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DVD

DVD

DVD je optički disk, koji se može koristiti za pohranjivanje podataka, uključujući filmove sa visokim video i audio kvalitetom. DVD-ovi su slični CD-ovima: prečnik od 12 cm ili 8 cm (mini),ali DVD-ovi se dekodiraju u različit format i pri mnogo većoj gustoći. Za razliku od CD-ova, svi DVD-ovi moraju imati sistem datoteka. Ovaj sistem datoteka se zove UDF, koja je produžetak ISO 9660 standarda. Category:Hardver Category:Računarstvo

CD

CD je skraćenica za Compact Disc ili kompaktni disk. CD je optički zapis koji je razvijen u kasnim 1970-tim godinama i prvotno je služio samo kao medij za muziku, kasnije se medij razvio za spremanje podataka na računaru, tako da je danas standardni dio računara. Pojavom DVD-a 1996. dobili smo novi standard koji na mediju iste veličine (120 mm) čuva sadržaj 6 ili više CD-ova, pa se s padom cijena uređaja i medija može očekivati zamjena CD-a s DVD-ovima u svijetu računara.

Historija razvoja i upotrebe

CD kao proizvod razvili su zajedno Philips i Sony, Philips je osmislio proizvodni proces (idejno baziran na Laserdisc-u, koji se nije proslavio s medijima promjera 18-30 cm), a Sony je usavršio korekciju grešaka pri čitanju CD medija, čime je proizvod bio spreman za tržište. Masovna proizvodnja je krenula 1982. godine.

Principi

CD je okrugli plastični disk promjera 120 mm i debljine 1.2 mm. Osim tog uobičajenog formata koji po standardu čuva 650 MB podataka ili 74 minute glazbe ("produžena" verzija je 700 MB i 80 minuta), postoji i manji format promjera 80 mm (mini-CD). Ponekad se može vidjeti mini-CD izrezan u formatu posjetnice, izrađen u prezentacijske svrhe.

Vrste medija


- CD-DA
- CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) CD-ROM koristimo za čitanje podataka (podaci se snimaju u tvornici)
- CD-ROM/XA
- CD-I
- CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable) CD-R koristimo za čitanje i pisanje podataka (svaki korisnik koji ima CD-R uređaj i odgovarajući medij može i zapisati podatke na njega - jednokratno)
- CD-RW (Compact Disk ReWritable) CD-RW koristimo za čitanje i pisanje podataka - višekratno

Standardi

Organizacija koja proglašava i usaglašava standarde za optički zapis je Optical Storage Technology Association (OSTA). Standardi zapisa
- ISO 9660
- HFS - Hierarchical File System
- Joliet File System
- UDF - Universal Disk Format
- VCD - Video CD Format
- CD+G - Compact Disc + Graphics
- CD TEXT Format Category:RačunarstvoCategory:SkraćeniceCategory:Hardver ja:コンパクトディスク

Category:Računarstvo

U ovoj kategoriji se nalaze pojmovi vezani za računarstvo i informatiku.

512-bit Era

The seventh generation era (sometimes referred to as the HD era or the Touch! Generation) is a video game era in the history of computer and video games that began towards the end of 2004, but isn't set to really take off until late 2005/early 2006 with the release of new video game consoles from Microsoft, Nintendo, and Sony, the three current major console manufacturers. For video game handhelds, the seventh generation began roughly with the release of Nintendo's Nintendo DS, a system based on a design fundamentally different from the Game Boy and other video game systems where the user is able to control the movement of characters and the action in a game through the use of a touch screen and dual screens. It was released in late 2004. In late 2004 Sony released their first handheld in Japan, the PlayStation Portable to try and challenge Nintendo's long time dominance in the handheld market. It subsequently was released in North America and remaining regions in 2005. The PSP is the first handheld to have an optical media. Also in 2005 was the release of the Gizmondo from Tiger Telematics and the GP2X from Gamepark Holdings.

The HD era

Microsoft has dubbed this era, at least for their video game console, as the high-definition (HD) era. Both consoles by Sony and Microsoft will support HD output in 720p and 1080i optimized for 16:9 aspect ratio. In addition, Sony has announced that the PlayStation 3 will have support for 1080p, a higher-level HD resolution that has not yet been fully realised. Nintendo's vice president of marketing Perrin Kaplan, however, has stated that the Nintendo Revolution will not support HD. The company does not feel HD is as important, and instead has dubbed this era the Touch! Generation.

Video game systems

Video game consoles

The seventh generation of video game consoles began with the Xbox 360, which was released November 22nd, 2005. The next Nintendo unit (codenamed Nintendo Revolution) and the PlayStation 3 are due out in 2006. No specific release dates have been announced for the PS3 or the Nintendo Revolution.
Image:X360 Console-Controller.png|Microsoft Xbox 360
2005 - Present Image:Revcon screen001.jpg|Nintendo Revolution
2006 Image:Ps3main.jpg|Sony PlayStation 3
2006

Video game handheld

Video game handhelds released during the seventh generation era include:
Image:GP2X.jpg|GP2X
November 2005 Image:Nintendo ds touch.jpg|Nintendo DS
2004–Present Image:PlayStation Portable.jpg|Sony PlayStation Portable
2004–Present Image:Gizmondo.jpg|Tiger Telematics Gizmondo
2005–Present

External links


- [http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/hardware/revolution.ars Waiting on a Revolution: a look ahead at the next-generation console wars] - In-depth analysis and comparison of all next-generation hardware. Category:History of computer and video games

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