army starts massive killing in East Pakistan, which is now Bangladesh, after an open, non-democratic denial by Pakistani president Yahiya Khan, a military ruler, of election results that gave Awami League an overwhelming majority in the parliament.
- March 26 - The Independence Day of Bangladesh.
- March 29 - Filming begins on The Godfather. Shooting starts on Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather. The movie, released in 1972, won Oscars for Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Screenplay.
- March 29 - William Calley is found guilty of 22 murders in My Lai massacre and sentenced to life in prison. He is later pardoned.
- March 29 - A Los Angeles, California jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and three female followers.

April


- April 1 - United Kingdom lifts all restrictions on gold ownership
- April 5 – In Ceylon, group calling himself People’s Liberation Front begins a rebellion against Bandaranaike government
- April 5 – Chile and East Germany form diplomatic relations
- April 5 - Mount Etna erupts
- April 7 – Greece releases 261 political prisoners, 50 of which are sent to internal exile
- April 8 – Right-wing coup attempt exposed in Laos
- April 9 - Charles Manson is sentenced to death but the sentence is commuted to life imprisonment.
- April 12 – Palestinians retreat from Amman to north of Jordan
- April 17 – Bangladesh makes official declaration of independence but Pakistani troops continue the fighting
- April 17 - Libya, Syria and Egypt sign an agreement to form a confederation.
- April 19 – Government of Bangladesh flees to India
- April 19 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic
- April 19 – Unemployment in UK is 3.4%
- April 19 - Soviet Union launches Saljut I.
- April 19 - Followers of Charles Manson, the Manson Family, are sentenced to gas chamber.
- April 20 - Supreme Court of the United States rules unanimously that busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation.
- April 20 – Cambodian Prime Minister Lon Nol resigns
- April 21 – Siaka Stevens is elected the first president of Sierra Leone
- April 21 – François Duvalier, president of Haiti, dies—his son Jean-Claude Duvalier follows him as president-for-life
- April 24 – Soyuz 10 docks with Salyut 1
- April 24 – 500,000 people in Washington DC and 125,000 in San Francisco march against the Vietnam War
- April 24 - Tsunami 85 m high rises over Ryukyu Islands in Japan. It throws a 750-ton block of coral 2.5 km inland
- April 25 – Todor Zhivkov re-elected as the leader of the Bulgarian communist party
- April 25 – Franz Jonas re-elected as the new chancellor of Austria
- April 26 – Government of Turkey declares the state of siege in 11 provinces, Ankara included, because of violent demonstrations
- April 29 – Bolivia nationalizes American-owned zinc mine of Matilde
- April 29 - The third anniversary of the Broadway musical Hair was celebrated with a concert at a Central Park bandshell.

May


- May 1 - Amtrak begins operation of intercity rail passenger service in the United States
- May 1 – Ceylonese government promises amnesty for those guerillas who surrender before April 5
- May 2 – in Ceylon left-wing guerillas launch a series of assaults against public buildings
- May 3 – Harris public opinion poll claims that 60% of Americans are against the war in Vietnam
- May 3 – East German leader Walter Ulbricht resigns as a party leader but retains the positions of the head of state
- May 3 - Anti-war militants attempt to disrupt government business in Washington, D.C.; police and military units arrest as many as 12,000, most of whom are later released.
- May 3 - All Things Considered, National Public Radio's flagship news program, broadcasts for the first time.
- May 5 – US dollar floods the European currency markets and threatens especially the Deutsche Mark – Central banks of Austria, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland stop the currency trading
- May 6 – Ceylon government begins a major offensive against the People's Liberation Front
- May 9 – Launch of Mariner 8 fails
- May 12 – Earthquake in Turkey destroys most of the city of Burdur
- May 15 – Israeli ambassador to Turkey, Efraim Elrom, is kidnapped. He is found killed in Istanbul May 25
- May 16 – Coup attempt exposed and foiled in Egypt
- May 19 - Mars probe program: Mars 2 is launched by the Soviet Union
- May 26 – Austria and People's Republic of China form diplomatic relations
- May 26 - Qantas agrees to pay $500,000 to Bomb hoaxer-extortionist Mr Brown (Peter Marcini) (Later Arrested)
- May 27 – Six armed passengers hijack Romanian passenger plane and force it to fly to Vienna
- May 27 - Christie's auctions diamond later known as Deepdene - it is later found to be artificially colored
- May 28 – Portugal resigns from UNESCO
- May 30 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars
- May 31 - The birth of a new country, Bangladesh, is declared by the government in exile from territory formerly part of Pakistan.

June


- June 1 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in southeast Asia, speak against war protests
- June 6 - Soyuz program: Soyuz 11 launches.
- June 6 - A midair collision between a Hughes Airwest Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a U.S. Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom jet fighter near Duarte, California claims 50 lives.
- June 10 – USA ends trade embargo of China.
- June 13 - Vietnam War: The New York Times begins to publish the Pentagon Papers. [http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/48.htm].
- June 13 - Gijs van Lennep wins the 24 hours of Le Mans together with Helmet Marko.
- June 14 - Norway begins oil production in North Sea.
- June 17 - Representatives of Japan and the United States sign the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, setting out a plan where the U.S. would return control of Okinawa.[http://www.niraikanai.wwma.net/pages/archive/rev71.html]
- June 20 – Britain announces that Soviet space scientist Anatoli Fedosejev has been granted asylum.
- June 21 – Britain begins new negotiations for EEC membership in Luxembourg.
- June 25 – Madagascar accuses USA of being connected to the plot to oust the current government – USA recalls its ambassador.
- June 28 - Assassin Jerome A. Johnson shoots Joe Colombo to the head in a middle of a Italian-American rally. Colombo goes into coma.
- June 30 - After a successful mission aboard Salyut 1, the world's first manned space station, the crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply leaks out through a faulty valve.

July


- July 3 - Doors musician Jim Morrison in found dead in his Paris apartment.
- July 5 - Right to vote: The voting age in the United States is reduced from 21 to 18 (provision of the 26th Amendment formally certified by President Richard Nixon on this day).
- July 9 - United Kingdom increases its troops in Northern Ireland to 11,000.
- July 10-11 – Coup attempt in Morocco - 1400 cadets take over the king's palace for three hours and kill 28 people; 158 rebels die when king's troops storm the palace. Ten high-ranking officers are later executed for involvement.
- July 13 – Ólafur Jóhannesson's government in Iceland.
- July 13 – Jordanian army troops launch offensive against Palestinian guerillas in Jordan.
- July 14 – Libya severs its diplomatic ties to Morocco.
- July 14 – Yugoslavian government allows foreign companies to take their profits from the country.
- July 16 - Francisco Franco makes Prince Juan Carlos his successor.
- July 16 - The four billionth baby was born. (see World Population).
- July 17 – Italy and Austria sign a treaty that ends the schism about South Tyrol.
- July 18 – Trucial States formed in the Persian Gulf.
- July 19-23 – Military coup in Sudan ousts Jaafar Muhammad al-Nemieri and major Hashem al-Atta takes over. Fighting continues until on July 22 pro-Nimeiri troops win. Al-Atta and 3 officers are executed July 23. Nimeiri launches an anti-communist campaign.
- July 26 - Apollo program: Launch of Apollo 15. On July 31 the Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover a day after landing on the surface.
- July 28 - Abdel Madgoub, Sudanese communist leader, is hanged.
- July 29 - The United Kingdom opts out of the Space Race with the cancellation of its Black Arrow launch vehicle.
- July 30 – In Japan, an All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 collides with a Japanese fighter jet – 162 dead.

August


- August 9 - India signs a twenty year treaty of friendship and cooperation with the Soviet Union.
- August 9 - British security forces in Northern Ireland detain hundreds of guerilla suspects and put them into Long Kesh - the beginning of an internment without trial policy. 20 die in riots that follow.
- August 12 – 3000 people from Belfast and Londonderry flee to Ireland because of the violence
- August 12 – Syria severs diplomatic relations to Jordan because of border clashes
- August 14 – British troops stationed on Ireland border to stop arms smuggling
- August 14 - Emirate of Bahrain declares independence
- August 15 – Number of British troops in Northern Ireland rises to 12,500
- August 15 - President Richard Nixon announces that the United States would no longer convert dollars to gold at a fixed value, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system
- August 18 - Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam
- August 18 – British troops in firefight in Londonderry
- August 19-22 – Right-wing coup ignites a rebellion in Bolivia. Miners and students join troops to support president Juan Jose Torres but eventually Hugo Banzer takes over
- August 25 – Border clashes between Tanzania and Uganda
- August 25 – Large flood in Bangladesh and eastern Bengal – thousands flee the area
- August 26 - Civilian government in Greece.
- August 30 - The Alberta Progressive Conservatives under Peter Lougheed defeat the Social Credit government under Harry E. Strom in a general election, ending 36 years of uninterrupted power for Social Credit in Alberta.

September


- September 3 - Qatar regains independence from the United Kingdom
- September 3 - Manlio Brosio resigns as secterary general of NATO
- September 4 - A Boeing 727 carrying Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 crashes into the side of a mountain near Juneau, Alaska killing all 111 people on board
- September 8 - In Washington, DC, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is inaugurated with the opening feature being the premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass
- September 9 - 13 - Attica Prison riots - Revolt at the maximum-security prison in Attica, New York. In the end, state police and National Guard storm the facility - 42 dead, 10 of them hostages
- September 21 - Pakistan declares state of emergency
- September 24 - Britain expels 90 KGB and GRU officials and 15 are not allowed to return
- September 27 - October 11 - Emperor Hirohito travels abroad.
- September 28 - Cardinal Mindszenty, who has resided in US embassy in Budapest from 1956 is allowed to move out of Hungary.
- September 29 - Cyclone and tsunami in the Bay of Bengal in Orissa State in India kills 10,000.

October


- October 1 - Walt Disney World opens.
- October 20 - Dannii Minogue born.
- October 21 - President Nixon nominated Lewis Franklin Powell, Jr. and William H. Rehnquist to the U.S. Supreme Court.
- October 21 - Gas explosion in Clarkston, Glasgow kills 20 people.
- October 25 - The United Nations General Assembly admits the People's Republic of China and expels the Republic of China (on Taiwan).
- October 27 - Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
- October 28 - British House of Commons votes in favour of joining the EEC by 356-244.
- October 28 - The United Kingdom becomes the 6th nation to launch a satellite into orbit, the Prospero X-3.
- October 29 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The total number of American troops still in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (lowest since January 1966)
- October 30 - Rev. Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party founded in Northern Ireland.
- October 31 - A bomb explodes at the top of the Post Office Tower in London.

November


- November 3 - The UNIX Programmer's Manual is published
- November 6 - US nuclear bomb test in Aleuts.
- November 10 - In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine airplanes.
- November 12 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
- November 13 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 becomes the first spacecraft to enter Mars orbit successfully
- November 15 - Intel releases world's first microprocessor, the 4004.
- November 23 - The People's Republic of China is given the Republic of China's seat on the United Nations Security Council (see China and the United Nations)
- November 24 - During a severe thunderstorm over Washington, a man calling himself D.B. Cooper parachutes from the Northwest Orient Airlines plane he hijacked with US$200,000 in ransom money (he was never heard from again)
- November 24 - Brussels court sentences would-be-pretender Alexis Brimeyer to 18 months in jail for falsely using a noble title; Brimeyer has already fled to Greece

December


- December 1 - Cambodian Civil War: Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on Cambodian government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray, 10 kilometers northeast of Phnom Penh
- December 2 - Six Sheikdoms in Persian Gulf founds United Arab Emirates.
- December 3 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 begins as Pakistan attacks eight India airbases. The next day India launches a massive invasion of East Pakistan.
- December 3- 4 night - Indian navy destroyer INS Rajput sinks Pakistani submarine PNS Ghazi (former USS Diablo)
- December 8 - US President Richard Nixon orders the 7th Fleet to move towards the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean.
- December 14 - Facing defeat in the war, Pakistan Army kills hundreds of Bangladeshi Intellectuals.
- December 16 - Victory Day of Bangladesh (Pakistan Army surrenders to the Mitro Bahini, ending Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 simultaneously).
- December 18 - US dollar devalued for the second time in US history.
- December 18 - World's largest hydroelectric plant in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, begins operations.
- December 29 - The United Kingdom gives up its military bases in Malta.

unknown dates


- Don't Make A Wave Committee changes its name to Greenpeace.
- Ray Tomlinson sends the first e-mail.
- Libertarian party established in USA.
- Free State of Christiania is founded.
- Intelsat IV
- Seychelles International Airport in Victoria, Seychelles (Mahe) is completed.
- Knapp Commission
- Johnny Cash, the American country and western singer, writes a song titled The Man in Black.
- US 48 continental states crude oil production peaks at approximately 4.5 million barrels/day.
- Center for Science in the Public Interest established.
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism established.

Births

January-April


- January 2 - Lisa Harrison, American basketball player
- January 7 - Chavo Guerrero Jr., American professional wrestler
- January 8 - Jason Giambi, baseball player
- January 9 - Scott Thornton, Canadian hockey player
- January 11 - Mary J. Blige, American singer
- January 17 - Leonardo Ciampa, American composer
- January 17 - Kid Rock, American singer
- January 18 - Jon Davis, American singer (Korn)
- January 19 - Shawn Wayans, American actor, writer, and producer
- January 19 - John Wozniak, American singer and songwriter (Marcy Playground)
- January 21 - Alan McManus, Scottish snooker player
- January 25 - Luca Badoer, Italian race car driver
- January 27 - Fann Wong, Chinese actress, model, and singer (Shanghai Knights)
- February 1 - Jill Kelly, American actress
- February 3 - Sarah Kane, English playwright (d. 1999)
- February 5 - Sara Evans, American singer
- February 10 - Lisa Marie Varon, American professional wrestler
- February 17 - Denise Richards, American actress
- February 25 - Sean Astin, American actor
- February 26 - Erykah Badu, American singer
- February 28 - Tristan Louis, Internet entrepreneur
- March 5 - John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- March 10 - Ugonna Wachuku, Nigerian writer
- March 11 - Johnny Knoxville, American television personality
- March 23 - Karen McDougal, American model
- March 26 - Behzad Ghorbani, Iranian scientist
- March 27 - David Coulthard, Scottish race car driver
- March 31 - Pavel Bure, Russian hockey player
- March 31 - Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor
- April 1 - Method Man, American rapper
- April 2 - Todd Woodbridge, Australian tennis player
- April 12 - Shannon Doherty, American actress
- April 16 - Selena Quintanilla, American singer (d. 1995)
- April 20 - Carla Geurts, Dutch swimmer

May-August


- May 8 - Candice Night, American singer
- May 20 - Tony Stewart, American race car driver
- May 25 - Sonya Smith, American actress
- May 26 - Matt Stone, American television producer
- May 27 - Paul Bettany, British actor
- June 2 - Anthony Montgomery, American actor
- June 5 - Mark Wahlberg, American actor and singer
- June 8 - Troy Vincent, American football player
- June 10 - Joel Hailey, American singer (Jodeci)
- June 16 - Derek R. Audette, Canadian musician, artist, and poet
- June 16 - Tupac Shakur, American rapper, poet, and actor (d. 1996)
- June 22 - Kurt Warner, American football player
- June 27 - Dipendra of Nepal, King of Nepal (d. 2001)
- June 28 - Norika Fujiwara, Japanese actress and television-personality
- July 1 - Missy "Misdemeanor" Elliott, American singer
- July 9 - Marc Andreessen, American software developer
- July 12 - Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater
- July 17 - Cory Doctorow, Canadian author and activist
- July 23 - Dalvin DeGrate, American singer and producer (Jodeci)
- July 22 - Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
- August 4 - Jeff Gordon, American race car driver
- August 6 - Merrin Dungey, American actress
- August 10 - Roy Keane, Irish footballer
- August 10 - Mario César Kindelán Mesa, Cuban amateur boxer
- August 12 - Pete Sampras, American tennis player
- August 17 - Jorge Posada, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player
- August 18 - Richard D James, Irish musician
- August 26 - Thalía, Mexican actress
- August 28 -

Manchester University

The University of Manchester in Manchester, England is a university that was formed from the merger of the Victoria University of Manchester (commonly known as the University of Manchester before the merger) and UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology) on 1 October 2004. The university was officially launched on 22 October 2004 when Her Majesty the Queen handed over the Royal Charter.

History of the University

The combined university can trace its origins back to 1824 when the Manchester Mechanics' Institute (which later became UMIST) was founded, with Victoria University being founded as Owens College in 1851. The new university has the largest number of full time students of any university in the UK, unless the University of London is counted as a single univerity. It teaches more academic subjects than any other British University. The President and Vice-Chancellor of the new University is Alan Gilbert, former Vice-Chancellor of the University of Melbourne. One of the stated ambitions of the newly combined university is to 'establish it by 2015 among the 25 strongest research universities in the world on commonly accepted criteria of research excellence and performance' (see [http://www.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/ 2015 Strategy]). 2015 and Tom Kilburn ]] The combined university counts 20 Nobel Prize winners amongst its former staff and students. It has traditionally been particularly strong in the sciences, with the nuclear nature of the atom being discovered at Manchester, and the world's first programmable electronic computer coming into being here. Famous scientists associated with the university include Niels Bohr, Ernest Rutherford and Alan Turing. However, the university has also contributed in many other fields, and the mathematician Paul Erdős, the author Anthony Burgess, the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, the Pritzker Prize winning architect Norman Foster and the composer Peter Maxwell Davies all attended Manchester. Well-known figures among the current academic staff include literary critic Terry Eagleton and composer John Casken John Casken

Origins

The University's history is closely linked to Manchester's emergence as the world's first industrial city. John Dalton together with Manchester businessmen and industrialists established the Mechanics' Institute in 1824 to ensure that workers could learn the basic principles of science. Similarly, John Owens, a Manchester textile merchant, left a bequest of £96,942 in 1851 for the purpose of founding a college for the education of males on non-sectarian lines. Owens College was established and granted a Royal Charter in 1880 to become England's first civic university. By 1905 the two institutions were a large and active force in the area, with the Mechanics' Institute, the forerunner of the modern UMIST, forming a Faculty of Technology and working alongside the Victoria University of Manchester. This relationship worked to the advantage of all, not least the many students who received a first class education and the employers who benefitted from the knowledge and skills imparted by the two institutions.

Present

Manchester had a financial endowment in the top ten among UK universities at £90m, according to the Sutton Trust (2002). This is assumed to be much larger following the merger with UMIST in 2004. Despite its size The University of Manchester is divided into only four faculties, each sub-divided into schools
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences consisting of the Schools of Medicine; Dentistry; Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Psychological Sciences .
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences consisting of the Schools of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science; Chemistry; Computer Science; Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science; Physics and Astronomy; Electrical & Electronic Engineering; Materials; Mathematics; and Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering .
- Faculty of Humanities includes the School of Arts, Histories and Cultures (a rather catchall title incorporating Archaeology; Art History; Classics and Ancient History; Drama; English and American Studies; History; Music; and Religions and Theology). The other Schools are Education; Environment and Development; Informatics (formed from the UMIST Department of Computation); Languages, Linguistics and Cultures; Law; Business; and Social Sciences.
- Faculty of Life Sciences unusually consisting of a single school.

Campus and Facilities

The Main Campus of the University consists of two parts. The northern part, the former UMIST campus, is near Sackville Street, and the southern part, which was mainly the campus of the Victoria University of Manchester, in the vicinity of Oxford Road. In addition there are a number of further university buildings located throughout the city, and throughout the further region (such as Jodrell Bank Observatory and Tabley House, a stately home, both of which are in the nearby county of Cheshire). The university has adopted a policy of moving almost entirely to the Oxford Road site, with new buildings being constructed to accommodate staff and students from UMIST departments. It is not yet clear what will happen to the old UMIST sites, though there has been speculation that the BBC may occupy some of the space as it begins to implement recommendations of a review in 2004 which included the relocation of some key services from London to Manchester.

John Rylands Library

The University's library, John Rylands University Library of Manchester is the largest non-legal deposit library in the UK, and the country's third-largest academic library after those of Oxford and Cambridge. Of particular note is the John Rylands Library itself, founded in memory of John Rylands by his wife Enriqueta Augustina Rylands, situated in a very fine Victorian Gothic building. This site, on Deansgate in Manchester city centre houses an important collection of historic books and manuscripts, including the oldest extant New Testament document, Rylands Library Papyrus P52, the so-called St John's fragment. The Deansgate site is currently closed for major improvements and renovations, including the construction of the pitched roof originally intended.

Jodrell Bank

Rylands Library Papyrus P52 Jodrell Bank is the University's observatory, situated about ten miles west of Macclesfield. It has played an important role in the research of quasars and pulsars. In 1979, scientists at Jodrell Bank announced the first detection of a gravitational lens, which confirmed one of Einstein's theories.

Whitworth Art Gallery

Whitworth Art Gallery is home to internationally famous collections of British watercolours, textiles and wallpapers, as well as a range of modern and historic prints, drawings, paintings and sculpture. A programme of temporary exhibitions runs throughout the year, with the Mezzanine Court serving as a venue for showing sculpture.

Old Quadrangle

The buildings around the old quadrangle date from the time of Owens College, and were designed in a Gothic style by Alfred Waterhouse (and his son Paul Waterhouse). Today, the museum continues to occupy one side (including the tower) and the grand setting of Whitworth Hall is used for the conferment of degrees. The old Christie Library now houses Christie's Bistro, and the remainder of the buildings are used by administrative departments.

Manchester Museum

Manchester Museum provides access to about six million items from every continent of the globe. Butterflies and carvings from India; birds and bark-cloth from the Pacific; live frogs and ancient pottery from America; fossils and native art from Australia; mammals and ancient Egyptian craftsmanship from Africa; plants, coins and minerals from Europe; art from past civilisations of the Mediterranean; and beetles, armour and archery from Asia. The museum recently acquired a fossilised Tyrannosaurus rex called "Stan", which was unveiled on 4 November 2004.

Contact Theatre

The University's Contact Theatre stages largely modern live performance and participatory work for younger audiences. It is housed in an interesting fortress-style building on the Oxford Road, with a unique energy-efficient system, using its high towers. The colourful and curvaceous interior houses three performance spaces, the Deluxe lounge bar and Hot Air, a reactive public artwork in the foyer space.

Churches on Campus

There are a number of Churches on the University Campus, including the Catholic Chapliancy and the Manchester Central Salvation Army.

Mosques on Campus

There is a mosque on campus known as the Ambrose Building and is attended by many muslim students. The Islamic Society, known as ISOC, runs the facilaties and organises events.

The University of Manchester Students Union

The University of Manchester Students' Union represents many students in Manchester, including those from the former UMIST. There are now two Union buildings - the Steve Biko building inherited from the Victoria University of Manchester, and the Barnes Wallis building from UMIST. Manchester Academy, its own music venue, hosts top quality bands most nights of the week. The student newspaper is called Student Direct. The radio station, Fuse FM, broadcasts twice-yearly and also over the internet.

NHS Hospitals

The University of Manchester's medical school is the largest in Europe with over 500 medical students being trained in each year. The university's Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences has stong links with a large number of NHS hospitals in the north west of england and maintains presences in its four base hospitals. The base hospitals are Manchester Royal Infirmary (located at one end of the main university campus on Oxford Road) and Wythenshawe Hospitals, Salford's Hope Hospital and the Royal Preston Hospital as well as Keele hospital and all are used as hospital's for clinical medical training for doctors and nurses.

Residential Campuses

The Fallowfield Campus, situated 2 miles south of the main university campus, is the largest of the university's residential campuses. The Owens Park tower lies at the centre of it, with Oak House (Comprising of blocks called Holly, Sycamore, Beech, and Maple) being the other main Hall of Residence. Richmond park is a recent new addition to the campus. Whitworth Park is another large residential campus.

External links


- [http://www.manchester.ac.uk/ The University of Manchester]
- [http://www.umsu.man.ac.uk UMSU - The student union.]
- [http://www.student-direct.co.uk Student Direct - the student union newspaper.]
- [http://www.manchesteracademy.net Manchester Academy]
- [http://www.umsu.manchester.ac.uk/wikispectus/index.php/Main_Page Wikispectus - a wiki prospectus for the University of Manchester]
- [http://orgs.man.ac.uk/Catholic/ Catholic Chaplaincy]
- [http://www.mucjs.org/ Centre for Jewish Studies]
- [http://www.mms.org.uk/ Manchester Medical Society]
- [http://www.arts.manchester.ac.uk/martinharriscentre/searchevent3.php?subjectsearch=Music Martin Harris Centre for Music and Drama]
- [http://museum.man.ac.uk/ The Manchester Museum]
- [http://www.umsu.manchester.ac.uk/muisoc/isoc/ The Islamic Society of Manchester University] Category:Education in Greater Manchester Manchester, University of

All Souls College

All Souls College (in full: The College of All Souls of the Faithful Departed, of Oxford) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. All Souls is an oddity among Oxford colleges in that it has no students. Its members automatically become Fellows, i.e., full members of the College's governing body. Every year, the top finalists of the University are invited to sit the examination for fellowship of the College. About two are elected to fellowship each year. Fellowship of All Souls is thus regarded as one of the highest academic honours in the United Kingdom. These Fellows are known as Prize Fellows, their term of office is seven years and roughly a dozen are at the college at any one time. Other categories of fellowship include Senior Research Fellows, Post-Doctoral Research Fellows, Fifty-Pound Fellows (open only to former Fellows no longer holding posts in Oxford) and Distinguished Fellows. There are also many Professorial Fellows who hold their fellowships by reason of their University post. It is one of the wealthiest colleges with an estimated financial endowment of £144m (2003).

History

The College was founded by Henry VI of England and Henry Chichele (fellow of New College and Archbishop of Canterbury), in 1438. The Statutes provided for the Warden and forty fellows - all to take Holy Orders; twenty-four to study arts, philosophy and theology; and sixteen to study civil or canon law. Today the College is primarily an academic research institution. 1438

Customs

Every hundred years there is a commemorative feast after which the fellows parade around the College with flaming torches, singing the Mallard Song ¹ and led by a "Lord Mallard" who is carried in a chair, in search of a fictional giant mallard that supposedly flew out of the foundations of the college when it was being built. The last mallard ceremony was in 2001 and the next will be held in 2101. :¹ Chorus: Hough the bloud of King Edward, By ye bloud of King Edward, It was a swapping, swapping mallard! (Compare with Terry Pratchett's cruel but accurate parody, the Hedgehog Song.)

Fellows


- Isaiah Berlin
- George Nathaniel Curzon
- Robin Briggs
- David Caute
- Professor David Dilks
- Sheppard Frere
- Michael Howard (historian)
- Susan Hurley
- Thomas Linacre
- Derek Parfit
- Anthony Quinton
- John Redwood
- Peter Salway
- Gilbert Sheldon
- Bernard Williams
- Guenter Treitel
- T.E. Lawrence
- Llewellyn Woodward :See also Fellows of All Souls

Those who tried and were disappointed


- John Buchan
- Hilaire Belloc
- H. L. A. Hart

External links


- [http://www.all-souls.ox.ac.uk/ Official Website] Category:Colleges of the University of Oxford

A. L. Rowse

Alfred Leslie Rowse, CH (December 4, 1903 – October 3, 1997), known professionally as A. L. Rowse and to his friends and family as Leslie, was a British historian best known for his poetry about Cornwall and his work on Elizabethan England. He was also a Shakespearean scholar and a biographer. He developed a widespread reputation for irascibility and intellectual arrogance.

Life

Alfred Leslie Rowse was born in Tregonissey near St Austell, Cornwall, the son of Dick Rowse, a china clay miner, and Annie (née Vaston). His parents were very poor and virtually illiterate. Despite this handicap and fragile health, he attended St. Austell grammar school and won a scholarship to Christ Church College, Oxford in 1921. He had planned to study literature, having developed an early love of poetry, but was persuaded to read modern history. Whilst an undergraduate he developed a reputation for his devotion to speaking precisely correct English and for his candour about his homosexual behaviour. He was a popular student and made many friendships that lasted for life. He graduated with first class honours in 1925 and was made a Fellow of All Souls College; the first such Fellow from a working class background. was awarded his Master of Arts degree in 1929. In 1927 he became a lecturer at Merton College and stayed there until 1930. In 1931 contested the parliamentary seat of Penryn and Falmouth for the Labour Party but he was unsuccessful and became a lecturer at the London School of Economics until the next election (in 1935). He was again unsuccessful and returned to Oxford as Sub-Warden of the All Souls but was defeated in his election as Warden in 1952, shortly after which he retired to Trenarren, his Cornish home, for the remainder of his life. He received a doctorate (D. Litt.) from the university in 1953. After delivering the British Academy's 1957 Raleigh Lecture on History about Sir Richard Grenville's place in English history he became a Fellow of the Academy in 1958. Despite his academic and social success, he remained proud of his working-class origins. He published 105 books and with the publication of the first volume of his autobiography in 1942 Rowse became a celebrity and travelled widely, especially in the United States. He also published many popular articles in newspapers and magazines in England and the United States. He became known for his brilliance, his knack for the sensational and his academic boldness (which some considered to be irresponsible carelessness). One of his great enthusiasms was collecting books and he owned many first editions although most of them were annotated ascerbically. His copy of the January 1924 edition of The Adelphi magazine edited by John Middleton Murry bears a pecilled note after Murry's poem In Memory of Katherine Mansfield: 'Sentimental gush on the part of JMM. And a bad poem. A.L.R.' Rowse was a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society. He was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of Exeter in 1960, was elected to Athenaeum under Rule II in 1972, received the Benson Medal of the Royal Society of Literature in 1982 and was made a Companion of Honour in 1996. Upon his death in 1997 he bequeathed to the University of Exeter his collection of books, and his personal archive of manuscripts, diaries, and correspondence. In 1998 the University Librarian selected about sixty books from Rowse’s own working library and a complete set of his published books. The Royal Institution of Cornwall selected some of the remaining books, and the rest were sold through a London book dealer.

Work

Rowse contributed poetry to student magazines. He had verse in Oxford 1923 nand continued to write poetry throughout his life. His first book was On History, A Study of Present Tendencies published in 1927 as the seventh volume of Kegan Paul's Psyche Miniature General Series. In 1931 he contributed to T. S. Eliot's quarterly review The Criterion. In 1935 he co-edited Charles Henderson's Essays in Cornish History for the Clarendon Press. His early works focus on sixteenth century England and Rowse's first full-length historical monograph, Sir Richard Grenville of the Revenge (1937), was a biography of a sixteenth century sailor. His next was Tudor Cornwall (1941), a lively detailed accountt of Cornish society in the 16th century. He consolidated his reputation with a one-volume general history of England, The Spirit of English History (1943), but his most important work was the historical trilogy The Elizabethan Age: The England of Elizabeth (1950), The Expansion of Elizabethan England (1955), and The Elizabethan Renaissance (1971-72), respectively examine the society, overseas exploration, and culture of late sixteenth century England. In 1963 Rowse began to concentrate on Shakespeare, starting with a biography in which he claimed to have dated all the sonnets, identified Marlowe as the suitor's rival and solved all but one of the other problems posed by the sonnets. His failure to acknowledge the work of other scholars ot the assumptions behind some of his conclusions alienated some of his peers but he garnered popular acclaim. In 1973 he published Shakespeare the Man, in which he claimed to have solved the final problem: the identity of the sonnets' 'Dark Lady'. From a close reading of the sonnets and the diaries of Simon Forman he asserted that she must be Emilia Bassano Lanier, whose poems he would later collect. In 1976, he used Forman's diaries again as the basis of a another book: Sex and Society in the Elizabethan Age. Rowse completed his studies of Shakespeare with an annotated edition of the complete works (1978). Human sexuality was the subject of another high profile book in the 1970s: Homosexuals In History (1977). But Rowse was no gay partisan. He resisted the prevailing academic suggestions that the sonnets were written to a gay lover, asserting (for he never proposed or suggested) that Shakespeare was "a strongly sexed heterosexual […] more than a little interested in women—for an Englishman." He wrote other biographies of English historical and literary figures and many other histories. His bestselling autobiography appeared in several volumes, starting with A Cornish Childhood (1942) and ending with whimsical stories of Cornwall in the 1980s. His last book, disdainful accounts of Historians I Have Known, was published in 1995. During his later years, Rowse moved increasingly towards the political right, and many considered him to be part of the Tory tradition by the time he died. Rowse wrote a series of books and articles in the 1950s and 1960s condemning appeasement as a consequence of the degeneration of part of Britain's elite. During this period, Rowse broke with his former friend A. J. P. Taylor and became one of Taylor's most bitter critics.

Selected works


- On History, A Study of Present Tendencies, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., 1927)
- Science and History: A New View of History, (London: W. W. Norton, 1928)
- Queen Elizabeth and her Subjects, (London: Allen & Unwin, 1935)
- Mr. Keynes and the Labour Movement, (1936)
- Sir Richard Grenville of the Revenge, (London: Jonathan Cape, 1937)
- Tudor Cornwall (1941)
- A Cornish Childhood (1942)
- The Spirit of English History (1943)
- West-Country Stories, (London: Macmillan, 1945)
- The Use of History (1946)
- Teach Yourself History, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1946)
- The England of Elizabeth (1950)
- An Elizabethan Garland (1953)
- The Expansion of Elizabethan England, (1955)
- The Churchills; From the Death of Marlborough to the Present, (1958).
- All Souls and Appeasement : a contribution to contemporary history, (1961).
- Appeasement : a study in political decline, 1933-1939, (1961).
- William Shakespeare: A Biography, (London: Macmillan, 1963)
- Christopher Marlowe: a biography (1964)
- A Cornishman at Oxford (1965) (autobiography)
- Bosworth Field and the Wars of the Roses (1966)
- A Cornish Anthology (1968)
- The Cousin Jacks (1969)
- The Elizabethan Renaissance (London: Macmillan, 1971) ISBN 0333125347
- Shakespeare The Man, (London: Macmillan, 1973)
- Peter, The White Cat of Trenarren, (1974)
- A Cornishman Abroad, (London: Jonathan Cape, 1976)
- Brown Buck : a Californian fantasy, (1976).
- Matthew Arnold: Poet and Prophet, (London: Thames & Hudson, 1976)
- Homosexuals In History, (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977) ISBN 0297772996
- The Byrons and the Trevanions, (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1978)
- Stories From Tenarren, (Kimber, 1986)
- The Poet Auden: A Personal Memoir, (London: Weidenfield & Nicholson, 1987).
- All Souls in My Time, (1993)
- Historians I Have Known (1995)

References


- Sydney Cauveren, A.L. Rowse: A Bibliophile's Extensive Bibliography, (2000)
- Valerie Jacob, Tregonissey to Trenarren, (St. Austell: Valerie Jacob, 2001)
- Richard Ollard, A man of contradictions, (London: Allen Lane, 1999)
- Richard Ollard, The Diaries of A. L. Rowse, (London: Allen Lane, 2003)
- James Whetter, Dr. A. L. Rowse, (Gorran, St. Austell: Lyfrow Trelyspen, 2003) Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, Alfred Rowse, A. L. Rowse, A. L. Rowse, A. L.

Oxford History of England

The Oxford History of England is one of the most prominent and acclaimed modern history series, written by many of the then-leading historians of each period. The series was commissioned by Oxford University Press and edited by Sir George Clark, with the first volume (his own The Later Stuarts, 1660-1714) appearing in