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Iris Adrian

Iris Adrian

Iris Adrian (29 May, 1912 – 17 September, 1994) was an American film actress. Born in Los Angeles, California, Adrian won a beauty pageant and worked with the Ziegfeld Follies, before she entered films at the end of the silent era in Chasing Husbands, (1928). During the 1930s she specialised in playing glamorous gold-diggers and gangsters' "dames", and played supporting roles in numerous features. She was considered a versatile actress, who could play drama or comedy, and she was also regarded as a capable dancer, dancing in a couple of films with George Raft. She continued to act regularly without achieving star status and by the end of the 1960s had appeared in more than one hundred films. In her later years she appeared in several Walt Disney films, including That Darn Cat! (1965), The Love Bug (1970), The Shaggy D.A. (1976) and Freaky Friday (1976). She also played numerous guest roles in such television series as Get Smart, The Beverly Hillbillies, Green Acres, Petticoat Junction, The Munsters and The Love Boat. She was married three times, the first time to Charles Over in 1935 (divorced in 1936), the second to George Jay, and her final marriage was to Ray "Fido" Murphy which lasted over 30 years. Known for sense of humour, she wryly commented in an interview late in her life that the only thing she did not like about ageing was that she could no longer attract gangsters. She died in Los Angeles, from injuries she sustained during the 1994 Northridge earthquake nine months earlier, and was interred in the Forest Lawn Cemetery.

External links


- Adrian, Iris Adrian, Iris Adrian, Iris Adrian, Iris Adrian, Iris

29 May

May 29 is the 149th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (150th in leap years). There are 216 days remaining.

Events


- 757 - Paul I succeeds Stephen III as pope
- 1167 - Battle of Legano, in which The Lombard League defeats Emperor Frederick I.
- 1414 - Council of Constance.
- 1453 - Ottoman armies under Sultan Mehmed II Fatih capture Constantinople after a siege, ending the Byzantine Empire.
- 1660 - English Restoration: Charles II is restored to the throne of England.
- 1677 - Treaty of Middle Plantation establishes peace between the Virginia colonists and the local Indians.
- 1727 - Peter II becomes Tsar of Russia.
- 1733 - Right of Canadians to keep Indian slaves upheld at Quebec City.
- 1790 - Rhode Island becomes the last of the original United States colonies to ratify the Constitution and is admitted as the 13th U.S. state.
- 1848 - Wisconsin is admitted as the 30th U.S. state.
- 1864 - Emperor Maximilian of Mexico arrives in Mexico for the first time.
- 1867 - Austro-Hungarian agreement called Ausgleich ("the Compromise") is born through Act 12, which established the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy; on June 8 Emperor Francis Joseph was crowned King of Hungary
- 1886 - Chemist John Pemberton places his first advertisement for Coca-Cola, the ad appearing in the Atlanta Journal.
- 1886 - Putney Bridge opened in west London.
- 1913 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris.
- 1914 - Ocean liner RMS Empress of Ireland sinks in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; 1,024 lives lost.
- 1919 - Observation of shifted star positions during a solar eclipse confirm Albert Einstein's theory of relativity (see Arthur Eddington).
- 1950 - St. Roch, first ship to circumnavigate North America, arrives in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
- 1953 - Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay are the first people to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
- 1977 - Janet Guthrie becomes the first woman to qualify for the Indianapolis 500.
- 1985 - Heysel Stadium disaster: In Brussels, Belgium, 39 football fans die and hundreds are injured during a riot at a European Cup match.
- 1985 - Amputee Steve Fonyo completes cross-Canada marathon at Victoria, British Columbia, after 14 months.
- 1994 - Herbert Shughart refuses to shake hands with U.S. President Bill Clinton following a presentation of posthumous Congressional Medals of Honor to the widows of two soldiers for valor in Somalia. "You are not fit to be president of the United States," said Shughart Senior. "The blame for my son's death rests with the White House and with you. You are not fit to command." President Clinton replied to Mrs. Shughart, "What's he jumping on me for? I didn't kill the kid!" [http://www.sweetness-light.com/?p=38][http://www.urbin.net/EWW/polyticks/pres-mil.html]
- 1999 - In Jerusalem, Israel, Charlotte Nilsson wins the 44th Eurovision Song Contest for Sweden singing "Take Me To Your Heaven."
- 2004 - The World War II Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.
- 2004 - The Al-Khobar massacres in Saudi Arabia kill 22.
- 2005 - Dan Wheldon wins a history-making 89th Indianapolis 500, in that Danica Patrick finishes fourth (the highest position ever achieved by a female driver) and also becomes the first ever to lead a lap.
- 2005 - France, one of the founders of a united Europe, resoundingly rejects the European Constitution, throwing the idea of a European Union into question and leaving the continent in a state of anxiety and uncertainty (see French referendum on the European Constitution).
- 2005 - London Knights Win the Memorial Cup in Canada.

Births


- 1265 - Dante Alighieri, Florentine poet (d. 1321)
- 1594 - Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim, Bavarian general (d. 1632)
- 1627 - Anne, Duchess of Montpensier, French writer (d. 1693)
- 1630 - King Charles II of England (d. 1685)
- 1660 - Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, English friend of Queen Anne of England (d. 1744)
- 1675 - Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (d. 1715)
- 1716 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (d. 1800)
- 1722 - James FitzGerald, 1st Duke of Leinster, Irish politician (d. 1773)
- 1736 - Patrick Henry, American patriot (d. 1799)
- 1860 - Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (d. 1909)
- 1863 - Arthur Mold, English cricketer (d. 1921)
- 1874 - G. K. Chesterton, English novelist (d. 1936)
- 1880 - Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (d. 1936)
- 1892 - Alfonsina Storni, Argentine writer (d. 1938)
- 1893 - Max Brand, American author and war correspondent (d. 1944)
- 1894 - Beatrice Lillie, Canadian actress (d. 1989)
- 1894 - Josef von Sternberg, Austrian-born writer and film director (d. 1969)
- 1897 - Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Austrian composer (d. 1957)
- 1903 - Bob Hope, British-born comedian and actor (d. 2003)
- 1906 - T.H. White, British author (d. 1964)
- 1913 - Tony Zale, American boxer (d. 1997)
- 1914 - Tenzing Norgay, Nepalese sherpa (d. 1986)
- 1915 - Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d. 1990)
- 1917 - John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (d. 1963)
- 1920 - John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- 1922 - Iannis Xenakis, Greek composer (d. 2001)
- 1933 - Helmuth Rilling, German conductor
- 1933 - Edward Whittemore, American writer
- 1938 - Fay Vincent, baseball commissioner
- 1939 - Al Unser, American race car driver
- 1940 - Farooq Leghari, President of Pakistan
- 1942 - Kevin Conway, American actor
- 1946 - Fernando Buesa, Basque politician (d. 2000)
- 1948 - Anthony Geary, American actor
- 1953 - Danny Elfman, American composer and musician (Oingo Boingo)
- 1955 - John Hinckley Jr., American attempted assassin
- 1956 - LaToya Jackson, American musician
- 1957 - Jeb Hensarling, American politician
- 1958 - Annette Bening, American actress
- 1959 - Rupert Everett, English actor
- 1959 - Adrian Paul, English actor
- 1961 - Melissa Etheridge, American musician
- 1962 - Eric Davis, Professional Baseball Player
- 1962 - John D. LeMay, American actor
- 1963 - Lisa Whelchel, American actress
- 1967 - Noel Gallagher, English musician (Oasis)
- 1975 - Melanie Brown, English musician and actress
- 1984 - Carmelo Anthony, American basketball player

Deaths


- 1259 - King Christopher I of Denmark (b. 1219)
- 1379 - King Henry II of Castile (b. 1334)
- 1405 - Philippe de Mézières, advisor to Charles V of France
- 1425 - Hongxi Emperor of China (b. 1378)
- 1453 - Constantine XI Palaeologus, last Byzantine Emperor (killed in battle) (b. 1404)
- 1500 - Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese explorer
- 1546 - David Beaton, Scottish Catholic cardinal
- 1593 - John Penry, Welsh protestant leader (b. 1559)
- 1660 - Frans van Schooten, Dutch mathematician (b. 1615)
- 1691 - Cornelis Tromp, Dutch admiral (b. 1629)
- 1790 - Israel Putnam, American Revolutionary War general (b. 1718)
- 1796 - Carl Fredrik Pechlin, Swedish politician (b. 1720)
- 1814 - Joséphine de Beauharnais, Empress of France (b. 1763)
- 1847 - Emmanuel, marquis de Grouchy, French marshal (b. 1766)
- 1866 - Winfield Scott, American general and presidential candidate (b. 1786)
- 1882 - Vasily Perov, Russian painter (b. 1833)
- 1892 - Bahá'u'lláh, Persian founder of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1817)
- 1903 - Alexander Obrenovich, King of Serbia (b. 1876)
- 1910 - Mily Balakirev, Russian composer (b. 1837)
- 1911 - William S. Gilbert, English dramatist (b. 1836)
- 1935 - Josef Suk, Czech composer and violinist (b. 1874)
- 1942 - John Barrymore, American actor (b. 1882)
- 1948 - Dame May Whitty, English actress (b. 1865)
- 1951 - Fanny Brice, American singer, comedienne, and actress (b. 1891)
- 1953 - Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (b. 1891)
- 1958 - Juan Ramón Jiménez, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
- 1979 - Mary Pickford, Canadian actress and studio founder (b. 1892)
- 1982 - Romy Schneider, Austrian actress (cardiac arrest) (b. 1938)
- 1989 - John Cipollina, American musician (Quicksilver Messenger Service) (b. 1943)
- 1993 - Billy Conn, American boxer (b. 1917)
- 1994 - Erich Honecker, leader of East Germany (b. 1912)
- 1997 - Jeff Buckley, American musician (drowned) (b. 1966)
- 1998 - Barry M. Goldwater, U.S. Senator from Arizona and Presidential candidate (b. 1909)
- 2004 - Archibald Cox, Jr., American Watergate special prosecutor (b. 1912)
- 2004 - Samuel Dash, American Congressional counsel (b. 1925)
- 2005 - George Rochberg, American composer (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances


- Bahá'í Faith: Ascension of Bahá'u'llah
- United Kingdom: Oak Apple Day
- Nigeria: Democracy Day Nigeria returns to democratical form of governance after 16 years of military dictatorship.

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/29 BBC: On This Day]
- [http://www.tnl.net/when/5/29 Today in History: May 29] ---- May 28 - May 30 - April 29 - June 29 - listing of all days ko:5월 29일 ms:29 Mei ja:5月29日 simple:May 29 th:29 พฤษภาคม

1912

1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday.

Events

January-March


- January 1 - Establishment of Republic of China.
- January 5 - Prague Party Conference
- January 6 - New Mexico is admitted as the 47th U.S. state.
- January 17 - British polar explorer Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four begin the second expedition to reach the South Pole.
- January 23 - The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.
- February 8 - Mexican Revolution - Military rebellion against the rule of Francisco Madero begins in Mexico City. Battles last for 10 days
- February 12 - Republic of China adopts the Gregorian calendar
- February 14 - Arizona is admitted as the 48th U.S. state.
- February 14 - In Groton, Connecticut, the first diesel-powered submarine is commissioned.
- February 18 - Francisco Madero is forced to resign - battle ends. All members of Madero's government are arrested.
- February 19 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time
- February 22 - Francisco Madero and Pino Suarez are shot, allegedly when they "tried to escape"
- March 1 - Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.
- March 1 - Georg Ritter von Trapp, head of the famous Austrian singing family memorialized in the musical The Sound of Music marries Agathe
- March 5 - Italian forces are the first to use airships for a military purpose by using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines.
- March 7 - Roald Amundsen announces discovery of the South Pole
- March 7 - French aviator Henri Seimet makes the first non-stop flight from Paris to London in three hours
- March 12 - The Girl Guides (later renamed the Girl Scouts) are founded.
- March 16 - Lawrence Oates, ill member of Scott's South Pole expedition leaves the tent saying, "I am just going outside and may be some time"
- March 27 - Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo gives 3,000 cherry blossom trees to be planted in Washington, D.C. to symbolize the friendship between the two countries.
- March 30 - France establishes a protectorate over Morocco.

April-September


- April 15 - Sinking of the RMS Titanic.
- April 17 - Solar eclipse in Europe.
- April 19 - United States Senate inquiry into the Titanic sinking begins.
- May 2 - British Board of Trade inquiry into the sinking of Titanic begins.
- May 3 - The first victims of the RMS Titanic are buried in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
- May 5 - The 1912 Summer Olympics open in Stockholm, Sweden.
- May 13 - In the United Kingdom, the Royal Flying Corps (forerunner of the Royal Air Force) is established.
- June 4 - Fire in Constantinople - 1120 buildings destroyed
- June 5 - US Marines land on Cuba
- June 6-June 8 - Eruption of Novarupta in Alaska, second largest volcanic eruption in historic time.
- June 8 - Carl Laemmle incorporated Universal Pictures.
- July 12 - Greek island of Icana declares independence (Greece annexes it in November)
- July 19 - A meteorite with an estimated mass of 190 kg exploded over the town of Holbrook in Navajo County, Arizona causing approximately 16,000 pieces of debris to rain down on the town.
- July 30 - the Meiji Emperor of Japan, dies. He is succeeded by his son Yoshihito, the Taisho Emperor. In Japanese History, the event marks the end of the Meiji period and the beginning of the Taisho Era.
- August 12 - Sultan Abd al-Hafiz of Morocco abdicates.
- August 25 - Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party is founded.
- September 25 - Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism founded in New York,_New York.

October-November


- October 8 - First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against Turkey.
- October 14 - While campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot by saloonkeeper William Schrank. With a fresh flesh wound and the bullet still in him, Roosevelt still delivers his scheduled speech.
- October 16 - Bulgarian pilots Radul Minkov and Prodan Toprakchiev perform the first bombing with an airplane in history at the railway station of Karaagac near Edirne against Turkey.
- November 5 - U.S. presidential election, 1912: Democratic challenger Woodrow Wilson wins a landslide victory over Republican incumbent William Howard Taft. Taft's base was undercut by Progressive Party candidate (and former Republican) Theodore Roosevelt, who finished second, ahead of Taft.
- November 7 - The Deutsche Opernhaus (now Deutsche Oper Berlin) opened in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg with a production of Beethoven's Fidelio.
- November 11 - Chios declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
- November 24 - Mine explosion in Hokkaido, Japan - 245 dead
- November 27 - Spain declares a protectorate over the north shore of Morocco.
- November 28 - Albania declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire.

December


- December 3 - First Balkan War ends temporarily - Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League) sign an armistice with Turkey, ending the two-month long war.

Unknown dates


- Sea Scouting begins under the aegis of the Boy Scouts of America.
- Kazimierz Funk identifies vitamins.
- The first blues song, "The Memphis Blues," is published.
- Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of continental drift.
- Mount Katmai in Alaska explodes.
- Piltdown Man presented in Britain.
- British treasure hunters try to drain Lake Guatavita to find gold – they find nothing.
- African National Congress

Births

January-February


- January 1 - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)
- January 3 - Armand Lohikoski, Finnish director (d. 2005)
- January 6 - Jacques Ellul, French philosopher (d. 1994)
- January 7 - Charles Addams, American cartoonist (d. 1988)
- January 8 - José Ferrer, Puerto Rican actor (d. 1992)
- January 19 - Leonid Kantorovich, Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
- January 21 - Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2000)
- January 28 - Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956)
- January 30 - Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian (d. 1989)
- February 4 - Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian conductor (d. 1993)
- February 6 - Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler's mistress (d. 1945)
- February 11 - Roy Fuller, English poet and novelist (d. 1991)
- February 19 - Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979)
- February 20 - Pierre Boulle, French author (d. 1994)
- February 27 - Lawrence Durrell, British writer (d. 1990)

March-April


- March 5 - David Astor, British newspaper publisher (d. 2001)
- March 8 - Preston Smith, Governor of Texas (d. 2003)
- March 12 - Irving Layton, Canadian poet
- March 14 - Les Brown, American band leader (d. 2001)
- March 15 - Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (d. 1982)
- March 16 - Pat Nixon, First Lady of the United States (d. 1993)
- March 17 - Bayard Rustin, American civil rights activist (d. 1987)
- March 18 - Lucien Laurin, Canadian horse trainer (d. 2000)
- March 22 - Karl Malden, American actor
- March 23 - Betty Astell, British actress (d. 2005)
- March 23 - Wernher von Braun, German-born physicist and engineer (d. 1977)
- March 27 - James Callaghan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
- April 8 - Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (d. 1969)
- April 12 - Walt Gorney, American actor (d. 2004)
- April 15 - Kim Il Sung, President of North Korea (d. 1994)
- April 19 - Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- April 22 - Kathleen Ferrier, British contralto (d. 1953)
- April 26 - A. E. van Vogt, Canadian-born writer (d. 2000)
- April 28 - Odette Sansom, French World War II heroine (d. 1995)

May-July


- May 3 - Virgil Fox, American organist (d. 1980)
- May 9 - Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican actor (d. 1963)
- May 9 - Per Imerslund, "The aryan idol" (d. 1943)
- May 11 - Foster Brooks, American actor and comedian (d. 2001)
- May 12 - Archibald Cox, Watergate special prosecutor (d. 2001)
- May 14 - Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997)
- May 16 - Studs Terkel, American writer and broadcaster
- May 18 - Perry Como, American singer (d. 2001)
- May 18 - Walter Sisulu, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 2003)
- May 21 - Monty Stratton, baseball player (d. 1982)
- May 22 - Herbert C. Brown, English-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
- May 23 - Jean Françaix, French composer (d. 1997)
- May 23 - John Payne, American actor (d. 1989)
- May 25 - Princess Dukhye of Korea (d. 1989)
- May 27 - Sam Snead, American golfer (d. 2002)
- May 28 - Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
- May 30 - Julius Axelrod, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2004)
- May 31 - Alfred Deller, English countertenor (d. 1979)
- June 6 - Maria Montez, Dominican actress (d. 1951)
- June 23 - Alan Turing, British mathematician (d. 1954)
- June 25 - William T. Cahill, American politician (d. 1996)
- June 26 - Jay Silverheels, American actor (d. 1980)
- June 27 - Chen Kenmin, Japanese chef (d. 1990)
- June 30 - Ludwig Bölkow, German aeronautical engineer (d. 2003)
- July 1 - David R. Brower, American environmentalist (d. 2000)
- July 14 - Woody Guthrie, American folk musician (d. 1969)
- July 17 - Art Linkletter, American television host
- July 31 - Milton Friedman, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 31 - Irv Kupcinet, American newspaper columnist (d. 2003)

August-November


- August 9 - Anne Brown, American soprano
- August 10 - Jorge Amado de Faria, Brazilian author (d. 2001)
- August 11 - Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 2004)
- August 11 - Norman Levinson, American mathematician (d. 1975)
- August 13 - Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1991)
- August 15 - Julia Child, American chef (d. 2004)
- August 16 - Ted Drake, English footballer (d. 1995)
- August 16 - Wendy Hiller, English actress (d. 2003)
- August 23 - Gene Kelly, American actor (d. 1996)
- August 25 - Erich Honecker, East German leader (d. 1994)
- August 30 - Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
- August 30 - Nancy Wake, New Zealand World War II heroine
- September 5 - John Cage, American composer (d. 1992)
- September 11 - David Packard, American electrical engineer (d. 1996)
- September 19 - Kurt Sanderling, German conductor
- September 21 - Chuck Jones, American animator (d. 2002)
- September 22 - Martha Scott, American actress (d. 2003)
- September 24 - Don Porter, American actor (d. 1997)
- September 29 - Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director
- October 5 - Karl Hass, Nazi war criminal (d. 2004)
- October 5 - Kristina Söderbaum, German actress (d. 2001)
- October 17 - Pope John Paul I (d. 1978)
- October 21 - Georg Solti, Hungarian conductor (d. 1997)
- October 22 - Johan Hendrik Weidner, Belgian World War II resistance fighter (d. 1994)
- October 25 - Minnie Pearl, American commedienne (d. 1996)
- October 27 - Conlon Nancarrow, American composer (d. 1997)
- November 4 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
- November 10 - Birdie Tebbetts, baseball player and manager (d. 1999)
- November 11 - Larry LaPrise American songwriter (d. 1996)
- November 14 - Barbara Hutton, American socialite (d. 1979)
- November 14 - T. Y. Lin, Chinese-born civil engineer (d. 2003)
- November 19 - George Emil Palade, Romanian cell biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- November 21 - Eleanor Powell, American actress and dancer (d. 1982)
- November 26 - Eugene Ionesco, Romanian-born playwright (d. 1994)

December


- December 11 - Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer
- December 12 - Henry Armstrong, American boxer (d. 1988)
- December 25 - Natalino Otto, Italian singer (d. 1969)
- December 27 - Conroy Maddox, British painter (d. 2005)

Deaths


- January 28 - Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist (b. 1819)
- February 16 - Nikolai of Japan, Eastern Orthodox monk and saint (b. 1836)
- February 25 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1852)
- March 1 - George Grossmith, English actor and comic writer (b. 1847)
- March 29 - Robert Falcon Scott, British Antarctic explorer (froze to death) (b. 1868)
- March 30 - Karl May, German author (b. 1842)
- April 15 - Victims of the sinking of the RMS Titanic:
  - Edward J. Smith, ship's captain (b. 1850)
  - John Jacob Astor IV, American businessman (b. 1864)
  - Archibald Butt, American presidential aide (b. 1865)
  - Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman (b. 1865)
  - William Thomas Stead, English journalist (b. 1849)
  - Isidor Straus, German-American owner of Macy's (b. 1845)
  - Thomas Andrews, Jr., Titanic shipbuilder (b.1873)
- May 14 - August Strindberg, Swedish playwright and painter (b. 1849)
- May 14 - Frederick VIII, King of Denmark (b. 1843)
- May 25 - Austin Lane Crothers, American politician (b. 1860)
- May 30 - Wilbur Wright, American aviation pioneer (b. 1867)
- June 12 - Frédéric Passy, French economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1822)
- July 1 - Harriet Quimby, American pilot (b. 1875)
- July 2 - Tom Richardson, English cricketer (b. 1870)
- July 30 - Meiji Emperor of Japan (b. 1852)
- August 7 - François-Alphonse Forel, Swiss hydrologist (b. 1841)
- August 8 - Ross Winn, American anarchist writer and publisher (b. 1871)
- October 6 - Auguste Marie Francois Beernaert, Belgian statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1829)
- October 24 - Mykola Lysenko, Ukrainian composer (b. 1842)
- October 30 - James S. Sherman, Vice President of the United States (b. 1855)
- November 10 - Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (b. 1863)
- November 28 - Walter Benona Sharp, American oil pioneer (b. 1870)
- December 23 - Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist (b. 1850)

Nobel Prizes


- Physics - Nils Gustaf Dalén
- Chemistry - Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier
- Medicine - Alexis Carrel
- Literature - Gerhart Johann Robert Hauptmann
- Peace - Elihu Root Category:1912 ko:1912년 ms:1912 ja:1912年 simple:1912 th:พ.ศ. 2455

17 September

September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). There are 105 days remaining.

Events


- 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought.
- 1394 - King Charles VI of France orders all Jews expelled from France.
- 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec) is fought during Thirteen Years' War
- 1577 - Peace of Bergerac signed between Henry III of France and the Huguenots.
- 1630 - The city of Boston, Massachusetts, is founded.
- 1776 - The Presidio of San Francisco is founded in New Spain.
- 1787 - The United States Constitution is adopted by the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia.
- 1809 - Peace between Sweden and Russia in the Finnish War. The territory to become Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
- 1859 - Joshua A. Norton declares himself Emperor Norton I of the United States.
- 1862 - American Civil War: George McClellan halts the northward drive of Robert E. Lee's Confederate army in the Battle of Antietam.
- 1894 - Battle of Yalu River, the largest naval engagement of the First Sino-Japanese War.
- 1900 - Philippine-American War: Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeat Americans under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham at Mabitac.
- 1908 - Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge crashes a Wright Brothers airplane and becomes the first airplane fatality.
- 1914 - Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.
- 1920 - National Football League is organized in Canton, Ohio, United States.
- 1924 - The Border Defence Corps was established in the Second Polish Republic for the defence of the eastern border against armed Soviet raids and local bandits.
- 1939 - The Soviet Union joined Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland during the Polish Defence War of 1939.
- 1939- Taisto Mäki of Finland. New world record on 10.000m. 29.52.6. First time under 30 min. In Helsinki Olympic stadium in Finland. The stadium was build for the 1940 Olympic games after the games were moved there from Tokyo Japan. The games never took place.
- 1943 - Russian city of Bryansk liberated from Nazis.
- 1944 - Airborne troops from the Allies parachute into Arnhem, as a part of Operation Market Garden.
- 1947 - James V. Forrestal was sworn in as the first Secretary of Defense of United States.
- 1948 - Lehi (also know as the Stern gang) assassinates Count Folke Bernadotte, who was appointed by the UN to mediate between the Arabs and Jews.
- 1949 - The Canadian steamship SS Noronic burns in Toronto Harbor with the loss of over 118 lives.
- 1951 - Robert A. Lovett was sworn in as the 4th Secretary of Defense of United States.
- 1961 - The Minnesota Vikings play their first NFL game, defeating the Chicago Bears 37-13, with Fran Tarkenton throwing 4 touchdowns and running for 1 touchdown.
- 1967 - Jim Morrison and The Doors defy CBS censors on The Ed Sullivan Show. Morrison sang the lyrics, "Girl, we couldn't get much higher" from the song, Light My Fire when asked not to.
- 1976 - The first Space Shuttle, Enterprise, was unveiled by NASA
- 1978 - The Camp David Accords were signed by Israel and Egypt.
- 1983 - Vanessa Williams becomes first African American Miss America.
- 1984 - Brian Mulroney is sworn in as Prime Minister of Canada.
- 1984 - Baseball: Reggie Jackson becomes the 13th member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Anaheim Stadium in Anaheim, California.
- 1988 - Opening ceremony of the Games of the XXIV Olympiad in Seoul, South Korea.
- 1991 - North Korea, South Korea, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, the Marshall Islands and Micronesia join the United Nations.
- 1991 - The first version of the Linux kernel (0.01) is released to the Internet.
- 2001 - The Late Show with David Letterman is the first TV talk show to return to the airwaves six days after terrorists attack the United States in New York City and Washington D.C.
- 2001 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average opens for the first time after the September 11 attacks. The stocks plummet throughout the trading session and posts its biggest point drop in its history closing down 684.81 points to 8920.70.
- 2004 - Tamil is declared first classical language in India.
- 2004 - Barry Bonds becomes only the third Major League Baseball player to hit 700 or more home runs.
- 2005 - The B.C. Lions make CFL history by winning 11 straight games, become the first team ever to do so in the CFL.

Births


- 64 - Julia Flavia, daughter of Roman Emperor Titus, lover of his brother Domitian.
- 879 - King Charles III of France (d. 929)
- 1192 - Minamoto no Sanetomo Japanese shogun (d. 1219)
- 1271 - King Wenceslas II of Bohemia and Poland (d. 1305)
- 1550 - Pope Paul V (d. 1621)
- 1580 - Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer (d. 1645)
- 1630 - Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1694)
- 1639 - Hans Herr, Swiss-born Mennonite bishop (d. 1725)
- 1657 - Sophia Alekseyevna, regent of Russian (d. 1704)
- 1677 - Stephen Hales, English physiologist, chemist, and inventor (d. 1761)
- 1687 - Durastante Natalucci, Italian historian (d. 1772)
- 1730 - Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, Prussian army officer (d. 1794)
- 1743 - Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician, philosopher, and political scientist (d. 1794)
- 1819 - Thomas Hendricks, Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
- 1820 - Émile Augier, French dramatist (d. 1889)
- 1826 - Bernhard Riemann, German mathematician (d. 1866)
- 1857 - Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Russian rocket scientist and inventor (d. 1935)
- 1869 - Christian Lous Lange, Norwegian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1938)
- 1881 - Alfred Francis Blakeney Carpenter, English soldier (d. 1955)
- 1883 - William Carlos Williams, American physician and writer (d. 1963)
- 1884 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (d. 1920)
- 1897 - Earl Webb, baseball player (d. 1965)
- 1900 - John Willard Marriott, American hotelier (d. 1985)
- 1903 - Karel Miljon, Dutch boxer (d. 1984)
- 1907 - Warren Burger, 15th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1995)
- 1918 - Chaim Herzog, President of Israel (d. 1997)
- 1922 - Agostinho Neto, Angolan politician (d. 1979)
- 1923 - Hank Williams, American musician (d. 1953)
- 1927 - George Blanda, American football player
- 1928 - Roddy McDowall, English actor (d. 1998)
- 1929 - Sir Stirling Moss, English race car driver
- 1930 - Edgar Mitchell, astronaut
- 1931 - Anne Bancroft, American actress (d. 2005)
- 1933 - Dorothy Loudon, American actress (d. 2003)
- 1934 - Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (d. 1969)
- 1935 - Ken Kesey, American author (d. 2001)
- 1937 - Orlando Cepeda, Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player
- 1939 - David Souter, U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice
- 1941 - Bob Matsui, U.S. Congressman from California (d. 2005)
- 1942 - Des Lynam, English television presenter
- 1944 - Reinhold Messner, Austrian mountain climber
- 1947 - Tessa Jowell, British politician
- 1947 - Jeff MacNelly, American political cartoonist
- 1948 - John Ritter, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1950 - Narendra Modi, Indian politician
- 1951 - Cassandra Peterson, American actress
- 1956 - Rita Rudner, American comedienne
- 1957 - Omar Q. Beckins, American medical researcher (d. 1989)
- 1960 - Damon Hill, English race car driver
- 1962 - Baz Luhrmann, Australian-born film director and producer
- 1965 - Bryan Singer, American director
- 1965 - Gore Verbinski, American director
- 1969 - Ken Doherty, Irish snooker player
- 1973 - Anastacia, American singer
- 1974 - Rasheed Wallace, American basketball player
- 1975 - Jimmie Johnson, American race car driver
- 1975 - Constantine Maroulis, American singer
- 1983 - Jennifer Peña, American singer

Deaths


- 1179 - Hildegard of Bingen, German abbess, mystic writer, and composer (b. 1098)
- 1322 - Robert III of Flanders (b. 1249)
- 1563 - Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, English soldier
- 1574 - Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, first Spanish Governor of Florida (b. 1519)
- 1575 - Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss religious reformer (b. 1504)
- 1621 - Robert Bellarmine, Italian saint (b. 1542)
- 1630 - Thomas Lake, English statesman (b. 1567)
- 1665 - King Philip IV of Spain (b. 1605)
- 1679 - John of Austria the Younger, Spanish general (b. 1629)
- 1727 - Glückel of Hameln, German businesswoman and diarist (b. 1647)
- 1762 - Francesco Geminiani, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1687)
- 1771 - Tobias Smollett, Scottish novelist (b. 1721)
- 1808 - Benjamin Bourne, American politician (b. 1755)
- 1836 - Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, French botanist (b. 1748)
- 1863 - Alfred de Vigny, French author (b. 1797)
- 1873 - Alexander Berry, Scottish adventurer and settler in Australia (b. 1781)
- 1879 - Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (b. 1814)
- 1907 - Ignaz Brüll, Austrian pianist (b. 1846)
- 1933 - Joseph De Piro, Maltese missionary (b. 1877)
- 1936 - Ettie Rout, New Zealand activist (b. 1877)
- 1938 - Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet (b. 1901)
- 1966 - Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (b. 1930)
- 1972 - Akim Tamiroff, Georgian actor (b. 1899)
- 1973 - Hugo Winterhalter, American bandleader (b. 1909)
- 1980 - Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (b. 1925)
- 1984 - Richard Basehart, American actor (b. 1914)
- 1991 - Zino Francescatti, French violinist (b. 1902)
- 1993 - Christian Nyby, American film and television director (b. 1913)
- 1996 - Spiro Agnew, Vice President of the United States (b. 1918)
- 1997 - Red Skelton, American actor and comedian (b. 1913)
- 2003 - Erich Hallhuber, German actor (b. 1951)
- 2003 - Sheb Wooley, American actor and singer (b. 1921)
- 2005 - Alfred Reed, American composer (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances


- The fourth day of the Eleusinian Mysteries in ancient Greek mythology, when the initiates sacrificed a pig.
- RC Saints - Feasts of Saint Lambert (martyr), Hildegard of Bingen Also see September 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Angola - National Heroes' Day
- Netherlands - Operation Market Garden is still remembered with parachuting and dedications on this day.
- United States - Constitution Day (observed on the previous Friday if it falls in a weekend), Citizenship Day, Von Steuben Day

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/17 BBC: On This Day] ---- September 16 · September 18 · August 17 · October 17 · more historical anniversaries ko:9월 17일 ms:17 September ja:9月17日 simple:September 17 th:17 กันยายน

United States

:For alternative meanings, see the disambiguation page for US, USA, United States, or American. The United States of America is a federal democratic republic situated primarily in central North America. It comprises 50 states and one federal district, and has several territories. It is also referred to, with varying formality, as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., the States, or simply and most commonly, America. The official founding date of the United States is July 4, 1776, when the Second Continental Congress—representing thirteen British colonies—adopted the Declaration of Independence. However, the structure of the government was profoundly changed in 1788, when the states replaced the Articles of Confederation with the United States Constitution. The date on which each of the fifty states adopted the Constitution is typically regarded as the date that state "entered the Union" (became part of the United States). Since the mid-20th century, following World War II, the United States has emerged as a dominant global influence in economic, political, military, scientific, technological, and cultural affairs.

Geography and climate

The United States shares land borders with Canada (to the north) and Mexico (to the south), and territorial water boundaries with Canada, Russia, the Bahamas, and numerous smaller nations. It is otherwise bounded by the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea, in the west; the Arctic Ocean, in the northernmost areas; and the Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea, in the eastern and southeastern areas. Forty-eight of the states are in the single region between Canada and Mexico; this group is referred to, with varying precision and formality, as the continental or contiguous United States, sometimes abbreviated CONUS, and as the Lower 48. Alaska, which is not included in the term contiguous United States, is at the northwestern end of North America, separated from the Lower 48 by Canada. The archipelago of Hawaii is in the Pacific Ocean. The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia also donated land, but it was returned in 1847.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization. When inland water is included in the total area, only Russia and Canada are larger than the United States; if inland water is excluded, China ranks third and the U.S. ranks fourth. The United States' total area is 3,718,711 square miles (9,631,418 km²), of which land makes up 3,537,438 square miles (9,161,923 km²) and water makes up 181,273 square miles (469,495 km²). The United States' landscape is one of the most varied among those of the world's nations: among its many features are temperate forestland and rolling hills, on the east coast; mangrove, in Florida; the Great Plains, in the center of the country; the Mississippi–Missouri river system; the Great Lakes, four of the five of which are shared with Canada; the Rocky Mountains, west of the Great Plains; deserts and temperate coastal zones, west of the Rocky Mountains; and temperate rain forests, in the Pacific northwest. Alaska's tundra, and the volcanic, tropical islands of Hawaii add to the geographic diversity. Hawaii The climate varies along with the landscape, from tropical in Hawaii and southern Florida to tundra in Alaska and atop some of the highest mountains. Most of the North and East experience a temperate continental climate, with warm summers and cold winters. Most of the South experiences a subtropical humid climate with mild winters and long, hot, humid summers. Rainfall decreases markedly from the humid forests of the Eastern Great Plains to the semi-arid shortgrass prairies on the high plains abutting the Rocky Mountains. Arid deserts, including the Mojave, extend through the lowlands and valleys of the southwest, from westernmost Texas to California and northward throughout much of Nevada. Some parts of California have a Mediterranean climate. Rainforests line the windward mountains of the Pacific Northwest from Oregon to Alaska.

History

American history started with the migration of people from Asia across the Bering land bridge approximately 12,000 years ago following large animals that they hunted into the Americas. These Native Americans left evidence of their presence in petroglyphs, burial mounds, and other artifacts. It is estimated that 2-9 million people lived in the territory now occupied by the U.S. before European contact, and the subsequent introduction of foreign diseases such as small pox that greatly diminished the native populations. Some advanced societies were the Anasazi of the southwest, who inhabited Chaco Canyon, and the Woodland Indians, who built Cahokia, located near present-day St Louis, a city with a population of 40,000 at its peak in AD 1200. Vikings first visited North America around 1000, but did not settle permanently. Following the discovery voyages of Christopher Columbus around 1492, other Europeans began to explore and settle there. During the 1500s and 1600s, the Spanish settled parts of the present-day Southwest and Florida, founding St. Augustine, Florida in 1565 and Santa Fe (in what is now New Mexico) in 1607. The first successful English settlement was at Jamestown, Virginia, also in 1607. Within the next two decades, several Dutch settlements, including New Amsterdam (the predecessor to New York City), were established in what are now the states of New York and New Jersey. In 1637, Sweden established a colony at Fort Christina (in what is now Delaware), but lost the settlement to the Dutch in 1655. This was followed by extensive British settlement of the east coast. The British colonists remained relatively undisturbed by their home country until after the French and Indian War, when France ceded Canada and the Great Lakes region to Britain. Britain then imposed taxes on the 13 colonies, widely regarded by the colonists as unfair because they were denied representation in the British Parliament. Tensions between Britain and the colonists increased, and the thirteen colonies eventually rebelled against British rule. British Parliament, George Washington (1789-1797).]] In 1776, the 13 colonies split from Great Britain and formed the United States, the world's first constitutional and democratic federal republic, after their Declaration of Independence of that year, and the Revolutionary War (1775 to 1783). The original political structure was a confederation in 1777, ratified in 1781 as the Articles of Confederation. After long debate, this was supplanted by the Constitution in 1789, forming a more centralized federal government. Prior to all these was the Albany Congress in 1754, in which a union was first seriously proposed. From early colonial times, there was a shortage of labor, which encouraged unfree labor, particularly indentured servitude and slavery. In the mid-19th century, a major division occurred in the United States over the issue of states' rights and the expansion of slavery. The northern states had become opposed to slavery, while the southern states saw it as necessary for the continued success of southern agriculture and wanted it expanded to the territories. Several federal laws were passed in an attempt to settle the dispute, including the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The dispute reached a crisis in 1861, when seven southern states seceded1 from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America, leading to the Civil War. Soon after the war began, four more southern states seceded. During the war, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, mandating the freedom of all slaves in states in rebellion, though full emancipation did not take place until after the end of the war in 1865, the dissolution of the Confederacy, and the Thirteenth Amendment took effect. The Civil War effectively ended the question of a state's right to secede, and is widely accepted as a major turning point after which the federal government became more powerful than state governments. Thirteenth Amendment). The title of the painting, from a 1726 poem by Bishop Berkeley, was a phrase often quoted in the era of Manifest Destiny, expressing a widely held belief that civilization had steadily moved westward throughout history. [http://americanart.si.edu/t2go/1lw/1931.6.1.html (more)] ]] During the 19th century, many new