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Fritz Von Opel

Fritz von Opel

Fritz Adam Hermann von Opel (May 4 1889 - April 8 1971) was the only child of Wilhelm von Opel, and a grandson of Adam Opel, founder of the Opel Company. He is remembered mostly for his spectacular demonstrations of rocket propulsion that earned him the nickname "Rocket Fritz". Von Opel was born in Rüsselsheim and educated at the technical university of Darmstadt. After graduation, he was made director of testing for Opel and also put in charge of publicity. In the 1920s, he became interested in using rockets in publicity stunts for the company and sought advice from Max Valier of the newly-formed Verein für Raumschiffahrt (VfR - "Spaceflight Society") and Friedrich Sander, a pyrotechnics manufacturer from Bremerhaven. On March 15 1928, von Opel tested his first rocket-powered car, the RAK.1 and achieved a top speed of 75 km/h (47 mph) in it, proving the concept. Less than two months later, he reached a speed of 230 km/h (143 mph) in the RAK.2, driven by 24 solid-rockets. Later that same year, he purchased a sailplane named the Ente from Alexander Lippisch and attached rocket motors to it, creating the world's first rocket plane on June 11. The aircraft exploded on its second test-flight, before von Opel had a chance to pilot it himself, so he commissioned a new aircraft, also called the RAK.1 from Julius Hatry, and flew it at Frankfurt-am-Main on September 30 1929. In the meantime, another mishap had claimed the RAK.3, a rocket powered railway car powered by 30 solid rockets and which reached a speed of 254 km/h (157 mph). Von Opel left the Opel company and Germany after 1929 and died in Samedan, Switzerland. Opel, Fritz von Opel, Fritz von Opel, Fritz von Category:Opel

1889

1889 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar).

Events

January-April

common year starting on Tuesday
- January 8 - Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine
- January 22 - Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, DC.
- February 11 - Meiji Constitution of Japan adopted; 1st Diet convenes in 1890
- January 30 - Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria and his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera commit a double suicide (or a murder suicide) in Mayerling hunting lodge
- February 22 - President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.
- March 4 - Grover Cleveland, 24th President of the United States (1885 - 1889) is succeeded by Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893).
- March 9 - Yohannes IV is killed in the Battle of Metemma; Sudanese forces, who had been almost defeated, rally and destroy the Ethiopian army.
- March 23 - Land run: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma to white settlement starting on April 22.
- March 31 - The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated (opens May 6). Contemporary critics regard it aesthetically displeasing
- April 22 - Oklahoma land rush: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma to white settlement; Land rush begins.

May-October


- May 2 - Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, signs a treaty of amity with Italy, which gives Ethiopia control over Eritrea.
- May 15 - In Samoa, three US and three German ships sink in a typhoon because the captains refuse to leave before the others ? almost 200 drown. British steamer Calliope saves itself by pushing into the wind with full speed
- May 31 - South Fork Dam collapses in western Pennsylvania, killing more than 2200 people in and around Johnstown, Pennsylvania
- June 3 - The first long distance electric power transmission line in the United States is completed, running 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon.
- June 6 - The Great Seattle Fire ravages through the downtown area without any fatalities.
- June 12 - 88 are killed in the Armagh rail disaster near Armagh in Northern Ireland.
- July 8 - The first issue of the Wall Street Journal is published.
- August 14 - The Great London Dock Strike breaks out in England.
- September 10 - Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi becomes Reigning Prince Albert I of Monaco
- September 23 - The company Nintendo was founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards.
- October 2 - In Washington, DC, the first international Conference of American States begins.
- October 3 - Sister Carries goes to Chicago
- October 24 - Sir Henry Parkes, Premier of New South Wales, delivers the Tenterfield Oration calling for the Federation of Australia.

November


- November 2 - North Dakota and South Dakota are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. states.
- November 6 - Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing card game Hanafuda.
- November 8 - Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.
- November 11 - Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state.
- November 14 - Inspired by Jules Verne pioneer woman Journalist Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) begins an attempt to beat travel around the world in less than 80 days (Bly finished the journey in 72 days, 6 hours and 11 minutes).
- November 15 - Brazil is declared a republic by Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca and Emperor Pedro II is deposed in a military coup (he was the second and last emperor of Brazil).

Unknown dates


- Wisden Cricketer's Almanac publishes its first Wisden Cricketers of the Year (actually titled Six Great Bowlers Of The Year). The cricketers chosen are George Lohmann, Bobby Peel, Johnny Briggs, Charles Turner, John Ferris and Sammy Woods.
- Frederick Abel invents cordite
- Diet of Japan founded
- French defense minister Georges Boulanger attempts a coup but is forced to flee the country
- First free elections in Costa Rica
- Glele, king of Dahomey, commits suicide
- Yellow fever interrupts the building of Panama Canal
- Huge locust swarm crosses the Red Sea and destroys crops in the Nile Valley
- Ghost Dance movement
- Mirza Ghulam Ahmad claimed to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi.
- Fabian Essays in Socialism, edited by George Bernard Shaw, is published.
- Capilano Suspension Bridge was founded. This is the longest suspension bridge in the world, and the park is now a favourite attraction to tourists from all over the world. It is located in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Births

January-April


- January 21 - Edith Bratt, wife of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (d. 1971)
- January 31 - Frank Foster, English cricketer (d. 1958)
- February 3 - Risto Ryti, Prime Minister and President of Finland (d. 1956)
- February 5 - Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (d. 1962)
- February 19 - Ernest Marsden, British physicist (d. 1970)
- February 22 - Lady Olave Baden-Powell, English founder of the Girl Guides (d. 1977)
- February 24 - Suzanne Bianchetti, French actress (d. 1936)
- March 1 - Kanoko Okamoto, Japanese novelist, poet, and Buddhism scholar (d. 1939)
- March 1 - Watsuji Tetsuro, Japanese philosopher (d. 1960)
- March 4 ? Pearl White, American silent film actress (d. 1938) 1938]
- March 16 - Reggie Walker, South African athlete (d. 1951)
- March 24 - Albert Hill, British athlete (d. 1969)
- March 29 - Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951)
- April 7 - Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
- April 8 - Sir Adrian Boult, English conductor (d. 1983)
- April 11 - Nick LaRocca, American musician (d. 1961)
- April 15 - Thomas Hart Benton, American painter (d. 1975)
- April 16 - Charlie Chaplin, English actor and film director (d. 1977)
- April 20 - Adolf Hitler, Austrian dictator of Nazi Germany (d. 1945)
- April 21 - Paul Karrer, Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- April 23 - Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
- April 26 - Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian-born philosopher (d. 1951)

May-December


- May 12 - Otto Frank, German writer, father of Anne Frank (d. 1980)
- May 18 - Thomas Midgley, American chemist and inventor (d. 1944)
- May 25 - Igor Sikorsky Russian developer of the helicopter (d. 1972)
- June 21 - Ralph Craig, American athlete (d. 1972)
- June 23 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (d. 1966)
- July 5 - Jean Cocteau, French writer (d. 1963)
- July 17 - Erle Stanley Gardner, American author (d. 1970)
- August 5 - Conrad Aiken, American writer (d. 1973)
- September 8 - Robert Taft, U.S. Senator from Ohio (d.1953)
- September 11 - Suzanne Duchamp, French painter (d. 1963)
- September 14 - Maria Esther Capovilla, Oldest Living Person (as of 12/9/2005)
- September 18 - Doris Blackburn, Australian politician (d. 1970)
- September 20 - Charles Reidpath, American athlete (d. 1975)
- September 26 - Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (d. 1976)
- October 3 - Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1938)
- October 8 - C. E. Woolman, American airline executive (d. 1966)
- October 13 - Douglass Dumbrille, Canadian-born actor (d. 1974)
- November 1 - Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1982)
- November 14 - Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India (d. 1948)
- November 20 - Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (d. 1953)
- November 30 - Edgar Douglas Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, English physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1977)
- December 9 - Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (d. 1966)

Unknown dates


- James Alexander Allan, Australian poet (d. 1956)

Deaths


- January 30 - Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria (suicide) (b. 1858)
- January 30 - Baroness Mary Vetsera (suicide) (b. 1871)
- February 3 - Belle Starr, American outlaw (b. 1848)
- March 8 - John Ericsson, Swedish inventor and engineer (b. 1803)
- March 9 - Emperor Yohannes IV of Ethiopia
- April 23 - Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly, French writer (b. 1808)
- May 9 - William S. Harney, U.S. Army general (b. 1800)
- May 14 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (b. 1809)
- May 12 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian satirist (b. 1826)
- June 8 - Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet (b. 1844)
- June 15 - Mihai Eminescu, Romanian poet (b. 1850)
- July 10 - Julia Gardiner Tyler, First Lady of the United States (b. 1820)
- August 19 - Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (b. 1838)
- September 16 - Bob Younger, American outlaw and youngest of the Younger outlaws
- September 23 - Wilkie Collins, British novelist (b. 1824)
- October 11 - James Prescott Joule, English physicist (b. 1818)
- October 25 - Émile Augier, French dramatist (b. 1820)
- November 18 - William Allingham, Irish author (b. 1824 or 1828)
- December 6 - Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1808)
- December 12 - Robert Browning, English poet (b. 1812)
- December 31 - Ion Creangă, Romanian writer (b. 1837 or 1839)

Heads of State


- China - Guāngxù Emperor of China, Qing Dynasty (1875-1908)
- Denmark - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
- France - Marie François Sadi Carnot, President of France (1887-1894)
- Germany - Wilhelm II, German Kaiser (1888-1918)
- Holy See - Pope Leo XIII, Bishop of Rome (1878-1903)
- Japan - Mutsuhito, Meiji emperor (1867-1912)
- Norway - Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway (1872-1905)
- Ottoman Empire - Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909)
- Russia - Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881-1894)
- Spain - Alfonso XIII of Spain, King of Spain (1886-1931)
- United States -
- # Grover Cleveland, President of the United States (1885-1889)
- # Benjamin Harrison, President of the United States (1889-1893) Category:1889 ko:1889년 ms:1889 simple:1889 th:พ.ศ. 2432

April 8

April 8 is the 98th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (99th in leap years). There are 267 days remaining in the year.

Events


- 217 - Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated (and succeeded) by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus
- 1203 - Congress in Bilino Polje, where Ban Kulin officially declared his allegiance to the Catholic Church and denounced the heresy.
- 1730 - Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.
- 1742 - The first performance of George Frideric Handel's oratorio The Messiah, in Dublin.
- 1767 - Ayutthaya kingdom fell to Burmese invaders.
- 1820 - The Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Melos.
- 1832 - Black Hawk War: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis to fight the Sauk Native Americans.
- 1893 - First recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania when the Geneva College Covenanters defeated the New Brighton YMCA.
- 1895 - The United States Supreme Court declared income tax to be unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
- 1899 - Martha Place becomes the first woman to be executed in an electric chair.
- 1904 - France and the United Kingdom sign the Entente cordiale.
- 1904 - Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times.
- 1910 - The Los Angeles Motordome opened near Playa del Rey, California.
- 1913 - The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified requiring direct election of Senators.
- 1916 - In Corona, California, auto racer Bob Burman crashed through a crowd barrier at the last Boulevard Race, killing himself, his mechanic and a track policeman, and badly injuring five spectators.
- 1918 - World War I: Actors Douglas Fairbanks and Charlie Chaplin sell war bonds on the streets of New York, New York's financial district.
- 1929 - Indian Independence Movement At Delhi Central Assembly, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw handouts, and bombs in a corridor not to cause injury and courted arrest.
- 1935 - The Works Progress Administration is formed when the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 becomes law.
- 1942 - World War II: Siege of Leningrad - Soviet Union forces open a much-needed railway link to Leningrad.
- 1945 - At the POW camp at Flossenbürg, pastor and theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer is hanged.
- 1952 - In a radio address to the nation from the White House, President Harry S. Truman calls for the seizure of all steel mills in the United States in order to prevent a nationwide strike.
- 1953 - Mau Mau leader Jomo Kenyatta is convicted by Kenya's British rulers.
- 1967 - In Vienna, Austria, Sandie Shaw wins the twelfth Eurovision Song Contest for the United Kingdom singing "Puppet on a String".
- 1971 - a 6 pound meteorite struck the home of Robert and Wanda Donahue in Wethersfield, Connecticut
- 1974 - At the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, Hank Aaron breaks baseball great's Babe Ruth's record by hitting his 715th home run.
- 1975 - Frank Robinson of the Cleveland Indians manages his first game as major league baseball's first African American manager.
- 1975 - Vietnam War: After spending a week in South Vietnam, U.S. Army Chief of Staff Frederick Weyand gives a report to the U.S. Congress that South Vietnam will fall without additional military aid.
- 1985 - Bhopal disaster: India files suit against Union Carbide for the disaster which killed an estimated 2,000 and injured another 200,000.
- 1986 - Clint Eastwood is elected mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California receiving 72% of the vote (voter turnout was also doubled over the previous mayoral election).
- 1987 - Los Angeles Dodgers executive Al Campanis resigns amid great controversy over racially-charged remarks he had made while on Nightline.
- 1989 - South Africa In Johannesburg, the Progressive Federal Party, Independent party, National Democratic Movement and the force of "Ontevrede Afrikaners" or dissatisfied Afrikaners merged to form the Democratic Party.
- 1990 - Twin Peaks premieres.
- 1992 - Retired tennis great Arthur Ashe announces to the world that he has AIDS, acquired from blood transfusions during one of his two heart surgeries.
- 1994 - Body of Kurt Cobain discovered in his Washington home.
- 1999 - Haryana Gana Parishad, a political party in the Indian state of Haryana, merges with the Indian National Congress.
- 2000 - A U.S. Marine Corps V-22 Osprey crashes during landing at Marana, Arizona killing 19.
- 2002 - Ed McMahon files a US$20 million lawsuit against his insurance company and others regarding a toxic mold infecting McMahon's Beverly Hills, California home.
- 2004 - Darfur conflict: The Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by the Sudanese government and two rebel groups.
- 2004 - The famous Japanese economist and former professor at Waseda University graduate school Kazuhide Uekusa was arrested on the escalator of JR Shinagawa Station because of trying to peep under a high school girl's skirt with his hand mirror.
- 2005 - Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Births


- 563 BC - Gautama Buddha, Indian religious leader (d. 483 BC)
- 1320 - King Peter I of Portugal (d. 1367)
- 1533 - Claudio Merulo, Italian composer (d. 1604)
- 1541 - Michele Mercati, Italian physician and gardener (d. 1593)
- 1605 - King Philip IV of Spain, (d. 1665)
- 1641 - Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English statesman (d. 1704)
- 1692 - Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer (d. 1770)
- 1859 - Edmund Husserl, Austrian philosopher (d. 1938)
- 1865 - Charles W. Woodworth, American entomologist (d. 1940)
- 1868 - King Christian IX of Denmark (d. 1906)
- 1874 - Stanisław Taczak, Polish general, commander-in-chief of the Greater Poland Uprising (d.1960)
- 1875 - King Albert I of Belgium (d. 1934)
- 1889 - Sir Adrian Boult, English conductor (d. 1983)
- 1892 - Mary Pickford, Canadian actress and studio founder (d. 1979)
- 1904 - John Hicks, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
- 1905 - Helen Joseph, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 1992)
- 1905 - Erwin Keller, German field hockey player
- 1911 - Melvin Calvin, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
- 1911 - Emil Cioran, Romanian philosopher and essayist (d. 1995)
- 1912 - Alois Brunner, Austrian Nazi
- 1912 - Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (d. 1969)
- 1914 - María Félix, Mexican actress (d. 2002)
- 1918 - Betty Ford, First Lady of the United States
- 1919 - Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia
- 1921 - Franco Corelli, Italian tenor (d. 2003)
- 1923 - George Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 2003)
- 1923 - Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (d. 1997)
- 1926 - Jürgen Moltmann, German theologian
- 1928 - John Gavin, American actor and U.S. Ambassador to Mexico
- 1929 - Walter Berry, Austrian bass-baritone (d. 2000)
- 1929 - Jacques Brel, Belgian singer and composer (d. 1978)
- 1930 - Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma, French-born fascist
- 1933 - Fred Ebb, American composer (d. 2004)
- 1934 - Kurokawa Kisho, Japanese architect
- 1938 - Kofi Annan, Ghanian United Nations Secretary General, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1940 - John Havlicek, American basketball player
- 1941 - Vivienne Westwood, English fashion designer
- 1943 - Michael Bennett, American dancer, choreographer, and theater director (d. 1987)
- 1943 - Miller Farr, American football player
- 1946 - Catfish Hunter, baseball player
- 1946 - Tim Thomerson, American actor
- 1947 - Tom DeLay, American politician
- 1947 - Robert Kiyosaki, American investor, businessman, and writer
- 1947 - Larry Norman, American singer and songwriter
- 1949 - John Madden, English director
- 1949 - Brenda Russell, American singer and songwriter
- 1954 - Gary Carter, baseball player
- 1955 - Barbara Kingsolver, American novelist
- 1960 - John Schneider, American actor
- 1963 - Julian Lennon, English musician and singer
- 1963 - Alec Stewart, English cricketer
- 1964 - Biz Markie, American rapper and disc jockey
- 1966 - Robin Wright Penn, American actress
- 1966 - Mazinho, Brazilian football player
- 1968 - Patricia Arquette, American actress
- 1971 - Chino XL, American rapper
- 1972 - Paul Grey, American bassist (Slipknot)
- 1973 - Bobby Ologun, Nigerian television performer and martial artist
- 1977 - Mark Spencer, computer programmer
- 1979 - Alexi Laiho, Finnish guitarist and singer (Children of Bodom)
- 1980 - Manuel Ortega, Austrian singer
- 1980 - Katee Sackhoff, American actress
- 1982 - Judy Star, Canadian actress

Deaths


- 217 - Caracalla, Roman Emperor (b. 186)
- 956 - Gilbert of Chalon, Duke of Burgundy
- 1143 - John II Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1087)
- 1364 - King John II of France (b. 1319)
- 1461 - Georg Purbach, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1423)
- 1492 - Lorenzo de Medici, ruler of Florence (b. 1449)
- 1586 - Martin Chemnitz, Lutheran reformer and theologian (b. 1522)
- 1587 - John Foxe, English writer (b. 1516)
- 1691 - Carlo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1611)
- 1697 - Niels Juel, Danish admiral (b. 1629)
- 1704 - Hiob Ludolf, German orientalist (b. 1624)
- 1704 - Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English statesman (b. 1641)
- 1725 - John Wise, English clergyman (b. 1652)
- 1848 - Gaetano Donizetti, Italian composer (b. 1797)
- 1920 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (b. 1884)
- 1931 - Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)
- 1936 - Robert Bárány, Austrian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1876)
- 1938 - Joe "King" Oliver, American musician (b. 1885)
- 1950 - Vaslav Nijinsky, Polish-born ballet dancer (b. 1890)
- 1965 - Lars Hanson, Swedish actor (b. 1965)
- 1973 - Pablo Picasso, Spanish artist (b. 1881)
- 1978 - Ford Frick, baseball commissioner
- 1981 - Omar Bradley, U.S. general (b. 1893)
- 1984 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1894)
- 1990 - Ryan White, American activist (b. 1971)
- 1991 - Per Yngve "Dead" Ohlin, Norwegian musician (black metal)
- 1992 - Daniel Bovet, Swiss-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1907)
- 1993 - Marian Anderson, American contralto (b. 1897)
- 1996 - Ben Johnson, American actor (b. 1918)
- 1994 - Kurt Cobain, lead singer of niverna
- 1997 - Laura Nyro, American singer and composer (b. 1947)
- 2000 - Claire Trevor, American actress (b. 1910)
- 2002 - Maria Felix, Mexican actress (b. 1914)
- 2003 - Anita Borg, American computer scientist (b. 1949)
- 2004 - Bruce Edwards, golf caddy (b. 1954)

Holidays and observances


- Worldwide Roma Nation Day

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/8 BBC: On This Day]
- [http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/20050514.html The New York Times: On This Day] ----- April 7 - April 9 - March 8 - May 8 -- listing of all days ko:4월 8일 ms:8 April ja:4月8日 simple:April 8 th:8 เมษายน

Wilhelm von Opel

Wilhelm von Opel (known as Wilhelm Opel before being granted nobility) was one of the founding figures of the German automobile manufacturer Opel. He introduced the assembly line to the German automobily industry. His father, Adam Opel, founded the Opel firm as a manufacturer of sewing machines, then expanded into bicycle manufacturing. After Adam's death in 1895, control of the company passed to his five sons. In 1898, Wilhelm and his brother Fritz brought Opel into the automobile industry with the purchase of the small Lutzmann automobile factory of Dessau. Along with his brother Heinrich, Wilhelm was raised to grand-ducal nobility in 1917. Their brother Karl was raised to the same level in the next year.

References


- [http://www.automedia-online.com/collection/badges/quell/opel.htm Opel] from AutoMedia Online
- [http://dict.die.net/wilhelm%20von%20opel/ Wilhelm von Opel] at die.net
- [http://www.royalsportal.de/html/genuntitled/opel.html] Opel, Wilhelm von Category:Opel

Opel

Opel, originally and more correctly known as Adam Opel AG is an automobile maker in Germany. It opened for business on January 21, 1899 and as the Opel company started to build cars, it also made household goods. However, two years later, following the dissolution of his partnership, Opel signed a licensing agreement with Automobiles Darracq S.A. of France to manufacture vehicles under the brand name "Opel-Darracq." The vehicles were Opel bodies mounted on a Darracq chassis, powered by a 2-cylinder engine. Since 1929, Opel has been part of General Motors. Many cars sold by General Motors worldwide are Opel designs, including such models as the Corsa, Astra, Vectra and Omega. Opel models are also sold under other GM brand names, such as Vauxhall in the UK, Holden in Australasia, and Chevrolet in Latin America. Its Zafira people carrier was sold in Japan badged as a Subaru Traviq, while the Omega was briefly sold in the US as the Cadillac Catera. Other models sold in the US, but slightly modified, include the current Saturn L-series, Chevrolet Malibu and Cobalt, and the upcoming Saturn Aura. The first cars produced by Daewoo in South Korea were based on the Opel Kadett (now Astra) and larger Rekord (now Omega). Opels appeared under their own name in the US in the late Sixties, when they were sold through Buick dealers as captive imports. Opel is the main GM brand name in Europe except in the UK, where GM's other European subsidiary, Vauxhall Motors, still uses its own brand name. Vauxhall's models were completely different designs from those of Opel, until the 1970s. The Opel name largely disappeared from the UK in 1981 after Vauxhall and Opel dealerships were merged, with only the Manta and the Monza (the coupe version of the Senator) being sold as Opels, until they were discontinued in 1988 and 1987 respectively. Vauxhall began adopting Opel's names for its models, with the exception of 'Kadett' which was replaced by Astra, already used by Vauxhall, in 1991. In other right hand drive markets in Europe like Ireland, Cyprus and Malta, the main GM brand name is now Opel, and for many years, Opel Ireland sponsored the Republic's soccer team, using the slogan 'Ireland's Number One Supporter'. However, many Vauxhall cars, imported second hand from the UK, are still sold in Ireland. Some have suggested that the Vauxhall name should be dropped in the UK in favour of Opel, thereby harmonising GM's marketing strategy across Europe. However, Vauxhall has rejected this, on the grounds that its brand is well known, and fleet buyers, who are its main customer base, insisted that Opel models be rebadged as Vauxhalls. The company headquarters are located in Rüsselsheim, and it has plants in Bochum and Eisenach as well as in Belgium, Spain and Poland. Opel cars are also made in Vauxhall's Ellesmere Port plant in the United Kingdom. In October 2004 employees went on strike for six days due to the threat of 12,000 job losses. The threat was due to the unprofitable European markets because of low customer demand. The strike had a major impact on production. Employee negotiations are still underway to come to an acceptable deal. In December 2004 General Motors rumored to sell its Opel / Vauxhall business to Volkswagen.

Opel models

External links


- [http://www.opel.de/ Opel]
- [http://dmoz.org/Recreation/Autos/Makes_and_Models/Opel/ DMOZ.org: Opel]
- [http://www.gm.com/company/gmability/adv_tech/100_news/astra_011005.html Opel Astra Diesel Hybrid]
- [http://www.bl06.net/2005/10/opel-kapitan-de-1956/ Kapitän] Category:German automobile manufacturers Category:Opel Category:General Motors Opel is also the name of an album by Syd Barrett. ja:オペル

Nickname

A nickname is a short, clever, cute, derogatory, or otherwise substitute name for a person or thing's real name (for example, Tom is short for Thomas). As a concept, it is distinct from both pseudonym and stage name, although there may be overlap in these concepts. A nickname is sometimes considered desirable, symbolising a form of acceptance, but can often be a form of ridicule. Many artists and actors have nicknames, which in years past were called a stage name. A person's online nickname may also be known as his handle, especially within hacker culture. Etymology: In Middle English the word was ekename (from the verb to eke, "enlarge"; compare Swedish öknamn). Later, an ekename developed into a nickname when the "n" shifted through junctural metanalysis. In Viking societies, many people had nicknames heiti, viðrnefni or uppnefi which were used in addition to, or instead of their family names. In some circumstances the giving of a nickname had a special status in Viking society in that it created a relationship between the name maker and the recipient of the nickname, to the extent that the creation of a nickname also often entailed a formal ceremony and an exchange of gifts.

Nicknames for people

Types of personal nickname:

Relating to given names

1. A nickname may be a hypocoristic form of a person's first name. This is often a simple abbreviation of the name. For most English names the shortened form is taken from the first syllable e.g. Walt for Walter. However in many other languages it is much more common to use the last syllable of the whole name e.g. Italian Nino for Giovanni (via Giovannino, which is a diminutive form of Giovanni). Some abbreviations can use the middle of a word e.g. Liz for Elizabeth. There are a few names for which an archaic pronunciation of the full name is preserved in the short name e.g. Rick for Richard indicates that the -ch- was originally pronounced as -ck-. Some other nicknames were created by rhyming the shortened form of the full name, such as Ted or Ned for Edward (Ed), Bill for William (Will), and Bob or Nob for Robert (Rob). For those abbreviations that do not begin with the same letter as the full name, see list of short name forms. Examples:
- Ally, Allie for Alexandra, Allison, Alison or Alice
- Al, Alex, Lex, Xander, Sasha for Alexander or Alexandra
- Andie for Andrea
- Andy, Drew for Andrew
- Ant, Tony, Toni, Tone for Anthony
- Barb, Barbie, Babs for Barbara
- Ben, Benny, Benji for Benjamin
- Bert, Bertie for Albert, Herbert, Bertram
- Shorty,Chewwy,eWalk "for" Brandon
- Betta for Elisabetta
- Chuck, Chaz, Charlie for Charles
- Chris, Chrissy, Chrissie for Christine
- Chris for Christopher, Christian
- Donna for Donnatella
- Dan, Danny for Daniel
- Dave, for David
- Den, Denny, Dino, Dean for Dennis
- Dot, Dotty for Dorothy or Dorothea
- Ella, Ellie, Elle, Nell, Nellie for Eleanor
- Beth, Bess, Bessie, Betsy, Betty, Bette, Eliza, Lisa, Liza, Liz for Elizabeth
- Eli, Lige for Elijah
- Eli, Lish, Leesh for Elisha
- Em, Ems, Emmy for Emily and Emma
- Rikki, Rikkie, Ricky for Erica
- Frank for Francis and Franklin
- Gerry for Gerald or Gerard
- Harry, Hal, Hank for Henry and Harold
- Isa for Isabella
- Jack, Johnny for John
- Jackie for Jacqueline
- Jake for Jacob
- Jay for Jason
- Jeff for Jefferson or Jeffrey (originally for Jefferson but now more often Jeffrey, a new form of Geoffrey)
- Jerry for Jerome
- Jim, Jimmy, Jamie, Jock for James
- Joe, Joey for Joseph
- Jon for Jonathan
- Josh for Joshua
- Kat, Kate, Katie, Kathy for Katrina, Kathleen or Katherine or Kaitlyn
- Ken, for Kenneth
- Kev, Crank for Kevin
- Larry, Lar, Laurie for Lawrence or Laurence (male only)
- Laur, Lauri, Laurie for Laurence, Laura or Lauren (female)
- Leo, Len, Lenny for Leonard or Leopold
- Mandy, Mandi, Manda for Amanda
- Maddie, Maddy for Madeline
- Marge, Marg, Maggie, Mags, Meg, Peggy for Margaret
- Matt, Mattie for Matthew
- Meg, Mog, Gog for Megan
- Mo for Mohammed, Maurice, Morris, or Maureen
- Moll, Molly Dolly, Good Golly Miss Molly for Molly
- Nate, Nat for Nathan, Nathaniel, Natalie
- Ned, Ted for Edward
- Nick for Nicholas
- Pat, Patsy, Patty, Trish, Tricia for Patricia
- Pat, Paddy for Patrick
- Pete for Peter
- Rick, Rich, Dick for Richard
- Bob, Rob, Robbie, Bobby, Rab for Robert
- Ron, Ronnie for Ronald
- Rosie, Rose for Rosemary
- Rube for Reuben
- Rusty for Russell
- Ry for Ryan
- Sally, Sadie for Sarah
- Sam, Sammy for Samuel or Samantha
- Sandy, Al, Alex for Alexander
- Sandra, Sandy, Al, Alex for Alexandra
- Sophie, Sophia for Sophronia
- Steph, Stephie for Stephanie
- Steve for Stephen (or Steven)
- Sue, Susie, Suzie for Susan/Suzanne (most often Sue or Susie for Susan and Suzie for Suzanne)
- Ted, Teddy, Theo for Theodore (or Edward)
- Teddie, Thea, Theo for Theodora
- Tom, Thom, Tommy for Thomas
- Terrie for Teresa
- Vicky, Vicki, Vickie, Tori for Victoria
- Vince, Vin, Vinnie for Vincent
- Vivi for Vivian
- Wen, Wendel for Wendy
- Will, Willy, Bill, Billy, Liam, for William
- Zach, Zack, Zac for Zachary Many of these names are also registered as formal birth names. 2. A nickname may relate directly to a person's surname. Examples:
- Fletch for someone with the surname Fletcher
- Mitch for someone with the surname Mitchell
- Murph for someone with the surname Murphy
- Sully for someone with the surname Sullivan
- Smitty for someone with the surname Smith
- Arch for someone with the surname Archer
- Churchy for Winston Churchill 3. It may also relate indirectly to a surname. Examples:
- Chalky for someone with the surname White
- Sandy for someone with the surname Brown
- Dicky for someone with the surname Bird
- Dinger for someone with the surname Bell
- Chook for someone with the surname Fowler (only in Australia, where 'chook' is slang for chicken) 4. A nickname may reflect a national or cultural style. In the United States, for instance, rhyming contractions or plays on a person's name are common, as in:
- Flo-Jo Florence Griffith Joyner
- Ho-Jo, any person named Howard Johnson or the chain of hotels with the same name
- J-Lo Jennifer Lopez ('J' from Jennifer and 'Lo' from Lopez)
- A-Rod Alex Rodriguez Calling a person by their initials is also common. 5. Nicknames, whatever their original basis, may become cultural norms. 'Sis', (slang for 'sister') for example, is often picked up and used by all the members of a family, their friends and society at large. Similarly, 'Chip' (off the old block) and 'Junior' can be used for any youngster and the nickname may follow the person into adulthood.

Relating to culture/nationality

6. It may relate (offensively or otherwise) to a person's nationality or place of origin. Examples:
- Aussie for an Australian
- Bonians or Frog for a French (Offensive, used by English Navy during 19th century against Napoleon Bonaparte's Navy)
- Canuck for a person from Canada
- Jap for a person from Japan (offensive, used around World War II)
- Chink for a person of Chinese or other East Asian descent (offensive, normally used by Britons)
- Kimchi for a person from Korea
- Kiwi for a New Zealander
- Kraut for a German (offensive, used since World War II)
- Keling for an Indian (very obscene word)
- Charlie for a Vietcong (mainly used around Vietnam War)
- Harp For an Irish person.
- Hong Kee for a Hongkonger (Used by some Malaysians and Singaporeans)
- Indon(s)For an Indonesian (used by Malaysians)
- Limey for an English person (U.S. usage); Pom or Pommy (Australian usage)
- Mac or Jock for a Scottish person
- 'Mank' for someone from Manchester, UK
- Mainlander for a person from The People's Republic of China, to distinguish them from Hongkonger or Taiwanese of Han Chinese ethnicity. Mainly used amoungst Asians.
- Mick For an Irish or Catholic person.
- Pinoy (or Noypi) for Filipino person
- Newfie for a person from Newfoundland and Labrador
- Queb' for a person from the province of Quebec
- Scouser for a person from Liverpool
- Taff for a Welsh person
- Ruskies for a Russian
- 'Seppo' for a person from the United States - Australian slang, orig. British rhyming slang. (Seppo - Septic - Septic Tank - Yank.)
- Tex for a person from Texas
- Wack for a person from Liverpool (obsolete)
- Yank or Yankee for a person from the United States, particularly those Americans from the U.S. Northeast (if used by someone from the U.S. South, the term is intended to be pejorative).

Relating to personal characteristics

7. A nickname may relate to the person's occupation. Examples:
- Chips for a carpenter
- Sparky or Sparks for an electrician or radio operator
- Chief for a boss 8. It may reference a person's physical characteristics. Examples:
- Baldy or Curly (ironic) for a bald person
- Tubby or Chubby for a fat person
- Lofty or Stretch for a tall person
- Four-eyes for a person with glasses (offensive)
- Specs for a person who wears glasses
- Red, Rusty or Firecrotch for a person with red hair
- Blondie for a person with blond hair
- Grey for a person who has a very Light Blue eye color, also called called the Grey eye color. It may be a sarcastic, or simply ironic, reference, e.g., Curly for someone with straight hair (or no hair at all) - this form is very typical in Australian English, e.g:
- Blue for a person with red hair
- Tiny for a very large person
- Dulz for a cross eyed person (offensive)
- Shorty for a very tall person
- Slick for a clumsy, awkward or shy person
- Slim for a fat person 9. It may relate to a person's character, imagined or real. Examples:
- Grumpy
- Swotty
- Romeo 10. It may relate to a specific incident or action. Example: Capability Brown was so called because he used the word "capability" instead of "possibility". Other examples include: Chemical Ali and Comical Ali. Many fictional characters have nicknames relating to events: Examples include the Red Comet, White Tiger, Desert Tiger and Hawk of Endymion. 11. It may compare the person with a famous or fictional character. Examples:
- Napoleon or Hitler for someone with a dictatorial manner 12. It may be related to their place of origin or place of residence. Examples:
- Gloucester, Paul from Gloucester or PFG for someone named Paul who comes from a town called Gloucester.
- Robin Hood (Robin of Hood), a famous fictional character.

Others

12. A famous person's nickname may be unique to them:
- Tippecanoe for William Henry Harrison
- Dubya for George W. Bush. Dubya is from the Texan pronunciation of 'w', Bush's middle initial.
- Jack The Dripper for painter Jackson Pollock who created many of his works by dripping paint over horizontal canvas 13. A person's nickname may have no traceable origin. For example, a person named "Harold" may be nicknamed "Fred" for no apparent reason, or a man who was named after a relative may ask his friends to call him "Chip" to avoid confusion.

Nicknames of geographical places

Cities

See also: list of city nicknames for a more comprehensive list.
- The Big Sweet Grass Basket, The Palmetto City, The Holy City, The Big C-H-S, The Marina City & Chucktown - Charleston, South Carolina
- Charm City - Baltimore, Maryland
- The Big Apple - New York, New York
- "The Windy City", "Second City", "City of Big Shoulders", and "Hog-Butcher To The World" - Chicago, Illinois. (These last two are from the poem by Carl Sandburg; see also Nicknames for Chicago.)
- The Forest City - Cleveland, Ohio
- The Big Easy - New Orleans, Louisiana
- Space City, Bayou City, H-Town, Oil Capital of the World - Houston, Texas
- Hotlanta/ATL/A-Town - Atlanta, Georgia
- The Circle City - Indianapolis, Indiana
- Bluff City, City of Churches - Memphis, Tennessee
- Mill City, City of Lakes, Twin_Cities - Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Motor City, De-twah (Mostly used by Michiganders), D-Town - Detroit, Michigan
- Music City - Nashville, Tennessee
- The Big Smoke - London, United Kingdom, also Toronto, Canada
- "Hogtown", "T-Dot"; and Centre of the Universe - Toronto, Canada, often used negatively by Canadians who live outside of Toronto due to the fact that the city is one of the financial and cultural hubs of Canada and that there is a perceived bias towards Toronto by the Canadian media and its Prime Minister
- Beantown - Boston, Massachusetts
- City of Angels - Los Angeles, California
- Pearl of the Orient - Hong Kong and Manila both claims this nickname.
- City of Brotherly Love - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Emerald City - Seattle, Washington
- City of Lights - Anchorage, Alaska
- Harbour City Sydney, Australia
- Winterpeg - Winnipeg, Canada Due to the city's extremely cold weather
- J-Ville, "Where Florida Begins" - Jacksonville, Florida
- Big D - Dallas, Texas
- BK/BX- Boroughs in New York City Brooklyn, New York and Bronx, New York

Countries


- The Great White North - Canada
- The Land Down Under - New Zealand & Australia
- L'hexagone (The Hexagon) - France
- The Fine Country - Singapore - Often in a sarcastic or satirical manner, as to playfully describe the law enforcement of Singapore as corruption-free and highly efficient; however, the island nation is also widely accepted has been imposing high fines to minor offences such as littering with such high effienciency that granted such nickname to the nation.
- The Land of the Rising Sun - Japan
- Da Lu (mainland - lit. 'Big Land') - mainland China
- The States, America - United States

Regions


- The Wet Coast - British Columbia, Canada; a play on "The West Coast" because that area of the country rains a lot
- The Left Coast - Washington, Oregon, and California, United States; due to their location in the country and general support of "the left" (liberal political ideology).
- Bridge of the World, Heart of the Universe (Spanish: Puente del Mundo, Corazón del Universo) - Republic of Panama; due to the convergence of the principal trade routes through its Panama Canal

Nicknames for political terms


- Red - a communist, but can also mean a rebel who is against the government; also, ironically, a member or supporter of the United States Republican Party
- Blue - a member or supporter of the United States Democratic Party
- Pinko - a borderline communist
- Hawk - a person who supports and pursues aggressive foreign policies, such as going to war in order to achieve his/her goals
- Dove - a person who supports and pursues peaceful means to conduct foreign policy, as opposed to war
- Skinhead - a neo-Nazi or a white supremacist
- Tory - a person belonging to the Conservative Party in Britain and Canada
- Grit - a person belonging to the Liberal Party in Canada
- The Little Red Book - the book that contains quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong, often called that because the book itself has a red cover and small enough to fit into a pocket

Nicknames for some common items


- boob tube, idiot box, telly, TV - television
- bug - Volkswagen Beetle
- head - toilet on a ship
- loo, john, potty - toilet
- Old Glory - the Flag of the United States

Nicknames for professions


- Beancounter - accountant
- Chippie, Wood Butcher - carpenter
- Cop, Pig/Bacon (usually a plural), Flatfoot, Blueboy - police officer
- Doc, Sawbones, Quack - doctor
- Fed - agent from the Federal Bureau of Investigation
- Foodie - chef
- Geo - geologist or geophysicist
- Loan Shark - a loan salesman
- Roomie - hotel employee
- Roughneck - oil rigger
- Sawbones - surgeon
- Shark, Ambulance Chaser - lawyer
- Shovelbums - archaeological field technicians
- Shrink - psychiatrist
- Spook (usually a plural) - (U.S. military) intelligence agent

Nicknames for companies


- "Big Blue" - IBM, computer hardware/software manufacturer
- "Bloblaws" or "Blah-Blahs" - Loblaws, Canadian supermarket chain
- "Burger Thing" - Burger King, global fast-food chain
- "K-Fry" or "K-Fried" - KFC, American fried chicken restaurant chain
- "The Little Thief" - Little Chef, UK roadside restaurant
- "Lose-It" - Loomis, Canadian courier company
- "Ma Bell" - AT&T, American telephone company
- "Mickey D's," "McDick's" "MacDo" mainly in France, though former usage common in Australia in addition to Australian "Macca's" - McDonald's, global fast-food chain
- "M$" or "Micro$loth" - Microsoft, American software company
- "Mothercorp" - Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Canadian national broadcaster
- "OOPS" - UPS, American courier service
- "Rotten Ron's" - McDonald's, global fast-food chain
- "Sooner-or-Later" - Purolator, Canadian courier company
- "Tar-Get" ("Get" pronounced "zhay")- Target retail store chain.
- "Timmy's," "Tim's" or "Timmy Ho's" - Tim Hortons, Canadian coffee and doughnut chain
- "Wally World" - Wal-Mart, global chain of retail stores.

Military nicknames


- G.I. - American soldier (short for Government Issue or General Infantry)
- Dogface, gopher, grunt, cannon fodder - infantry soldier
- D-boys, Delta boys, Deltas - Delta Force
- Zipperhead - armoured soldier
- Jarhead- United States Marine
- Gunbunny - artillery soldier
- Matelots, squids, swabies, deck ape, deck monkey - sailors
- Frogs - Navy Seals
- Leathernecks, jarheads - U.S. marines
- Puddle jumpers, shallow water sailors, weekend navy - United States Coast Guard
- Chairforce, airfarce - United States Air Force
- Blue job, wallet head - Canadian Air Force
- Blanket Stacker - members of Logistics or Engineering units
- Bin rat - Supply technician, Canadian Forces
- Redcap - British Military Police officer
- Pongos, Floating Heads and Diggers - Australian Army Soldiers
- Biggles - Australian Air Force Pilot
- Raffies - Australian Air Force Personnel See also: List of nicknames of British Army regiments; Regimental nicknames of the Canadian Forces

Sports clubs and their nicknames

Sporting clubs are often given nicknames. These may or may not be incorporated into official names or be used by the club. The names of animals or colours are popular. Examples:

Football (soccer)


- Les Aigles de Carthage (Eagles of Carthage) - Tunisia national team
- Albicelestes (The White-and-Sky-Blues) - Argentina national team
- All Whites - New Zealand national team
- Asini Volanti (Flying Donkeys) - Chievo Verona
- Gli Azzurri (Blues) - Italy national team
- Bafana Bafana (The Boys) - South Africa national team
- The Baggies - West Bromwich Albion
- Bajen - Hammarby IF
- Bhoys, Hoops - Celtic
- I Bianconeri (The White-and-Blacks), La Vecchia Signora (The Old Lady) - Juventus
- The Black Cats - Sunderland
- Blåvitt (Blue-White), Änglarna (The Angels) - IFK Göteborg
- Les Bleus - France national team
- Canaries - Norwich City
- Canaris - Nantes
- Los Ches - Valencia
- Colchoneros (Mattress Makers) - Atlético Madrid
- Chivas or Chivas Rayadas - Club Deportivo Guadalajara A.C.
- Les Diables Rouges, Rode Duivels (Red Devils in French and Dutch) - Belgium national team
- Los Diablos Rojos - Club Deportivo Toluca
- The Dons - Aberdeen, AFC Wimbledon, MK Dons
- Les Éléphants - Côte d'Ivoire national team
- Geißböcke (Billy Goats) - FC Köln
- 'Gers - Rangers
- Regele fotbalului(King of football) - Gheorghe Hagi
- Gnaget - AIK
- The Gunners - Arsenal
- The Hoops - Shamrock Rovers
- The Hoops - F.C. Dallas (USA)
- Jambos, Jam Tarts - Hearts
- Järnkaminerna (The Iron Stoves) - Djurgårdens IF
- Les Lions de l'Atlas (Lions of Atlas) - Morocco national team
- Les Lions de la Téranga - Senegal national team
- Lions Indomptables (Indomitable Lions) - Cameroon national team
- Makrillarna (The Mackerels) - GAIS
- Magpies - Newcastle United
- Matildas - Australia women's national team
- Los Merengues (The Whites), Los Galácticos (The Galactics) - Real Madrid
- Oranje (Orange), Clockwork Orange - Netherlands national team
- O Peixe (The Fish), O Alvinegro (The White-and-Black) - Santos
- Rams - Derby County
- Red Devils - Manchester United
- The Reds - Liverpool
- The Reggae Boyz - Jamaica national team
- Sky Blues - Coventry City
- Soccerroos - Australia national team
- Super Eagles - Nigeria national team
- Taeguk Warriors - South Korea national team
- Los Ticos - Costa Rica national team
- The Toffees - Everton
- Los Tricolores, El Tri - Mexico national team
- I Viola (The Purples) - Fiorentina
- United - Clubs named United often use their surname as a nickname.
- 'The Three Lions', 'St. George Cross' - England national team
- Panzer - Germany national team
- The Locomotive - Czech Republic national team
- The Dynamite - Denmark national team
- Wolves - Wolverhampton Wanderers

Australian Rules Football


- Fremantle Football Club - Dockers, Freo
- West Coast Eagles - Weagles
- Essendon Football Club - Dons, Bombers, Baby Bombers
- Collingwood Football Club - Woods, Colliwobbles
- St Kilda Football Club - Saints, Sainters
- Western Bulldogs - Dogs, Doggies
- Melbourne Football Club - Demons, Dees, Redlegs
- Carlton Football Club - Blueboys
- Sydney Swans - Swannies, Bloods, Blood Soaked Angels
- Kangaroos Football Club - Shinboners, Rooboys
- Hawthorn Football Club - Hawks, Hawkers
- Adelaide Football Club - Crows, Croweaters
- Geelong Football Club - Cats
- Port Adelaide Football Club - Power
- Richmond Football Club - Tigers, Tiges
- Papua New Guinea National Team - Mosquitos
- Samoa National Team - Bulldogs
- Irish National Team - Green Machine
- Nauru National Team - Chiefs
- Canada National Team - Northwind
- United States National Team - Revolution
- Denmark National Team - Vikings
- South African National Team - Buffaloes
- New Zealand National Team - Falcons
- British National Team - Bulldogs
- Spanish National Team - Bulls
- Japan National Team - Samurai

Rugby Union


- Baa-Baas - Barbarian F.C.
- All Blacks - New Zealand national team
- Les Bleus - France national team
- 'Ikale Tahi (Sea Eagles) - Tonga national team
- Leicester Tigers - Leicester Rugby Football Club
- Lelos - Georgia national team
- Manu Samoa - Samoa national team
- Los Pumas - Argentina national team
- Springboks - South Africa national team
- Wallabies - Australia national team

Baseball


- Arizona Diamondbacks - D-backs
- Atlanta Braves - Bravos, America's Team
- Baltimore Orioles - O's, Birds
- Boston Red Sox- BoSox; Carmines; New England Nine; Olde Towne Team; Red Sux (by haters)
- Chicago Cubs - Cubbies; Loveable Losers; Scrubs; Dubs; Northsiders; Build-a-Bears (by haters).
- Chicago White Sox - ChiSox; "Da Sox"; Pale Hose; Southsiders; Black Sox (during the 1919 World Series); White Sux (by haters), Sox Suxs (by haters who think "White Sux" is offensive).
- Cincinnati Reds - Redlegs; nicknamed "The Big Red Machine" during the team's run in the 1970's, when they won the division 6 times and appeared in the World Series 4 times
- Cleveland Indians - The Tribe
- Detroit Tigers - The Motor City Kitties
- Florida Marlins - Fish; Fighting Fish; The Men of Teal
- Houston Astros - 'Stros
- Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim - Halos; Seraphs
- Los Angeles Dodgers - Bums (from their Brooklyn days; usage in L.A. has faded with time)
- Milwaukee Brewers - Brew Crew; Brew-has; Proffessional Alcoholics (by haters)
- Minnesota Twins - Twinkies
- New York Mets - nicknamed "The Loveable Losers" when they first started playing, the Kings of Queens; The Amazin' Mets
- New York Yankees - The Bronx Bombers; The Pinstripes; Yanks; Dream Dashers; Bronx Bitches (by haters); Evil empire (by haters).
- Oakland Athletics - A's; F's (by haters, in reference to grades in school)
- Pittsburgh Pirates - Bucs; Buc-o's
- Philadelphia Phillies - Fightin'; Phils; Philthies; Sillies
- St. Louis Cardinals - Cards; Redbirds
- San Diego Padres - Pods; Friars
- San Francisco Giants - Jints (rhymes with "pints")
- Tampa Bay Devil Rays - D-rays; Rays
- Washington Nationals- Nats

Basketball


- Gli Azzurri - Italy national team
- Les Bleus - France national team
- Cavs - Cleveland Cavaliers
- Knickerbockers - New York Knicks
- Blazers- Portland Trailblazers
- Mavs - Dallas Mavericks
- Sixers - Philadelphia 76ers
- Sonics, or Supe's - Seattle SuperSonics
- Tall Blacks - New Zealand national team

Cricket


- Black Caps - New Zealand national team
- Proteas - South Africa national team
- The Men in Blue - India national team
- Baggy Greens - Australian cricket team

American Football


- Atlanta Falcons - The Dirty Birds
- Carolina Panthers - Cardiac Cats (Due to winning/losing many games in the closing seconds during the 2003 season)
- Chicago Bears - Da Bears; Monsters of the Midway
- Cleveland Browns - Dawgs (from the Dawg Pound, a famously rowdy bleacher section of the team's former home, Cleveland Stadium, since transferred to today's Cleveland Browns Stadium)
-