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Category:Categories By Country

Category:Categories by country

See also Categories by nationality. Not all of the countries in these subcategories are fully sovereign or currently exist. See the "other listings" section of the list of sovereign states. Category:Countries Country Country zh-min-nan:Category:Chiàu kok-ka chok ê hun-lūi ko:분류:나라별 분류 ja:Category:国別に分類したカテゴリ

Category:Categories by nationality

People and cultural articles are predominantly categorized by nationality. See also Categories by country. Category:Nationality Nationality

List of sovereign states

This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. :See also the List of countries

Introduction

This list derives its definition of a sovereign state from Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention from 1933. According to the Convention, a sovereign state should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population, (b) a defined territory, (c) government, and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states. In the case of the inclusion of a de facto independent state, a note explains the reason for its inclusion. The notes include information on:
- The reason why a non-de jure state is listed (also listed at the de jure state) ¹
- The overseas dependencies ²
- The federal structures if applicable ³
- The autonomous entities inside the territory of the sovereign state ⁴ The names are given in English and in the official language(s) of the state.
- The names in English are the short official names (e.g. Afghanistan) and the (longer) official name (e.g. The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan).
- The names in the native languages are the short and official names in the official language(s). If needed, they have been transliterated into Romanized characters, but original scripts (such as Cyrillic or Chinese characters) are included. When possible, the romanization preferred by the country has been used. The listing of any name in this article is not meant to imply an official position in any naming dispute. Entities considered to be micronations that are internationally not recognized are not included. There are 201 entities on this list. It corresponds to:
- 191 United Nations member states
- 1 United Nations non-member observer state (Vatican City)
- 1 state, recognized by a number of states and with de facto international relations with many other states, the Republic of China (Taiwan).
- 6 de-facto independent states with no diplomatic recognition (Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Northern Cyprus (recognized only by Turkey), Somaliland, South Ossetia and Transnistria)
- 2 entities recognized by many states but not de-facto independent, Palestine and Western Sahara. Not listed below are various disputed territories which fall into neither of the last two categories, including Jubaland, Puntland (Somalia), Cabinda (Angola), Kosovo (Serbia and Montenegro), Kurdistan (Iraq) and Kurdistan (Turkey).

The sovereign states

A

25px Abkhazia¹ — Republic of Abkhazia ^Flag
- Abkhazian: Aṗsny / Аҧсны
- Russian: Abchazija / Абхазия
- Georgian: Aṗẖazeṭi / აფხაზეთი ; — Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ^Flag
- Persian (Dari-Persian): Afġānestān / افغانستان — Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan / دولت اسلامی افغانستان
- Pushtu: Afġānistān / افغانستان ; — Republic of Albania ^Flag
- Albanian: Shqipëria — Republika e Shqipërise ; — People's Democratic Republic of Algeria ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-Jazā'ir / الجمهورية الجزائرية — Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Jazā’irīyah ad-Dīmuqrāţīyah ash-Sha’bīyah / الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية ; — Principality of Andorra ^Flag
- Catalan: Andorra — Principat d’Andorra ; — Republic of Angola ^Flag
- Portuguese: Angola - República de Angola ;⁴ ^Flag
- English: Antigua and Barbuda ;³ — Argentine Nation or Argentine Republic ^Flag
- Spanish: Argentina — Nación Argentina or República Argentina ; — Republic of Armenia ^Flag
- Armenian: Hayastan / Հայաստան — Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun / Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն< ;³ — Commonwealth of Australia ^Flag
- English: Australia — Commonwealth of Australia ;³ — Republic of Austria ^Flag
- German: Österreich — Republik Österreich ;^{1, 4} — Republic of Azerbaijan ^Flag
- Azeri: Azərbaycan — Azərbaycan Respublikası

B

; — Commonwealth of the Bahamas ^{Flag of}
- English: The Bahamas — Commonwealth of the Bahamas ; — Kingdom of Bahrain ^Flag
- Arabic: al-Baḥrayn / بحرين - Mamlakat al Bahrayn / مملكة البحرين ; — People's Republic of Bangladesh ^Flag
- Bengali: Banglādeś / বাংলাদেশ — Gana Prajātantrī Bānglādesh - গণ প্রজাতঁত্রী বাংলাদেশ ; ^Flag
- English: Barbados ; — Republic of Belarus ^Flag
- Belarusian: Bjelarúś / Белару́сь — Respublika Biełaruś / Рэспу́бліка Белару́сь
- Russian: Bjelorússija / Белору́ссия ; — Kingdom of Belgium ^Flag
- Dutch: België — Koninkrijk België
- French: Belgique — Royaume de Belgique
- German: Belgien — Königreich Belgien ; ^Flag
- English: Belize ; — Republic of Benin ^Flag
- French: Bénin — République du Bénin ; — Kingdom of Bhutan ^Flag
- Dzongkha: Druk Yul / འབྲུག་ཡུལ — Druk Gyal Khab ; — Republic of Bolivia ^Flag
- Spanish: Bolivia — República de Bolivia ;⁴ ^Flag
- Bosnian: Bosna i Hercegovina
- Serbian: Bosna i Hercegovina / Босна и Херцеговина
- Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina ; — Republic of Botswana ^Flag
- Tswana: Botswana — Lefatshe la Botswana
- English: Botswana — Republic of Botswana ;³ — Federative Republic of Brazil ^Flag
- Portuguese: Brasil — República Federativa do Brasil ; — State of Brunei Darussalam ^Flag
- Malay: Brunei Darussalam — Negara Brunei Darussalam ; — Republic of Bulgaria ^Flag
- Bulgarian: Bălgarija / България - Republika Bălgarija / Република България ; ^Flag
- French: Burkina Faso ; — Republic of Burundi ^Flag
- Kirundi: Uburundi — Republika y'Uburundi
- French: Burundi — République du Burundi

C

; — Kingdom of Cambodia ^Flag
- Cambodian: Kampuchea / កម្ពុជា — Preah Reachea Nachakr Kampuchea / ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា ; — Republic of Cameroon ^Flag
- French: Cameroun — République du Cameroun
- English: Cameroon — Republic of Cameroon ;^{3 13} — Canada ^Flag
- English: Canada
- French: Canada ; — Republic of Cape Verde ^Flag
- Portuguese: Cabo Verde — República de Cabo Verde ; — Central African Republic ^{Flag of}
- French: République Centrafricaine
- Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka ; — Republic of Chad ^Flag
- French: Tchad — République du Tchad
- Arabic: Tašād / تشاد — Jumhuriyat Tašād /جمهوريّة تشاد ; — Republic of Chile ^Flag
- Spanish: Chile — República de Chile ;⁴ — People's Republic of China ^Flag
- Chinese: Zhōngguó / 中国 — Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó / 中华人民共和国 ; — Republic of Colombia ^Flag
- Spanish: Colombia - República de Colombia ; ³ — Union of the Comoros ^Flag
- French: Comores — Union des Comores
- Comorian: Komori — Udzima wa Komori
- Arabic: Qumur / قمر — الاتحاد القمر 25px Congo-Kinshasa — Democratic Republic of Congo ^{Flag of}
- French: Congo — République Démocratique du Congo 25px Congo-Brazzaville — Republic of Congo ^{Flag of}
- French: Congo — République du Congo ; — Republic of Costa Rica ^Flag
- Spanish: Costa Rica — República de Costa Rica ;¹⁰ — Republic of Côte d'Ivoire ^{Flag of}
- French: Côte d'Ivoire — République de Côte d'Ivoire ; — Republic of Croatia ^Flag
- Croatian: Hrvatska — Republika Hrvatska ; — Republic of Cuba ^Flag
- Spanish: Cuba — República de Cuba ; — Republic of Cyprus ^Flag
- Greek: Kypros / Κυπρος — Kypriaki Dimokratia / Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία
- Turkish:Güney Kıbrıs Rum Kesimi ; — Czech Republic ^{Flag of}
- Czech: Česko — Česká republika

D

;² — Kingdom of Denmark ^Flag
- Danish: Danmark — Kongeriget Danmark ; — Republic of Djibouti ^Flag
- French:Djibouti — République de Djibouti
- Arabic: Jibuti / جيبوتي — Jumhuriyaa Jibuti / جمهورية جيبوتي ; — Commonwealth of Dominica ^Flag
- English: Dominica — Commonwealth of Dominica ; ^{Flag of}
- Spanish: República Dominicana

E

25px East Timor — Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste ^Flag
- Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e — Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e
- Portuguese: Timor-Leste — República Democrática de Timor-Leste ; — Republic of Ecuador ^Flag
- Spanish: Ecuador — República del Ecuador ; — Arab Republic of Egypt ^Flag
- Arabic: Mişr / مصر — Jumhuriyat Mişr al-Arabiyah / جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة ; — Republic of El Salvador ^Flag
- Spanish: El Salvador — República de El Salvador ; — Republic of Equatorial Guinea ^Flag
- Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial — Républica de Guinea Ecuatorial ; — State of Eritrea ^Flag
- Tigrinya: Ertra / ኤርትራ — Hagere Ertra
- Arabic: Irītriyā / إريتريا ; — Republic of Estonia ^Flag
- Estonian: Eesti — Eesti Vabariik ; ³ — Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ^Flag
- Amharic: Ityop'iya / ኢትዮጵያ — Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik / የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

F

; ⁴ — Republic of the Fiji Islands ^Flag
- English: Fiji — Republic of the Fiji Islands
- Fijian: Viti — Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti ;⁴ — Republic of Finland ^Flag
- Finnish: Suomi — Suomen tasavalta
- Swedish: Finland — Republiken Finland ;² — French Republic ^Flag
- French: France — République Française

G

; — Gabonese Republic ^Flag
- French: Gabon — République Gabonaise ; — Republic of the Gambia ^Flag
- English: The Gambia — Republic of the Gambia ;^1,4 ^Flag
- Georgian: Sakartvelo / საქართველო — Resp'ublik'a Sakartvelos / რესპუბლიკა საქართველოს ; ³ — Federal Republic of Germany ^Flag
- German: Deutschland — Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; — Republic of Ghana ^Flag
- English: Ghana — Republic of Ghana ;⁴ — Hellenic Republic ^Flag
- Greek:Ellás / Ελλάδα — Ellinikí Dimokratía / Ελληνική Δημοκρατία ;⁴ ^Flag
- English: Grenada ; — Republic of Guatemala ^Flag
- Spanish: Guatemala — República de Guatemala ; — Republic of Guinea ^Flag
- French: Guinée — République de Guinée ; — Republic of Guinea-Bissau ^Flag
- Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau — Repùblica da Guiné-Bissau ; — Co-operative Republic of Guyana ^Flag
- English: Guyana — Co-operative Republic of Guyana

H

; — Republic of Haiti ^Flag
- French: Haïti — République d'Haïti
- Haitian Creole: Ayiti — Repiblik Dayiti ; — Republic of Honduras ^Flag
- Spanish: Honduras — República de Honduras ; — Republic of Hungary ^Flag
- Hungarian: Magyarország — Magyar Köztársaság

I

; — Republic of Iceland ^Flag
- Icelandic: Ísland — Lýðveldið Ísland ;³ — Republic of India ^Flag
- Hindi: Bharat / भारत — Bhārat Ganarājya / भारत गणराज्य
- English: India — Republic of India ; — Republic of Indonesia ^Flag
- Bahasa Indonesia: Indonesia — Republik Indonesia ; — Islamic Republic of Iran ^Flag
- Persian: Īrān / ایران — Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Īrān — جمهوری اسلامی ایران ; — Republic of Iraq ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-ʿĪrāq / العراق — Al-Jumhuriyah Al-Iraqiyah / الجمهورية العراقية
- Kurdish: ʿIraq / Komara Iraqê / عیراق 25px Ireland — Republic of Ireland ^Flag
- Irish: Éire ; — State of Israel ^Flag
- Hebrew: Yisra'el / ישראל — Medinat Yisra'el / מדינת ישראל
- Arabic: Isra'il / اسرائيل — Daulat Isra'il / دولة اسرائيل ; — Italian Republic ^Flag
- Italian: Italia — Repubblica Italiana

J

; ^Flag
- English: Jamaica ; ^Flag
- Japanese: Nihon / 日本 — Nihon-koku / 日本国 ; — Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-Urdun / الاردن — Al Mamlakah al Urduniyah al Hashimiyah / المملكة الأردنّيّة الهاشميّة

K

; — Republic of Kazakhstan ^Flag
- Kazakh: Qazaqstan / Қазақстан — Qazaqstan Respūblīkasy / Қазақстан Республикасы
- Russian: Kazachstan / Казахстан — Respublika Kazachstan / Республика Казахстан ; — Republic of Kenya ^Flag
- English: Kenya — Republic of Kenya
- Swahili: Kenya — Jamhuri ya Kenya ; — Republic of Kiribati ^Flag
- Kiribati: Kiribati — Ribaberikin Kiribati
- English: Kiribati — Republic of Kiribati 25px Korea (North) — Democratic People's Republic of Korea ^Flag
- Korean: Chosŏn / 조선 — Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk / 조선민주주의인민공화국 25px Korea (South) — Republic of Korea ^Flag
- Korean: Hanguk / 한국; - Daehan Minguk / 대한 민국 ; — State of Kuwait ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-Kuwayt / الكويت — Dawlat al Kuwayt / دولة الكويت ; — Kyrgyz Republic ^Flag
- Kyrgyz: Kyrgyzstan / Кыргызстан — Kyrgyz Respublikasy / Кыргыз Республикасы
- Russian: Kyrgyzstan / Кыргызстан — Kyrgyzskaya respublika - Кыргызская республика

L

; — Lao People's Democratic Republic ^Flag
- Laotian: Lao / ນລາວ — Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao / ສາທາລະນະລັດປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ ; — Republic of Latvia ^Flag
- Latvian: Latvija — Latvijas Republika ; — Republic of Lebanon ^Flag
- Arabic: Lubnān / لبنان — Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah / الجمهوريّة البنانيّة ; — Kingdom of Lesotho ^Flag
- English: Lesotho — Kingdom of Lesotho
- Sotho: Lesotho — Mmuso wa Lesotho ; — Republic of Liberia ^Flag
- English: Liberia — Republic of Liberia ; — Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ^Flag
- Arabic: Lībiyah / ليبية — al-Jamāhīrīyah al-‘Arabīya al-Lībīyah ash-Sha‘bīyah al-Ishtirākīyah al-Uzma / الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى ; — Principality of Liechtenstein ^Flag
- German: Liechtenstein — Fürstentum Liechtenstein ; — Republic of Lithuania ^Flag
- Lithuanian: Lietuva — Lietuvos Respublika ; — Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg ^Flag
- Luxembourgian: Lëtzebuerg — Groussherzogdem Lëtzebuerg
- French: Luxembourg — Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
- German: Luxemburg — Großherzogtum Luxemburg

M

25px Macedonia (FYROM)⁵ — Republic of Macedonia ^Flag
- Macedonian: Makedonija / Македонија — Republika Makedonija / Република Македонија
- Albanian (not a national language): Maqedoni ; — Republic of Madagascar ^Flag
- Malagasy: Madagasikara — Repoblikan'i Madagasikara
- French: Madagascar — Republique de Madagascar ; — Republic of Malawi ^Flag
- English: Malawi — Republic of Malawi
- Chewa: Malaŵi — Mfuko la Malaŵi ;³ — Federation of Malaysia ^Flag
- Malay: Malaysia — Persekutuan Malaysia ; — Republic of Maldives ^Flag
- Divehi: Divehi Rājje / ގުޖޭއްރާ ޔާއްރިހޫމްޖު — Divehi Rājje ge Jumhuriyyā / ހިވެދި ގުޖޭއްރާ ޔާއްރިހޫމްޖު ; — Republic of Mali ^Flag
- French: Mali — République de Mali ; — Republic of Malta ^Flag
- Maltese: Malta — Repubblika ta' Malta ; — Republic of the Marshall Islands ^{Flag of}
- English: Marshall Islands — Republic of the Marshall Islands ; — Islamic Republic of Mauritania ^Flag
- Arabic: Mūrītāniyyah / موريتانية — Al-Jumhuriyah al-Islamiyah al-Mūrītāniyah / الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية
- French: Mauritanie — République Islamique de la Mauritanie ; — Republic of Mauritius ^Flag
- English: Mauritius — Republic of Mauritius
- French: Maurice — République de Maurice ;³ — United Mexican States ^Flag
- Spanish: México — Estados Unidos Mexicanos 25px Micronesia³ — Federated States of Micronesia ^Flag
- English: Micronesia — Federates States of Micronesia ;^1,4 — Republic of Moldova ^Flag
- Romanian/Moldovan: Moldova — Republica Moldova ; — Principality of Monaco ^Flag
- French: Monaco — Principauté de Monaco ; ^Flag
- Mongolian: Mongol Uls / Монгол Улс ;⁶ — Kingdom of Morocco ^Flag
- Arabic: al-Maġrib / مغرب — Al Mamlakah al-Maghribiyah / المملكة المغربية ; — Republic of Mozambique ^Flag
- Portuguese: Moçambique — República de Moçambique ; ¹¹ — Union of Myanmar ^Flag
- Burmese: Myanma / ဴမန္မာ — Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw / ဴပည္ေထာင္စုဴမန္မာနုိင္ငံေတာ္

N

25px Nagorno-Karabakh¹ — Nagorno-Karabakh Republic ^Flag
- Armenian: Lernayin Gharabagh / Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ ; — Republic of Namibia ^Flag
- English: Namibia — Republic of Namibia ; — Republic of Nauru ^Flag
- Nauruan: Naoero — Republik Naoero
- English: Nauru — Republic of Nauru ; — Kingdom of Nepal ^Flag
- Nepali: Nepāl / नेपाल — Nepal Adhirajya / नेपाल अधिराज्य ;² — Kingdom of the Netherlands ^Flag
- Dutch: Nederland — Koninkrijk der Nederlanden ;² ^Flag
- English: New Zealand or Aotearoa
- Maori: Aotearoa, Niu Tireni or Nu Tirani ; — Republic of Nicaragua ^Flag
- Spanish: Nicaragua — República de Nicaragua ; — Republic of Niger ^Flag
- French: Niger — République du Niger ;³ — Federal Republic of Nigeria ^Flag
- English: Nigeria — Federal Republic of Nigeria 25px Northern Cyprus¹ — Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ^Flag
- Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs — Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti ;² — Kingdom of Norway ^Flag
- Norwegian (bokmål): Norge — Kongeriket Norge
- Norwegian (nynorsk): Noreg — Kongeriket Noreg

O

; — Sultanate of Oman ^Flag
- Arabic: ʿUmmān / عمان — Saltanat Uman / سلطنة عُمان

P

; — Islamic Republic of Pakistan ^Flag
- Urdu: Pākistān / پاکستان — Islami Jamhuria Pākistān / اسلامی جمہوریت پاکستان ; — Republic of Palau ^Flag
- Palauan: Belau — Beluu er a Belau
- English: Palau — Republic of Palau ;25px Palestine⁷ — State of Palestine ^Flag
- Arabic: Filastīn / فلسطين — Daulat Filastin / دولةفلسطين ; — Republic of Panama ^Flag
- Spanish: Panamá — República de Panamá ; — Independent State of Papua New Guinea ^Flag
- English: Papua New Guinea — Independent State of Papua New Guinea ; — Republic of Paraguay ^Flag
- Spanish: Paraguay — República del Paraguay
- Guarani: Paraguái — Têta Paraguái ; — Republic of Peru ^Flag
- Spanish: Perú — República del Perú ; — Republic of the Philippines ^{Flag of}
- Filipino: Pilipinas — Republika ng Pilipinas ; — Republic of Poland ^Flag
- Polish: Polska — Rzeczpospolita Polska ;⁴ — Portuguese Republic ^Flag
- Portuguese: Portugal — República Portuguesa

Q

; — State of Qatar ^Flag
- Arabic: Qaṭar / قطر — Dawlat Qatar / دولة قطر

R

; ^Flag
- Romanian: România ;³ — Russian Federation ^Flag
- Russian: Rossija / Россия — Rossijskaja Federacija / Российская Федерация ; — Republic of Rwanda ^Flag
- Rwandese: Rwanda — Repubulika y'u Rwanda
- French: Rwanda — République du Rwanda
- English: Rwanda — Republic of Rwanda

S

;⁴ — Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis ^Flag
- English: Saint Kitts and Nevis — Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis ; ^Flag
- English: Saint Lucia ; ^Flag
- English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ; — Independent State of Samoa ^Flag
- English: Samoa — Independent State of Samoa
- Samoan: Samoa — Malo Sa'oloto Tuto'atasi o Samoa ; — Most Serene Republic of San Marino ^Flag
- Italian: San Marino — Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino ;⁴ — Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe ^Flag
- Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe - República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe ; — Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-ʿArabiyyah as-Saʿūdiyyah / العربية السعودية — Al-Mamlakah al-'Arabiyah as-Sa'udiyah / المملكة العربيّة السّعوديّة ; — Republic of Senegal ^Flag
- French: Sénégal — République du Sénégal ;^3,4,8 — State Community of Serbia and Montenegro ^Flag
- Serbian: Srbija i Crna Gora / Србија и Црна Гора — Državna zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora / Државна заједница Србија и Црна Гора ; — Republic of Seychelles ^{Flag of}
- English: Seychelles — Republic of Seychelles
- French: Seychelles — République des Seychelles
- Seselwa: Sesel — Repiblik Sesel ; — Republic of Sierra Leone ^Flag
- English: Sierra Leone — Republic of Sierra Leone ; — Republic of Singapore ^Flag
- Malay: Singapura — Republik Singapura
- Chinese: Xinjiapo / 新加坡 — Xīnjīapō Gònghéguó / 新加坡共和国
- Tamil: Čiṅkappūr / சிங்கப்பூர் — Cingkappūr Kudiyarasu / சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு
- English: Singapore — Republic of Singapore ; — Slovak Republic ^Flag
- Slovak: Slovensko — Slovenská Republika ; — Republic of Slovenia ^Flag
- Slovenian: Slovenija — Republika Slovenija ; ^{Flag of}
- English: Solomon Islands ;^1,9 ^Flag
- Somalian: Soomaaliya 25px Somaliland¹ -— Republic of Somaliland ^Flag
- Somalian: Somaliland ; — Republic of South Africa ^Flag
- Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika — Republiek van Suid-Afrika
- English: South Africa — Republic of South Africa
- Xhosa: Mzantsi Afrika — IRiphabliki yaseMzantsi Afrika
- Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika — IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika 25px South Ossetia¹ — Republic of South Ossetia ^Flag
- Ossetian: Xussar Iryston / Хуссар Ирыстон — Respublikae Xussar Iryston / Республикæ Хуссар Ирыстон
- Russian: Južnaja Osetia / Южная Осетия — Respublika Južnaja Osetija/ Республика Южная Осетия ;³ — Kingdom of Spain ^Flag
- Spanish: España — Reino de España
- Basque: Espainia — Espainiako Erresuma
- Catalan: Espanya — Regne d'Espanya
- Galician: España — Reino de España ; — Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ^Flag
- Sinhala: Sri Lanka — Sri Lankā Prajathanthrika Samajavadi Janarajaya
- Tamil: Llankai / இலங்கை — Illankai Chananaayaka Chosalisa Kudiyarasu ; — Republic of the Sudan ^Flag
- Arabic: As-Sūdān / السودان — Jumhuriyat as-Sudan / جمهورية السودان ; — Republic of Suriname ^Flag
- Dutch: Suriname — Republiek Suriname ; — Kingdom of Swaziland ^Flag
- English: Swaziland — Kingdom of Swaziland
- Swazi: eSwatini — Umbuso weSwatini ; — Kingdom of Sweden ^Flag
- Swedish: Sverige — Konungariket Sverige ;³ — Swiss Confederation ^Flag
- German: Schweiz — Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
- French: Suisse — Confédération suisse
- Italian: Svizzera — Confederazione Svizzera
- Raeto-Romance: Svizra — Confederaziun Svizra ; — Syrian Arab Republic ^Flag
- Arabic: Sūriyyah / سورية — Al-Jumhuriyah al-'Arabiyah al-Suriyah / الجمهوريّة العربيّة السّوريّة

T

;¹² — Republic of China ^Flag
- Chinese: Táiwān / 台灣 — JhongHuá MínGuó / 中華民國 ;⁴ — Republic of Tajikistan ^Flag
- Persian (Tajiki-Persian): Tojikistan / Тоҷикистон — Jumhurii Tojikiston ; — United Republic of Tanzania ^Flag
- Swahili: Tanzania — Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ; — Kingdom of Thailand ^Flag
- Thai: Prathēt Thai / ราชอาณาจักรไทย — Ratcha Anachak Thai ; — Togolese Republic ^Flag
- French: Togo — République Togolaise ; — Kingdom of Tonga ^Flag
- Tongan: Tonga — Pule'anga Fakatu'i 'o Tonga
- English: Tonga — Kingdom of Tonga ;25px Transnistria ¹ — Transdniestrian Moldovan Republic ^Flag
- Russian: Pridnestrovje / Приднестровье - Приднестровская Молдавская Республика
- Romanian/Moldovan (unofficial): Stînga Nistrului - Republica Moldovenească Nistreană / Република Молдовеняскэ Нистрянэ ;⁴ — Republic of Trinidad and Tobago ^Flag
- English: Trinidad and Tobago — Republic of Trinidad and Tobago ; — Republic of Tunisia ^Flag
- Arabic: Tūnis / تونس — Al Jumhuriyya at-Tūsiyya / الجمهرية التونسية ; — Republic of Turkey ^Flag
- Turkish: Türkiye — Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ; ^Flag
- Turkmen: Türkmenistan ; ^Flag
- Tuvaluan: Tuvalu
- English: Tuvalu
U
; — Republic of Uganda ^Flag
- English: Uganda — Republic of Uganda ;⁴ ^{Flag of}
- Ukrainian: Ukrajina / Україна
- Russian: Ukraina / Украина ;³ ^{Flag of}
- Arabic: Al-Imarat Al-Arabiyah Al-Muttahidah / الإمارات العربيّة المتّحدة ;² — United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ^{Flag of}
- English: United Kingdom — United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ;^2,3 — United States of America ^{Flag of}
- English: United States — United States of America ; — Eastern Republic of Uruguay ^Flag
- Spanish: Uruguay — República Oriental del Uruguay ;⁴ - Republic of Uzbekistan ^Flag
- Uzbek: O'zbekiston — O‘zbekiston Respublikasi
V
; — Republic of Vanuatu ^Flag
- Bislama: Vanuatu — Ripablik blong Vanuatu
- English: Vanuatu — Republic of Vanuatu
- French: Vanuatu — République du Vanuatu ; — State of the Vatican City ^{Flag of}
- Latin: Civitas Vaticana — Status Civitatis Vaticanæ
- Italian: Città del Vaticano — Stato della Città del Vaticano ; ³ — Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ^Flag
- Spanish: Venezuela — República Bolivariana de Venezuela ; — Socialist Republic of Vietnam ^Flag
- Vietnamese: Việt Nam — Cộng Hòa Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam
W
;⁶ - Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-Saḥrāwiyyah / صحراوية — Al-Jumhūrīyâ al-Arabīyâ as-Sahrāwīyâ ad-Dīmuqrātīyâ / الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية
X

Y
; — Republic of Yemen ^Flag
- Arabic: Al-Yaman / اليمن — Al-Jumhuriyah al-Yamaniyah / الجمهوريّة اليمنية
Z
; — Republic of Zambia ^Flag
- English: Zambia — Republic of Zambia ; — Republic of Zimbabwe ^Flag
- English: Zimbabwe — Republic of Zimbabwe
Notes

- ¹: This list includes de facto independent countries. More information can be found at the list of unrecognized countries.
- ²: Some sovereign states have overseas dependencies, generally not part of the territory of the state. More information can be found at the List of dependent countries.
- ³: Some sovereign states have more or less federal structures. More information can be found at a List of federations.
- ⁴: Some sovereign states have autonomous entities as part of the territory of the state. More information can be found at the list of autonomous entities.
- ⁵: The Republic of Macedonia is known also as the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, see Foreign relations of the Republic of Macedonia.
- ⁶: Western Sahara: largely not a de facto state. See Politics of Western Sahara.
- ⁷: Palestine: State of Palestine was declared in 1988 and as of 2004 is recognized by 93 countries, and its government is in fact in most matters autonomous, but Israel retains ultimate de facto sovereignty and exercises it routinely in matters such as interterritorial trade. See also: proposals for a Palestinian state and Palestinian territories.
- ⁸: Kosovo (Kosova - Kosovo i Metohija / Косово и Метохија)

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