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| Byron Lichtenberg |
Byron LichtenbergByron K. Lichtenberg, Sc. D.
Payload Specialist
Personal data
Born February 19, 1948 in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. Married with 5 children, 2 adopted Chinese daughters. He is a U.S. citizen.
Education
- Sc.B., aerospace engineering, Brown University (1969)
- S.M., mechanical engineering, MIT (1975)
- Sc.D., biomedical engineering, MIT (1979)
- Sc.D., Westminster College (honorary)
Awards
- NASA Space Flight Medal (2)
- AIAA Haley Space Flight Award
- FAI Komorov Award.
Organizations
Founding Member:
- Association of Space Explorers
- X-Prize Foundation
- International Space University
Member:
- User Panel for National Space Biomedical Research Institute
- Tau Beta Pi (honorary engineering society)
- Sigma Xi (honorary scientific society).
Experience
From 1978 to 1984 he was a Research the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)/Canadian Vestibular experiments on Spacelab 1, Spacelab D-1, Spacelab SLS-1 and SLS-2, and a Co-principal investigator for the Mental Workload and Performance experiment flown on IML-1 to assess human-computer workstation characteristics for the Space Station.
He was a Founder of Payload Systems, Inc., a company that has provided hardware and flight support for MODE and MACE experiments for the Space Shuttle and ISS. They also were the first commercial user of the Mir Space Station, flying protein crystal growth experiments to Mir in the early 1990s. He is now President of Zero Gravity Corporation, founded to make parabolic, weightless aircraft flights available to the general public. He was an Air Force fighter pilot for 23 years, flying the F-4, F-100, and A-10. Survived 238 combat missions during the Vietnam War, and received 2 Distinguished Flying Crosses, 10 Air Medals, and numerous other decorations. Currently flies as a Captain for a Southwest Airlines.
Space flight experience
Lichtenberg was the first Payload specialist. He flew on Spacelab-1 (STS-9) mission (10 days in 1983), conducted multiple experiments in life sciences, materials sciences, Earth observations, astronomy and solar physics, upper atmosphere and plasma physics. His second flight was ATLAS-1 (STS-45) Spacelab mission (9 days in 1992); conducted 13 experiments in Atmospheric sciences and astronomy. He has flown 310 orbits, and has logged 468 hours in space.
OCTOBER 2002
Source [http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/lichtenberg-bk.html]
Lichtenberg, Byron K.
Lichtenberg, Byron K.
February 19
February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 315 days remaining, 316 in leap years.
Events
- 197 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
- 607 - Boniface III becomes Pope.
- 1594 - Having already inherited the throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth through his mother Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, Sigismund III of the House of Vasa is crowned King of Sweden, succeeding his father John III of Sweden.
- 1674 - England and the Netherlands sign the Peace of Westminster, ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War. A provision of the agreement transfers the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam to England, which renamed it New York.
- 1807 - In Alabama, Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr is arrested for treason.
- 1819 - British explorer William Smith discovers the South Shetland Islands, and claims them in the name of King George III.
- 1846 - In Austin, Texas the newly-formed Texas state government is officially installed.
- 1847 - The Donner Party is rescued. It is noted that some of the survivors seem to be remarkably well-fed considering their ordeal.
- 1852 - The Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.
- 1861 - Serfdom is abolished in Russia.
- 1878 - The phonograph is patented by Thomas Edison.
- 1881 - Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.
- 1913 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time.
- 1915 - World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli began.
- 1937 - During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, two Eritrean nationalists attempt to kill viceroy Rodolfo Graziani with a number of grenades. The Italian security guard fire into the crowd of Ethiopian onlookers, and over the passing weeks indiscriminately slaughter native Ethiopians in reprisal.
- 1941 - World War II: The Afrika Korps, the corps-level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in North Africa, was formed.
- 1942 - World War II: About 150 Japanese warplanes attack Darwin, Australia.
- 1942 - World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the executive order 9066, allowing the United States military to relocate Japanese-Americans to Japanese internment camps.
- 1943 - World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia begins.
- 1945 - World War II: Battle of Iwo Jima - about 30,000 United States Marines land on Iwo Jima.
- 1949 - Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.
- 1953 - Censorship: Georgia approves the first literature censorship board in the United States.
- 1959 - The United Kingdom grants Cyprus its independence, which is then on formally proclaimed on August 16, 1960.
- 1964 - Paul Simon writes "The Sounds of Silence," the song which, in a year and a half, will catapult him and Art Garfunkel to stardom as Simon & Garfunkel.
- 1985 - Artificial heart patient William J. Schroeder becomes the first such patient to leave hospital.
- 1985 - A Spanish Boeing 747 crashes into Mount Oiz in Spain, killing 148.
- 1985 - EastEnders first airs on televisions across the United Kingdom, on the first night of a major ident change for BBC1.
- 1986 - The Soviet Union launches the Mir space station.
- 1986 - After waiting 37 years, the United States Senate approves a treaty outlawing genocide.
- 1999 - Dennis Franz receives a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
- 2001 - A Oklahoma City bombing museum is dedicated at the Oklahoma City National Memorial.
- 2002 - NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.
- 2004 - Nazi-hunter Simon Wiesenthal is awarded an honorary knighthood in recognition of a "lifetime of service to humanity."
- 2005 - Paris Hilton's Sidekick II is hacked online via her online T-Mobile account.
Births
- 1473 - Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer (d. 1543)
- 1526 - Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609)
- 1552 - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal and statesman (d. 1630)
- 1630 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (d. 1680)
- 1660 - Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (d. 1742)
- 1717 - David Garrick, English actor (d. 1779)
- 1722 - Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (d. 1774)
- 1743 - Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer (d. 1805)
- 1802 - Wilhelm Matthias Naeff, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1881)
- 1804 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, German physician (d. 1878)
- 1804 - David Wark, Canadian politician and Senator (d. 1905)
- 1821 - August Schleicher, German linguist (d. 1868)
- 1833 - Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1906)
- 1859 - Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1927)
- 1865 - Sven Hedin, Swedish explorer (d. 1952)
- 1876 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957)
- 1877 - Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962)
- 1888 - José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928)
- 1893 - Sir Cedric Hardwicke, British actor (d. 1964)
- 1895 - Louis Calhern, American actor (d. 1956)
- 1899 - Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (d. 1960)
- 1900 - Giorgos Seferis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- 1902 - Kay Boyle, American writer (d. 1992)
- 1911 - Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
- 1912 - Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979)
- 1914 - Jacques Dufilho, French comedian and actor (d. 2005)
- 1916 - Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (d. 1997)
- 1917 - Carson McCullers, American author (d. 1967)
- 1920 - Jaan Kross, Estonian writer
- 1920 - George Rose, British music hall entertainer (d. 1988)
- 1924 - David Bronstein, Ukrainian chess player
- 1924 - Lee Marvin, American actor (d. 1987)
- 1930 - John Frankenheimer, American film director (d. 2002)
- 1940 - Smokey Robinson, American musician
- 1940 - Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan
- 1941 - David Gross, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1942 - Paul Krause, American football player
- 1943 - Lou Christie, American singer
- 1943 - Tim Hunt, British biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- 1945 - Michael Nader, American actor
- 1946 - Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)
- 1948 - Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician (d. 2002)
- 1948 - Tony Iommi, British musician (Black Sabbath)
- 1949 - Dan Bunten, American software developer (d. 1998)
- 1951 - Stephen Nichols, American actor
- 1951 - Tahir-ul-Qadri, Islamic scholar and leader
- 1952 - Amy Tan, American novelist
- 1953 - Massimo Troisi, Italian actor (d. 1994)
- 1954 - Socrates, Brazilian footballer
- 1955 - Jeff Daniels, American actor
- 1955 - Margaux Hemingway, American model and actress (d. 1996)
- 1956 - Roderick MacKinnon, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- 1957 - Falco, Austrian singer (d. 1998)
- 1957 - Ray Winstone, British actor
- 1960 - Andrew, Duke of York
- 1962 - Hana Mandlikova, Czech tennis player
- 1963 - Seal, English singer
- 1964 - Dmitri Lipskerov, Russian writer
- 1966 - Justine Bateman, American actress
- 1966 - Paul Haarhuis, Dutch tennis player
- 1967 - Benicio Del Toro, Puerto Rican actor
- 1969 - Burton C. Bell, American vocalist (Fear Factory)
- 1983 - Vitas, Russian singer
- 1985 - Haylie Duff, American singer and actress
- 1986 - Reon Kadena, Japanese model and actress
- 1986 - Maria Mena, Norwegian singer
Deaths
- 197 - Clodius Albinus, Roman governor of Britain
- 1133 - Irene Ducaena, wife of Alexius I Comnenus (b. 1066)
- 1553 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)
- 1605 - Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (b. 1550)
- 1602 - Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercoeur, French soldier (b. 1558)
- 1620 - Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (b. 1547)
- 1622 - Henry Savile, English educator (b. 1549)
- 1653 - Luigi de Rossi, Italian composer (b. 1597)
- 1663 - Adam Adami, German bishop and diplomat (b. 1603)
- 1670 - King Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)
- 1672 - Charles Chauncy, English-born president of Harvard College (b. 1592)
- 1709 - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (b. 1646)
- 1716 - Dorthe Engelbrechtsdatter, Norwegian poet (b. 1634)
- 1789 - Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (b. 1738)
- 1799 - Jean-Charles de Borda, French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor (b. 1733)
- 1806 - Elizabeth Carter, English writer (b. 1717)
- 1837 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (b. 1813)
- 1887 - Multatuli, Dutch writer (b. 1820)
- 1897 - Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (b. 1815)
- 1916 - Ernst Mach, Austrian-Czech physicist and philosopher (b. 1838)
- 1927 - Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (b. 1847)
- 1936 - Billy Mitchell, American general and military aviation pioneer (b. 1879)
- 1936 - Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)
- 1942 - Frank Abbandando, American gangster (executed) (b. 1910)
- 1951 - André Gide, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
- 1952 - Knut Hamsun, Norwegian author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
- 1969 - Madge Blake, American actress (b. 1899)
- 1972 - John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (b. 1898)
- 1972 - Tedd Pierce, American animator (b. 1906)
- 1973 - Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist (b. 1892)
- 1975 - Luigi Dallapiccola, Italian composer (b. 1904)
- 1980 - Bon Scott, Australian musician (AC/DC) (b. 1946)
- 1983 - Alice White, American film actress (b. 1904)
- 1986 - Adolfo Celi, Italian actor (b. 1922)
- 1988 - André Frédéric Cournand, French-born physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1895)
- 1994 - Derek Jarman, British Film Director (b. 1942)
- 1997 - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese Communist leader and revolutionary (b. 1904)
- 1997 - Charles O. Finley, American sports entrepreneur (b. 1918)
- 1997 - Leo Rosten, American Yiddish writer and humorist (b. 1908)
- 1998 - Grandpa Jones, American banjo player and comedian (b. 1913)
- 1999 - Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr, Iraqi Shiite leader (assissinated)
- 2000 - Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian artist (b. 1928)
- 2001 - Priscilla Davis, American socialite (b. 1942)
- 2001 - Stanley Kramer, American director (b. 1913)
- 2001 - Charles Trenet, French singer (b. 1913)
- 2003 - Johnny Paycheck, American singer (b. 1938)
Holidays and observances
- Chaoflux (Discordianism)
- Astrology: First day of sun sign Pisces
External links
- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/19 BBC: On This Day]
- [http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/20050219.html The New York Times: On This Day]
----
February 18 - February 20 - January 19 - March 19 -- listing of all days
ko:2월 19일
ja:2月19日
simple:February 19
th:19 กุมภาพันธ์
Stroudsburg, PennsylvaniaStroudsburg is a borough located in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, 53 miles (85 km) southeast of Scranton, on the Analomink River. It is five miles (8 km) from the famous Delaware Water Gap. In 1900, 3,450 people inhabited Stroudsburg; in 1910, 4,379; and in 1940, 6,186 people lived here. As of the 2000 census, the borough had a total population of 5,756. It is the county seat of Monroe County.
Geography
Stroudsburg is located at 40°59'9" North, 75°11'43" West (40.985764, -75.195352).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 4.7 km² (1.8 mi²). 4.6 km² (1.8 mi²) of it is land and 0.1 km² (0.04 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.67% water.
__________________________________________
The introductory statement for Stroudsburg, PA, above the Geography section contains an error. It presently reads: --Stroudsburg is a borough located in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, 53 miles (85 km) southeast of Scranton, on the Analomink River. It is five miles (8 km) from the famous Delaware Water Gap. In 1900, 3,450 people inhabited Stroudsburg; in 1910, 4,379; and in 1940, 6,186 people lived here. As of the 2000 census, the borough had a total population of 5,756. It is the county seat of Monroe CountyGR6.--
Analomink River is incorrect. The correct information is: it is located at the confluence of the Brodhead and Pocono creeks.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 5,756 people, 2,422 households, and 1,237 families residing in the borough. The population density is 1,255.6/km² (3,245.1/mi²). There are 2,630 housing units at an average density of 573.7/km² (1,482.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the borough is 86.61% White, 6.45% African American, 0.21% Native American, 1.89% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 2.26% from other races, and 2.59% from two or more races. 6.95% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 2,422 households out of which 25.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.8% are married couples living together, 13.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 48.9% are non-families. 34.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 16.2% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 2.98.
In the borough the population is spread out with 21.2% under the age of 18, 15.0% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 35 years. For every 100 females there are 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 83.2 males.
The median income for a household in the borough is $32,409, and the median income for a family is $47,500. Males have a median income of $31,952 versus $26,863 for females. The per capita income for the borough is $18,965. 19.3% of the population and 9.6% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 20.2% of those under the age of 18 and 11.3% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
External links
Category:Monroe County, Pennsylvania
Category:Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Chinese peopleThe term Chinese people may refer to any of the following:
- Han Chinese, sometimes referred to as "ethnic Chinese"
- ethnic groups of China (with list)
- overseas Chinese
- zhonghua minzu (Chinese nationality), a concept incorporating ethnic minorities with Han Chinese
See also:
- list of Chinese people
1969
1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday
:For other uses, see Number 1969.
:For the movie, see 1969 (movie).
:For the Velvet Underground live album, see 1969: The Velvet Underground Live.
Events
January
- January 1 - Australian media baron Rupert Murdoch purchases the largest selling British Sunday newspaper The News Of The World
- January 3 - Pele scores his 1000th goal
- January 5 - The Derry Riots leave over 100 people injured
- January 10 - After 147 years, the last issue of the Saturday Evening Post is published
- January 12 - Super Bowl III: the New York Jets defeat the Baltimore Colts
- January 14 - An explosion aboard the USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 25
- January 15 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 5
- January 16 - Ten paintings defaced in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art
- January 16 - Student Jan Palach sets himself on fire in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union. Three days later he dies.
- January 20 - Richard Nixon succeeds Lyndon Johnson as President of the United States of America
- January 24 - Martial Law declared in Madrid, the University is closed and over 300 students are arrested
- January 27 - 14 men, nine of them Jews, were executed in Baghdad for spying for Israel
- January 27 - Reverend Ian Paisley, hardline Protestant leader in Northern Ireland, is jailed for three months for illegal assembly.
- January 30 - The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records. The impromptu concert was broken up by the police
February
- February 1 - Birth, in Paris, France, of Denis Cheyrouze, French media guru.
- February 4 - In Cairo Yasser Arafat is appointed Palestinian Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress and takes command the next day
- February 8 - The last issue of the Saturday Evening Post hits magazine stands
- February 13 - FLQ terrorists bomb the Stock Exchange in Montreal, Quebec
- February 24 - Launch of the Mariner 6 Mars probe
- February 24 - Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (Case against pure speech in schools)
- February 25 - George Jones marries Tammy Wynette
March
- March 1 - Major league baseballer Mickey Mantle announces his retirement.
- March 1 - During a performance at Miami's Dinner Key Auditorium, Jim Morrison of the Doors is arrested for exposing himself during the show. Morrison is officially charged with lewd and lascivious behavior, indecent behavior, open profanity and public drunkenness.
- March 1 - John Kerry officially leaves active duty in Vietnam
- March 2 - In Toulouse, France the first Concorde test flight is conducted
- March 2 - Soviet and Chinese forces clash at a border outpost on the Ussuri River
- March 3 - In a Los Angeles, California court, Sirhan Sirhan admits that he killed presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy
- March 3 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 9 to test the lunar module
- March 10 - In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. Ray would later retract his guilty plea
- March 13 - Apollo program: Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module
- March 17 - Golda Meir of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, becomes Prime Minister of Israel
- March 17 - The Longhope lifeboat in Scotland is lost, the entire crew of eight die.
- March 19 - British paratroopers and Marines land on the island of Anguilla.
- March 28 - Dwight D Eisenhower dies after a long illness in the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC.
April
- April 1 - The Hawker Siddeley Harrier enters service with the RAF
- April 4 - Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary artificial heart
- April 13 - Queensland: The final day of the Brisbane Tramways after 84 years of operation.
- April 20 - British troops arrive in Northern Ireland to reinforce the Royal Ulster Constabulary.
- April 22 - Robin Knox-Johnston becomes the first person to sail around the world solo without stopping
- April 28 - General de Gaulle steps down as president of France after having suffered a defeat in a referendum the day before.
- April 29 - First anniversary of the Broadway production of the musical Hair is celebrated with free concert at Wollman Skating Rink
May
- May 10 - Zip to Zap, a harbringer of the Woodstock Concert, ends with dispersal and eviction of youth and young adults at Zap, North Dakota by the National Guard.
- May 10 - The Battle of Dong Ap Bia, also known as the Hamburger Hill, begins in Vietnam War
- May 13 - May 13th Incident: Race riots occur in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- May 16 - Venera program: Venera 5, a Soviet spaceprobe, lands on Venus
- May 17 - Venera program: Soviet Venera 6 begins to descend into Venus' atmosphere sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure
- May 17 - Tom McClean completes the first solo transatlantic crossing by a rowboat
- May 18 - Apollo program: Apollo 10 launches
- May 19-20 - French Foreign Legion paratroopers land onto Kolwezi, Zaire, to rescue Europeans in a middle of a civil war
- May 20 - National Guard helicopters spray skin-stinging powder on anti-war protesters in California
- May 22 - Apollo program: Apollo 10's lunar module flies within 15,400 m of the moon's surface
- May 26 - Apollo program: Apollo 10 returns to earth after a successful eight-day test of all the components needed for the upcoming first manned moon landing
- May 26-June 2: John Lennon and Yoko Ono conduct their Bed-In at the Queen Elizabeth Hotel in Montreal, Quebec, and record the song "Give Peace a Chance."
- May 29 - Mashina Vremeni Russian rock band official birthday
- May 30 - Riots in Curaçao, marking the start for a movement for Afro-Caribbean civil rights on the island.
June
- June 2 - In Ottawa, Canada the National Arts Centre opens its doors to the public for the first time
- June 2 - Australian aircraft carrier Melbourne collides with the US destroyer Frank E. Evans in the South China Sea - 74 US sailors dead
- June 8 - After the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) cancels the program, the last Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour airs
- June 8 - President Nixon and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet at Midway Island. Nixon announced that 25,000 U.S. troops would be withdrawn by September.
- June 20 - Georges Pompidou elected President of France
- June 23 - Warren E. Burger is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States by retiring chief Earl Warren.
- June 24 - United Kingdom and Rhodesia sever diplomatic ties
- June 28 - The Stonewall riots mark the start of the modern gay rights movement in the U.S.
July
gay rights movement
- July 5 – Assassination of Mboya, Kenyan Minister of Development
- July 7 - French is made equal to English throughout the Canadian national government
- July 8 - Vietnam War: The very first U.S. troop withdrawals are made
- July 10 - Trimaran the Teignmouth Electron of Donald Crowhurst is found drifting and unoccupied - Crowhurst might have committed suicide
- July 14 - Football War - after Honduras loses a soccer game against El Salvador, rioting breaks out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers. Of the 300,000 Salvadorean workers in Honduras, tens of thousands are expelled, prompting a brief Salvadoran invasion of Honduras. The OAS works out a cease-fire on July 18, taking effect on July 20
- July 18 - Ted Kennedy drives off a bridge on his way home from a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts. Mary Jo Kopechne, a former campaign aide to his brother who was in the car with him, dies in the incident
- July 20 - Apollo program: The human race, represented by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, lands on the Moon. Apollo 11 lifted off for the moon on July 16 and returned safely on July 24
- July 25 - Vietnam War: US President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This was the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war
- July 30 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyen Van Thieu and with US military commanders
- July 31 - Halfpenny ceases to be legal tender in the UK
August
- August 4 - Vietnam War: At the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, US representative Henry Kissinger and North Vietnamese representative Xuan Thuy begin secret peace negotiations. The negotiations will eventually fail
- August 5 - Mariner program: Mariner 7 makes its closest fly-by of Mars (3,524 kilometers)
- August 8 - Fire in the Bannerman's Castle in the Hudson River - most of the roof collapses
- August 9 - Members of a cult led by Charles Manson murder five people including Sharon Tate, Jay Sebring and, Abigail Folger. The next day The Family would murder Rosemary and Leno LaBianca
- August 10 - Manson family kills Leno and Rosemary LaBianca
- August 12 - Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, makes a speech to the United Nations in which he asks them to deploy a peace-keeping mission in Northern Ireland.
- August 13 - Serious border clash between Soviet Union and People's Republic of China
- August 14 - British troops deployed in Northern Ireland
- August 15 - The Woodstock Festival of music begins in upstate New York lasting three days and featuring some of the top rock musicians of the era
- August 17 - Category 5 Hurricane Camille hits the Mississippi coast killing 248 people and causing US$1.5 billion in damage (1969 dollars)
- August 21 - Part of the al-Aqsa Mosque is destroyed by arson
September
- September 1 - A coup in Libya oust King Idris and brings Col. Moammar Qaddafi to power
- September 2 - The first automatic teller machine in the United States is installed in Rockville Centre, New York.
- September 5 - My Lai Massacre: Lt. William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai
- September 22 - 25 Islamic conference in Rabat, Morocco after al-Aqsa Mosque fire (Augusr 21) condemns Israeli occupation of Jerusalem
- September 28 - Social Democrats and Free Democratic Party have received a majority of votes in the German parliamentary elections and decide to form a common government
October
- October 1 - In Sweden, Olof Palme is elected Labour party leader, replacing Tage Erlander as prime minister on October 14
- October 9 - In Chicago, Illinois, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection to the trial of the "Chicago Eight" (trial started on September 24)
- October 15 - Vietnam War: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in National Moratorium antiwar demonstrations across the United States
- October 16 - The ("miracle") New York Mets win the World Series, beating the heavily favored Baltimore Orioles, four games to one.
- October 17 - Willard S. Boyle and George Smith invent the CCD at Bell Laboratories. Today, this technology is widely used in digital cameras.
- October 21 - Willy Brandt becomes Chancellor of West Germany
- October 21 - Siad Barre comes to power in Somalia in a coup
- October 31 - Wal-Mart incorporates as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
November
- November - Creation of ARPANET, the predecessor of the Internet
- November 3 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon addresses his nation on television and radio asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies
- November 9 - Group of Amerindians lead by Richard Oakes seize the Alcatraz island for 19 months, inspiring a wave of renewed Indian pride and government reform
- November 12 - Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre - Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story
- November 13 - Vietnam War: Anti-war protesters in Washington, DC stage a symbolic "March Against Death"
- November 14 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second manned mission to the surface of the Moon (landed on the Moon on November 19)
- November 15 - Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato in the Barents Sea
- November 15 - Vietnam War: In Washington, DC, 250,000-500,000 protesters staged a peaceful demonstration against the war
- November 15 - Regular colour television broadcasts begin on BBC1 and ITV in UK.
- November 17 - Cold War: Negotiators from the Soviet Union and the United States meet in Helsinki to begin SALT I negotiations aimed at limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides
- November 19 - Apollo program: Apollo 12 astronauts Charles Conrad and Alan Bean land at Oceanus Procellarum ("Ocean of Storms") and become the third and fourth humans to walk on the Moon
- November 20 - Vietnam War: The Cleveland Plain Dealer publishes explicit photographs of dead villagers from the My Lai massacre in Vietnam
- November 20 - Richard Oakes returns with 90 followers and offers to buy the Alcatraz for $24 (he leaves the island January 1970)
- November 21 - U.S. President Nixon and Japanese Premier Eisaku Sato agree in Washington on the return of Okinawa to Japanese control in 1972. Under the terms of the agreement, U.S. retains rights to military bases on island, but must be nuclear-free.
- November 21 - The first ARPANET link is established
- November 21 - The senate voted down the Supreme Court nomination of Clement F. Haynsworth, the first such rejection since 1930.
- November 24 - Apollo program: The Apollo 12 spacecraft splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean, ending the second manned mission to the Moon
- November 25 - John Lennon returns his OBE to protest the British government's support of the US war in Vietnam
December
- December 1 - Vietnam War: The first draft lottery in the United States is held since World War II (on January 4, 1970, the New York Times ran a long article, "Statisticians Charge Draft Lottery Was Not Random")
- December 2 - The Boeing 747 jumbo jet makes its debut. It carries 191 people, most of them reporters and photographers, from Seattle to New York City.
- December 4 - Black Panther members Fred Hampton and Mark Clark are shot dead in their sleep during a raid by 14 Chicago police officers.
- December 12 - Piazza Fontana Slaughter in Italy (Strage di Piazza Fontana). A U.S. officer and C.I.A. agent called David Carrett involved.
Undated events
- Parker Morris Standards became mandatory for all Council housing in the UK.
- Summer saw the invention of Unix
- In the autumn, the first four nodes of the ARPAnet went up
- ACM SIGGRAPH founded
Ongoing events
- Vietnam War (1964 - 1975)
- War of Attrition, between Egypt and Israel, which lasted until August 1970. This conflict was characterized by escalating artillery duels, air raids and commando missions
Births
January
- January 2 - Christy Turlington, American fashion model
- January 2 - Tommy Morrison, American boxer
- January 3 - Michael Schumacher, German race car driver
- January 5 - Marilyn Manson, American singer
- January 14 - Jason Bateman, American actor
- January 14 - David Grohl, American drummer and composer (Nirvana; later, Foo Fighters)
- January 16 - Roy Jones Jr., American boxer
- January 17 - Lukas Moodysson, Swedish film director
- January 20 - Patrick K. Kroupa, American writer, hacker
- January 20 - Skeet Ulrich, American actor
February
- February 1 - Gabriel Batistuta, Argentine footballer
- February 3 - Retief Goosen, South African golfer
- February 5 - Bobby Brown, American singer
- February 11 - Jennifer Aniston, American actress
- February 12 - Hong Myung-Bo, South Korean footballer
- February 17 - Tuesday Knight, American actress
March
- March 1 - Javier Bardem, Spanish actor
- March 1 - Dafydd Ieuan, Welsh drummer (Super Furry Animals)
- March 19 - Connor Trinneer, American actor
April
- April 6 - Bret Boone, baseball player
- April 10 - Billy Jayne, American actor
- April 11 - Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer
- April 17 - Henry Ian Cusick, Peruvian actor
- April 19 - Susan Polgar, Hungarian chess player
- April 25 - Joe Buck, baseball and American football broadcaster
- April 25 - Darren Woodson, American football player
- April 25 - Renée Zellweger, American actress
May
- May 2 - Brian Lara, West Indian cricketer
- May 3 - Daryl F. Mallett, American author and actor
- May 7 - Eagle Eye Cherry, Swedish-born musician
- May 10 - Dennis Bergkamp, Dutch soccer player
- May 13 - Nikos Aliagas, French-born television host
- May 14 - Cate Blanchett, Australian actress
- May 15 - Emmitt Smith, American football player
- May 16 - Tracey Gold, American actress
- May 16 - Steve Lewis, American athlete
- May 18 - Martika, American singer
- May 21 - Georgiy R. Gongadze, Ukrainian journalist (d. 2000)
June
- June 11 - Steven Drozd, American drummer (The Flaming Lips)
- June 14 - Steffi Graf, German tennis player
- June 15 - Oliver Kahn, German football goalkeeper
- June 17 - Paul Tergat, Kenyan athlete
- June 18 - Pål Pot Pamparius, Norwegian guitarist and keyboardist (Turbonegro)
- June 24 - Sissel Kyrkjebø, Norwegian singer
- June 25 - Matt Gallant, American television host
July
- July 5 - John LeClair, American hockey player
- July 10 - Gale Harold, American actor
- July 18 - Masanori Murakawa, Japanese professional wrestler
- July 20 - Josh Holloway, American actor
- July 24 - Jennifer Lopez, American actress and singer
- July 27 - Triple H, American professional wrestler
August
- August 2 - Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer
- August 6 - Elliott Smith, American musician (d. 2003)
- August 9 - Troy Percival, baseball player
- August 13 - Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
- August 18 - Edward Norton, American actor
- August 18 - Christian Slater, American actor
- August 19 - Matthew Perry, American actor
- August 28 - Jack Black, American actor
September
- September 2 - Cedric "K-Ci" Hailey, American singer
- September 5 - Dweezil Zappa, American actor and musician
- September 9 - Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model and actress
- September 13 - Shane Warne, Australian cricketer
- September 24 - Donald DeGrate, Jr., American music producer
- September 25 - Hansie Cronje, South African cricketer (d. 2002)
- September 25 - Hal Sparks, American actor and comedian
- September 25 - Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress
October
- October 1 - Igor Ulanov, Russian hockey player
- October 3 - Gwen Stefani, American singer (No Doubt)
- October 8 - Julia Ann, American porn actress
- October 10 - Brett Favre, American football player
- October 13 - Nancy Kerrigan, American figure skater
- October 14 - David Strickland, American actor (d. 1999)
- October 17 - Ernie Els, South African golfer
- October 19 - Trey Parker, American television producer
- October 20 - Juan Gonzalez, baseball player
- October 30 - Clay Enos, American photographer
November
- November 4 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor
- November 7 - Michelle Clunie, American actress
- November 7 - Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
- November 7 - Bryant H. McGill, American poet
- November 11 - Carson Kressley, American fashion expert
- November 12 - Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
- November 17 - Jean-Michel Saive, Belgian table tennis player
- November 18 - Sam Cassell, basketball player
- November 20 - AQi Fzono, Japanese composer
- November 21 - Ken Griffey, Jr., baseball player
- November 28 - Bosco Tesanovic, Bosco accountancy franchiser
- November 29 - Mariano Rivera, Panamanian Major League Baseball player
- November 29 - Pierre van Hooijdonk, Dutch footballer
December
- December 4 - Jennifer Unger, Public health researcher
- December 15 - Rick Law, American illustrator and producer
- December 19 - Kristy Swanson, American actress
- December 21 - Julie Delpy, French actress
- December 23 - Martha Byrne, American actress and singer
- December 28 - Linus Torvalds, Finnish computer programmer
- December 30 - Jay Kay, English singer (Jamiroquai)
Deaths
January
- January 4 - Violet and Daisy Hilton, English conjoined twin actresses (b. 1908)
- January 8 - Albert Hill, British athlete (b. 1889)
- January 19 - Jan Palach Czech student protester (suicide) (b. 1948)
- January 25 - Irene Castle, English dancer (b. 1893)
- January 29 - Allen Dulles, American director of the Central Intelligence Agency (b. 1893)
- January 30 - Georges Pire, Belgian monk, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1910)
February
- February 4 - Thelma Ritter, American actress (b. 1905)
- February 9 - Gabby Hayes, American actor (b. 1885)
- February 20 - Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
- February 23 - King Saud of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902)
- February 26 - Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1895)
March
- March 4 - Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film empresario (b. 1881)
- March 11 - John Wyndham, British author (b. 1903)
- March 21 - Pinky Higgins, American baseball player and manager (b. 1909)
- March 26 - John Kennedy Toole, American author (b. 1937)
- March 27 - B. Traven, German writer
- March 28 - Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)
May
- May 4 - Osbert Sitwell, English writer (b. 1892)
- May 14 - Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (b. 1888)
- May 19 - Coleman Hawkins, American musician (b. 1904)
June-December
- June 21 - Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (b. 1934)
- June 22 - Judy Garland, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
- July 5, Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883)
- July 18 - Mary Jo Kopechne, American campaign aide to U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy (b. 1940)
- July 24 - Witold Gombrowicz, Polish novelist and dramatist (b. 1904)
- August 9 - Cecil Frank Powell, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)
- August 9 - Sharon Tate, American actress (murdered) (b. 1943)
- August 17 - Otto Stern, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
- August 27 - Ivy Compton-Burnett, English novelist (b. 1884)
- August 27 - Erika Mann, German writer (b. 1905)
- August 31 - Rocky Marciano, American boxer (b. 1923)
- September 2 - Ho Chi Minh, President of Vietnam (b. 1890)
- October 4 - Natalino Otto, Italian singer (b. 1912)
- October 12 - Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (b. 1912)
- October 21 - Jack Kerouac, American author (b. 1922)
- October 21 - Waclaw Sierpinski, Polish mathematician (b. 1882)
- October 30 - Pops Foster, American musician
- November 12 - William F. Friedman, American cryptanalyst (b. 1891)
- November 15 - Iskander Mirza, first President of Pakistan
- November 18 - Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., American politician (b. 1888)
- December 4 - Fred Hampton, Black Panther (shot by police) (b. 1948)
- December 4 - Mark Clark, Black Panther (shot by police) (b. 1896)
- December 12 - Magic Sam, American musician (b. 1937)
- December 31 - common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar).
Events
January
- January 1 - Watergate scandal: John N. Mitchell, H. R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up
- January 2 - The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by Congress
- January 5 - The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier Lake Illawarra, killing twelve people.
- January 7 - OPEC agrees to raise crude oil prices by 10%.
- January 8 - Ella Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, becoming the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States who did not succeed her husband
- January 10 - Japanese soldier Teruo Nakamura surrenders on the Indonesian Island of Morota
- January 14 - 17 year old heiress Lesley Whittle is kidnapped from her home in Shropshire, England by the Black Panther.
- January 20 - Michael Ovitz founds Creative Artists Agency
- January 29 - Weather Underground bombs US State Department main office in Washington D.C.
- January - Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer
February
- February 4 - The first successfully predicted earthquake occurred in Haicheng, Liaoning, China.
- February 9 - The Soyuz 17 Soviet spacecraft returns to Earth.
- February 11 - Margaret Thatcher defeats Edward Heath for the leadership of the UK Conservative Party in the United Kingdom.
- February 21 - Watergate scandal: Former United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are sentenced to between 30 months and 8 years in prison
- February 23 - In response to the energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly two months early in the United States.
- February 26 - a fleeing IRA terrorist shoots dead off-duty London police officer Stephen Tibble, 22, as he gives chase
- February 27 - Movement 2 June kidnaps West German politician Peter Lorenz. He is released on March 4 after most of the kidnappers' demands are met
- February 28 - A major tube train crash at Moorgate station, London kills 43 people.
- February 28 - In Lomé, the capital of Togo, the European Economic Community and 46 African, Caribbean and Pacific countries sign a financial and economic treaty, known as the first Lomé Convention.
March
- March 1 - Color television transmissions begin in Australia
- March 4 - Charlie Chaplin is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
- March 6 - Algiers Accord - Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.
- March 6 - A bomb explodes in the Paris offices of the Springer Press. The "6 March Group" (connected to the Red Army Faction) demands amnesty for the "Baader-Meinhof Group"
- March 7 - The body of teenage heiress Lesley Whittle, kidnapped seven weeks earlier by the Black Panther is discovered in Staffordshire, England
- March 8 - United Nations begin sponsoring the International Women's Day.
- March 9 - Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System begins
- March 10 - Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Me Thout, South Vietnam, on their way to capturing Saigon.
- March 15 - In Brazil, the Estado da Guanabara (State of Guanabara) merges with the state of Rio de Janeiro, under the name of Rio de Janeiro. The state's capital moves from the city of Niterói to the city of Rio de Janeiro.
- March 25 - King Faisal of Saudi Arabia is shot and killed by a nephew with a history of mental illness - the killer is beheaded on June 18.
- March 28 - A fire in the maternity wing at Kucic Hospital in Rijeka, Yugoslavia, kills 25 babies
April-May
- April 3 - Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title.
- April 4 - Vietnam War: The first military Operation Babylift flight, C5A 80218, crashes 27 minutes after takeoff killing 138 on board; 176 survive the crash.
- April 13 - An attack by Phalangists on a Palestinian bus in Ain El Remmeneh, Lebanon sparks over 15 years of civil war.
- April 17 - Pol Pot proclaims the "Democratic Republic of Kampuchea" in Cambodia and becomes its Prime Minister (1975–1979).
- April 24 - Six Red Army Faction terrorists take over West German embassy in Stockholm, take 11 hostages and demand the release of the group's jailed members. Shortly after they are captured by Swedish police.
- April 25 - Vietnam War: As North Vietnamese forces close in on the South Vietnamese capital Saigon, the Australian Embassy is closed and evacuated, almost ten years to the day since the first Australian troop commitment to South Vietnam.
- April 30 - Vietnam War: The Vietnam War ends as Communist forces take Saigon and South Vietnam surrenders unconditionally.
- May 5 - The Busch Gardens Williamsburg theme park opens in Virginia.
- May 12 - Mayaguez incident: Khmer Rouge forces in Cambodia seize the American merchant ship SS Mayaguez in international waters.
- May 15 - Mayaguez incident: The American merchant ship Mayaguez, seized by Cambodian forces, is rescued by U.S. Navy and Marines. 38 Americans are killed.
- May 16 - India annexes Sikkim.
- May 16 - Junko Tabei becomes the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
- May 28 - 15 West African countries sign the Treaty of Lagos, creating the Economic Community of West African States.
- May 30 - 1972 Olympic runner Steve Prefontaine dies in a car accident.
June-July
- June 5 - The Suez Canal opens for the first time since the Six-Day War
- June 5 - The United Kingdom votes yes in a referendum on staying in the European Community
- June 9 - Order of Australia (OA) awarded for 1st time
- June 19 - Lord Lucan found guilty in absentia of the murder of the nanny Sandra Rivett
- June 25 - Mozambique gains independence from Portugal
- June 26 - Two FBI agents and one member of AIM die in a shootout in Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota
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