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Jack Johnson (musician)

Jack Johnson (musician)

Jack Johnson (born May 18, 1975) a Hawaii-born singer-songwriter, has achieved commercial success and a dedicated following since the release of his 2001 debut album, Brushfire Fairytales. His newest album is entitled In Between Dreams, and is his most successful release as of 2005.

Biography

Johnson had been a professional surfer until an accident, in which he broke his nose, got his front teeth knocked out and got more than 150 stitches to his mouth and forehead, forcing him to take some time off. He learned to play guitar at age 14, but did not seriously pursue a career in the arts until his college years at University of California at Santa Barbara, where he graduated with a degree in film. His music caught the ear of Ben Harper's producer/manager J.P. Plunier. Plunier pushed Johnson to record formal demos, eventually leading to the release of Brushfire Fairytales in 2001. After touring for almost two years, Johnson released his second album, On and On to generally favorable reviews in late 2003. Many of the songs on On and On had previously been released on bootlegs, such as J.O.A.T. and B.O.A.T., but received the accompaniment of a full band on the new album. Johnson's interest in surfing also led him to produce and score several surfing films including September Sessions and Thicker Than Water, which were released on CD/DVD between the release of Brushfire Fairytales and On and On. Johnson has also appeared in the surf film Shelter, which was made by his manager Emmett Malloy. The music video for his song "Taylor" also features a guest appearance from actor Ben Stiller. His third studio album, titled In Between Dreams, was released on March 1, 2005. Johnson recently appeared on the Sublime tribute album Look at All the Love We Found. He has also just finished his summer tour and will be touring Europe some time soon. In 2004, Johnson started the The Kokua Hawai’i Foundation, which is non-profit organization that supports environmental education in the schools and communities of Hawai’i. The Kokua Festival is the Kokua Hawai’i Foundation’s annual benefit event that brings together environmental organizations, eco-friendly businesses, musicians, artists, teachers, and community leaders to promote environmental awareness in Hawai’i.

Discography

Albums

- Brushfire Fairytales (2001) #13 Australia
- On and On (2003) #3 U.S., #2 Australia
- In Between Dreams (2005) #2 U.S., #3 Canada, #10 UK, #1 Australia, #1 New Zealand

EPs and Videos

- September Sessions
- Thicker Than Water
- Taylor EP
- Some Live Songs EP #31 Australia

Singles

Unofficial bootlegs

- B.O.A.T.
- Lullabies (Jack Johnson)
- J.O.A.T.
- T.R.I.P.1
- T.R.I.P.2

External links

- [http://www.jackjohnsonmusic.com/ Official site]
- [http://www.brokedownmelodies.com/ Brokedown Melodies]
- [http://www.kokuahawaiifoundation.org/ Kokua Foundation] Category:1975 births Category:Musicians of Hawaii Category:Surf music Johnson, Jack

1975

1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar).

Events

January

- January 1 - Watergate scandal: John N. Mitchell, H. R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up
- January 2 - The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by Congress
- January 5 - The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier Lake Illawarra, killing twelve people.
- January 7 - OPEC agrees to raise crude oil prices by 10%.
- January 8 - Ella Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, becoming the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States who did not succeed her husband
- January 10 - Japanese soldier Teruo Nakamura surrenders on the Indonesian Island of Morota
- January 14 - 17 year old heiress Lesley Whittle is kidnapped from her home in Shropshire, England by the Black Panther.
- January 20 - Michael Ovitz founds Creative Artists Agency
- January 29 - Weather Underground bombs US State Department main office in Washington D.C.
- January - Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer

February

- February 4 - The first successfully predicted earthquake occurred in Haicheng, Liaoning, China.
- February 9 - The Soyuz 17 Soviet spacecraft returns to Earth.
- February 11 - Margaret Thatcher defeats Edward Heath for the leadership of the UK Conservative Party in the United Kingdom.
- February 21 - Watergate scandal: Former United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are sentenced to between 30 months and 8 years in prison
- February 23 - In response to the energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly two months early in the United States.
- February 26 - a fleeing IRA terrorist shoots dead off-duty London police officer Stephen Tibble, 22, as he gives chase
- February 27 - Movement 2 June kidnaps West German politician Peter Lorenz. He is released on March 4 after most of the kidnappers' demands are met
- February 28 - A major tube train crash at Moorgate station, London kills 43 people.
- February 28 - In Lomé, the capital of Togo, the European Economic Community and 46 African, Caribbean and Pacific countries sign a financial and economic treaty, known as the first Lomé Convention.

March

- March 1 - Color television transmissions begin in Australia
- March 4 - Charlie Chaplin is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
- March 6 - Algiers Accord - Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.
- March 6 - A bomb explodes in the Paris offices of the Springer Press. The "6 March Group" (connected to the Red Army Faction) demands amnesty for the "Baader-Meinhof Group"
- March 7 - The body of teenage heiress Lesley Whittle, kidnapped seven weeks earlier by the Black Panther is discovered in Staffordshire, England
- March 8 - United Nations begin sponsoring the International Women's Day.
- March 9 - Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System begins
- March 10 - Vietnam War: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Me Thout, South Vietnam, on their way to capturing Saigon.
- March 15 - In Brazil, the Estado da Guanabara (State of Guanabara) merges with the state of Rio de Janeiro, under the name of Rio de Janeiro. The state's capital moves from the city of Niterói to the city of Rio de Janeiro.
- March 25 - King Faisal of Saudi Arabia is shot and killed by a nephew with a history of mental illness - the killer is beheaded on June 18.
- March 28 - A fire in the maternity wing at Kucic Hospital in Rijeka, Yugoslavia, kills 25 babies

April-May

- April 3 - Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title.
- April 4 - Vietnam War: The first military Operation Babylift flight, C5A 80218, crashes 27 minutes after takeoff killing 138 on board; 176 survive the crash.
- April 13 - An attack by Phalangists on a Palestinian bus in Ain El Remmeneh, Lebanon sparks over 15 years of civil war.
- April 17 - Pol Pot proclaims the "Democratic Republic of Kampuchea" in Cambodia and becomes its Prime Minister (1975–1979).
- April 24 - Six Red Army Faction terrorists take over West German embassy in Stockholm, take 11 hostages and demand the release of the group's jailed members. Shortly after they are captured by Swedish police.
- April 25 - Vietnam War: As North Vietnamese forces close in on the South Vietnamese capital Saigon, the Australian Embassy is closed and evacuated, almost ten years to the day since the first Australian troop commitment to South Vietnam.
- April 30 - Vietnam War: The Vietnam War ends as Communist forces take Saigon and South Vietnam surrenders unconditionally.
- May 5 - The Busch Gardens Williamsburg theme park opens in Virginia.
- May 12 - Mayaguez incident: Khmer Rouge forces in Cambodia seize the American merchant ship SS Mayaguez in international waters.
- May 15 - Mayaguez incident: The American merchant ship Mayaguez, seized by Cambodian forces, is rescued by U.S. Navy and Marines. 38 Americans are killed.
- May 16 - India annexes Sikkim.
- May 16 - Junko Tabei becomes the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
- May 28 - 15 West African countries sign the Treaty of Lagos, creating the Economic Community of West African States.
- May 30 - 1972 Olympic runner Steve Prefontaine dies in a car accident.

June-July

- June 5 - The Suez Canal opens for the first time since the Six-Day War
- June 5 - The United Kingdom votes yes in a referendum on staying in the European Community
- June 9 - Order of Australia (OA) awarded for 1st time
- June 19 - Lord Lucan found guilty in absentia of the murder of the nanny Sandra Rivett
- June 25 - Mozambique gains independence from Portugal
- June 26 - Two FBI agents and one member of AIM die in a shootout in Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota
- July 1 - Postmaster-General's Department is disaggregated into the Australian Telecommunications Commission (trading as Telecom Australia) and the Australian Postal Commission (trading as Australia Post).
- July 4 - Sydney newspaper publisher Juanita Nielsen disappears, and is presumed to have been murdered.
- July 5 - Cape Verde gains independence after 500 years of Portuguese rule
- July 6 - The Comoros declare their independence from France
- July 9 - The National Assembly of Senegal passes a law that will pave way for a (albeit highly restricted) multi-party system.
- July 12 - São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal
- July 17 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations
- July 31 - In Detroit, Michigan, Teamsters Union president Jimmy Hoffa is reported missing.

August

- August 8 - The Banqiao Dam, in China's Henan Province, fails after a freak typhoon. Over 200,000 people perish.
- August 8 - Samuel Bronfman, son of the president of Seagrams, is kidnapped in Purchase, New York
- August 11 - British Leyland comes under British government control
- August 11 - Mário Lemos Pires, Governor of Portuguese Timor, abandons the capital Dili following UDT coup and outbreak of civil war between UDT and Fretilin.
- August 15 - Birmingham Six wrongfully sentenced to life imprisonment
- August 15 - Mujibur Rahman, president of Bangladesh, is killed during a coup
- August 20 - Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars
- August 24 - Officers responsible for the military coup in Greece in 1967 are sentenced to death in Athens. The sentences are later commuted to life imprisonment

September

- September 5 - In Sacramento, California, Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, a follower of incarcerated cult leader Charles Manson, attempts to assassinate US President Gerald Ford, but is thwarted by a Secret Service agent.
- September 14 - Rembrandt's painting "The Night Watch" is slashed a dozen times at a gallery in Amsterdam.
- September 15 - The French department of Corse, comprising the entire island of Corsica, is divided into two departments: Haute-Corse and Corse-du-Sud.
- September 20 - End of term for Tuanku Al-Mutassimu Billahi Muhibbudin Sultan Abdul Halim Al-Muadzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Badlishah as the 5th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
- September 21 - Sultan Yahya Petra ibni Almarhum Sultan Ibrahim Petra, Sultan of Kelantan becomes the 6th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
- September 22 - President Gerald Ford survives a second assassination attempt, this time by Sara Jane Moore
- September 30 - Hughes Helicopters (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing IDS) AH-64 Apache made its first flight.

October

- October 9 - A bomb explosion outside Green Park tube station near Piccadilly in London kills 1 and injures 20.
- October 16 - Five Australian-based journalists are killed at Balibo by Indonesian forces during an incursion into Portuguese Timor.
- October 27 - – 18-year-old Robert Poulin begins shooting in St. Pius X High School in Ottawa, Canada and then shoots himself, killing 1 and wounding 5.
- October 29 - Peter Sutcliffe (the "Yorkshire Ripper") commits his first murder, Wilma McCann.
- October 30 - Prince Juan Carlos becomes acting Head of State of Spain after dictator Francisco Franco concedes that he is too ill to govern.

November

Francisco Franco
- November 3 - An independent audit of Mattel, of the United States largest toy manufacturers, reveals that company officials fabricated press releases and financial information to "maintain the appearance of continued corporate growth."
- November 3 - First oil pipeline opens from Cruder Bay to Grangemouth
- November 6 - Green March begins: 300,000 unarmed Moroccans converge on the southern city of Tarfaya and wait for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara
- November 10 - United Nations Resolution 3379: With a vote of 72 to 35 (with 32 abstentions), the United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism. The resolution provokes an outcry among Jews around the world.
- November 10 - The 729-foot-long freighter (then, the largest ship on the Great Lakes) SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm 17 miles from the entrance to Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board
- November 11 - Angola becomes independent from Portugal (a deadly civil war soon erupts)
- November 11 - Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister
- November 11 - First annual Vogalonga rowing "race" in Venice, Italy
- November 14 - Spain abandons Western Sahara
- November 22 - Juan Carlos is declared King of Spain following the death of dictator Francisco Franco.
- November 25 - Suriname gains independence from the Kingdom of the Netherlands
- November 25 - Irish Republican Army outlawed in Britain
- November 25 - Surinam gains independence from the Netherlands
- November 27 - Ross McWhirter, the co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records, is shot dead by the PIRA for offering reward money to informers
- November 28 - Portuguese Timor declares its independence from Portugal as East Timor
- November 29 - The name "Micro-soft" (for microcomputer software) is used by Bill Gates in a letter to Paul Allen for the first time (Microsoft became a registered trademark on November 26, 1976).

December

- December 7 - East Timor invaded by Indonesia.
- December 21 - Left-wing terrorists, including Carlos (the Jackal), kidnap delegates of an OPEC conference in Vienna. They kill three hostages, extort $5 million ransom and escape into the Middle East.
- December 29 - A bomb explodes at LaGuardia Airport killing 11.

Unknown dates

- In New Zealand, Maori leader Whina Cooper leads a march of 5000 people in support of Maori claims to their land
- The Third Cod War between UK and Iceland lasted between November 1975 - June 1976
- Government of Colombia announces finding of Ciudad Perdida
- Spanish army quits Spanish (Western) Sahara. Saharaui Republic (RASD) is created. Morocco invades ex-Spanish Western Sahara.
- First use of the term fractal
- Victoria (Australia) abolishes capital punishment
- South Australia becomes first Australian state to decriminalize homosexual acts between consenting adults
- Self-proclaimed time traveller John Titor arrives to acquire an IBM 5100 for use in 2036
- MIND opens
- In May, rock singer Peter Gabriel announces that he is leaving British progressive rock band Genesis after their successful The Lamb Lies Down On Broadway tour.
- Jehovah's Witnesses claimed that Armageddon would happen in 1975 and many of them sold their houses and businesses to prepare for the new world of paradise on earth which they believe will exist when Jesus comes back.
- BACCHUS Network, American college alcohol peer-education network established.
- The Rock and Roll band KISS releases their Alive! album, catapulting them into record success. The album goes 4x platinum. Kiss was having trouble with record sale until then, as they sounded much different live then they did on record. They solved this problem by creating live albums.

Births

January-April

- January 2 - Doug Robb, American singer (Hoobastank)
- January 3 - Danica McKellar, American actress
- January 5 - Bradley Cooper, American actor
- January 13 - Shazia Mirza, British comedienne
- January 20 - Mark Allan Robinson, Canadian recall leader
- January 22 - Balthazar Getty, American actor
- January 25 - Tim Montgomery, American athlete
- January 29 - Sara Gilbert, American actress
- February 2 - Todd Bertuzzi, Canadian hockey player
- February 2 - Ieroklis Stoltidis, Greek footballer
- February 4 - Natalie Imbruglia, Australian musician
- February 5 - Adam Carson, American drummer (AFI)
- February 17 - Wish Bone, American rapper
- February 20 - Brian Littrell, American musician (Backstreet Boys)
- February 22 - Drew Barrymore, American actress
- March 5 - Jolene Blalock, American actress
- March 5 - Niki Taylor, American model
- March 9 - Roy Makaay, Dutch football player
- March 15 - Eva Longoria, American actress
- March 15 - Veselin Topalov, Bulgarian chess player
- March 17 - Justin Hawkins, British singer (The Darkness)
- March 27 - Stacy Ferguson, American singer (Black Eyed Peas)
- April 4 - Scott Rolen, baseball player
- April 4 - Delphine Arnault, billionaire French businesswoman LVMH
- April 7 - Ronde Barber, American football player
- April 7 - Tiki Barber, American football player
- April 9 - Robbie Fowler, British footballer
- April 14 - Amy Dumas, American professional wrestler
- April 22 - Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (d. 1999)

May-August

- May 1 - Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2003)
- May 2 - David Beckham, English footballer
- May 3 - Kimora Lee Simmons, American fashion designer
- May 3 - Maksim Mrvica, Croatian pianist
- May 8 - Enrique Iglesias, Spanish-born singer
- May 10 - Hélio Castroneves, Brazilian race car driver
- May 12 - Jonah Lomu, New Zealand rugby player
- May 14 - Hunter Burgan, American bassist (AFI)
- May 15 - Ray Lewis, American football player
- May 19 - London Fletcher, American football player
- May 25 - Lauryn Hill, American singer
- May 27 - Jamie Oliver, British chef and television personality
- June 4 - Angelina Jolie, American actress
- June 17 - Chloe Jones, American actress
- June 9 - Andrew Symonds, Australian cricketer
- June 18 - Martin St. Louis, Canadian hockey player
- June 25 - Vladimir Kramnik, Russian chess player
- June 27 - Tobey Maguire, American actor
- July 6 - 50 Cent, American rapper
- July 11 - Lil' Kim, American rapper
- July 17 - Konnie Huq, English television presenter
- July 18 - Torii Hunter, baseball player
- July 18 - Daron Malakian, American guitarist and singer (System of a Down)
- July 22 - Erol Spencer Hofmans, Dutch political scientist
- July 24 - Torrie Wilson, American professional wrestler and model
- July 27 - Shea Hillenbrand, baseball player
- July 27 - Alex Rodriguez, baseball player
- July 30 - Graham Nicholls, British artist
- August 7 - Charlize Theron, South African actress
- August 15 - Kara Wolters, American basketball player
- August 24 - Hayato Sakurai, Japanese martial artist

September-December

- September 17 - Jimmie Johnson, American race car driver
- September 17 - Constantine Maroulis, American singer
- September 20 - Rikki Lee Travolta, Italian-American actor
- September 23 - Chris Hawkins, British radio personality
- September 25 - Matt Hasselbeck, American football player
- October 2 - Michel Trudeau, son of Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Margaret Trudeau, ( d.1998)
- October 5 - Kate Winslet, British actress
- October 23 - Odalys Garcia, Cuban-born actress
- November 10 - Markko Märtin, Estonian race car driver
- November 17 - Diane Neal, American actress
- November 18 - David Ortiz, Dominican Major League Baseball player
- November 19 - Sushmita Sen, Indian beauty queen and actress
- November 20 - Dierks Bentley, American singer and musician
- November 20 - Timea Vagvoelgyi, Hungarian erotic star
- November 20 - Davey Havok, American singer (AFI)
- November 24 - Lee Wan Wah, Malaysian badminton player
- December 5 - Ronnie O'Sullivan, British snooker player
- December 13 - Tom Delonge, American guitarist and singer (blink-182)
- December 14 - Justin Furstenfeld, American guitarist and singer (Blue October)
- December 17 - Milla Jovovich, Ukrainian actress and model
- December 18 - Masaki Sumitani, Japanese television performer
- December 18 - Trish Stratus, Canadian professional wrestler and fitness model
- December 23 - Sky Lopez, American actress
- December 27 - Heather O'Rourke, American actress (d. 1988)
- December 30 - Tiger Woods, American golfer

Deaths

Unknown date

- Will Mastin, American vaudevillian

January-March

- January 8 - Richard Tucker, American tenor (b. 1913)
- January 19 - Thomas Hart Benton, American artist (b. 1889)
- January 24 - Larry Fine, American actor and comedian (b. 1902)
- January 27 - Bill Walsh, American film producer and writer (b. 1913)
- February 4 - Louis Jordan, American musician (b. 1908)
- February 8 - Robert Robinson, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
- February 10 - Nikos Kavvadias, Greek poet and writer (stroke) (b. 1910)
- February 13 - André Beaufre, French general (b. 1902)
- February 14 - Julian Huxley, British biologist (b. 1887)
- February 14 - P. G. Wodehouse, English writer (b. 1881)
- February 16 - Morgan Taylor, American athlete (b. 1903)
- February 19 - Luigi Dallapiccola, Italian composer (b. 1904)
- February 24 - Nikolai Bulganin, Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1895)
- February 25 - Elijah Muhammad, American Black Muslim leader (b. 1897)
- February 26 - Stephen Tibble, London police officer (shot) (b. 1953)
- March 7 - Ben Blue, Canadian actor and comedian (b. 1901)
- March 8 - George Stevens, American director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1904)
- March 13 - Ivo Andric, Serbo-Croatian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
- March 14 - Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)
- March 15 - Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (b. 1900)
- March 16 - T-Bone Walker, American musician (b. 1910)
- March 25 - King Faisal of Saudi Arabia (b. 1906)

April-August

- April 5 - Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Republic of China
- April 10 - Walker Evans, American photographer
- April 13 - N'Garta Tombalbaye, President of Chad
- April 17 - Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Indian philosopher and president
- April 23 - William Hartnell, British actor (b. 1908)
- April 30 - Gen Paul, French artist
- May 5 - Moe Howard, American actor (b. 1897)
- May 8 - Avery Brundage, American President of the International Olympic Committee (b. 1887)
- May 13 - Bob Wills, American musician (b. 1905)
- May 18 - Leroy Anderson, American composer (b. 1908)
- May 23 - Moms Mabley, American comedienne (b. 1894)
- May 30 - Steve Prefontaine, American distance runner (b. 1951)
- June 3 - Eisaku Sato, Prime Minister of Japan, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1901)
- June 26 - Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish priest and founder of Opus Dei (b. 1902)
- June 28 - Rod Serling, American television screenwriter (b. 1924)
- July 17 - Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer and public benefactor (b. 1893)
- July 29 - James Blish, American writer (b. 1921)
- August 8 - Julian Cannonball Adderley, American saxophonist (b. 1928)
- August 9 - Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian composer (b. 1906)
- August 10 - Robert Barton, Irish politician and last surviving signatory of the Anglo-Irish Treaty (b. 1881)
- August 16 - Vladimir Kuts, Soviet runner (b. 1927)
- August 19 - Mark Donohue, American race car driver (b. 1937)
- August 28 - Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor
- August 29 - Eamon de Valera, third President of Ireland (b. 1882)

September-December

- September 10 - George Paget Thomson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
- September 20 - Saint-John Perse, French diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
- September 24 - Earle Cabell, Texas politician (b. 1906)
- September 27 - Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)
- October 10 - Norman Levinson, American mathematician (b. 1912)
- October 21 - Charles Reidpath, American athlete (b. 1889)
- October 30 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
- November 2 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian film director (b. 1922)
- November 5 - Edward Lawrie Tatum, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1909)
- November 20 - Francisco Franco, dictator of Spain (b. 1892)
- November 27 - Ross McWhirter, Scottish co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (b. 1925)
- November 29 - Tony Brise, English racing driver (b. 1952)
- November 29 - Graham Hill, English race car driver (b. 1929)
- December 1 - Anna E. Roosevelt, American radio personality (b. 1906)
- December 1 - Nellie Fox, baseball player (b. 1927)
- December 24 - Bernard Herrma

Singer-songwriter

] The term singer-songwriter refers to performers who write, compose, and sing their own material including lyrics, melodies and often the accompaniment and entire composition or song.

Distinguishing singers from songwriters and vice versa.

Singer-songwriters write original, often personally distinctive, songs, and become the primary performers of their songs. This distinguishes them from artists who are only singers, such as Elvis Presley, Dean Martin, Aretha Franklin, and Frank Sinatra; typically, such performers sing the material of professional songwriters (and of artists who are primarily songwriters), who normally do not perform their own work, such as Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, Cole Porter, Irving Berlin, Jerry Leiber or Mike Stoller. Even in many cases where the performer and writer are one and the same, the results are not considered singer-songwriter material, because the roles of songwriter and singer are essentially discrete (such as a rock musician writing a ballad for his band to play). Singers and bands performing material by separate, professional songwriters were the standard in popular music until about the 1960s when the influence of folk music introduced singer-songwriters to a wider audience. Previous to this, some artists such as folk singer-songwriter Woody Guthrie did much of his work in the 1930s, and most blues singers from the 1930s-1950s such as Robert Johnson, John Lee Hooker and Muddy Waters too performed their own work (which, however, was usually heavily influenced by earlier blues songs). Arguably, these performers were not yet mainstream. Icons in the francophone world such as Georges Brassens, Léo Ferré and Jacques Brel performed their own songs in the 1940s and 1950s; Brel's work, in particular, was widely translated into English. By the late 1960s, it became more common for artists to perform their own music, and for that music to be highly intertwined with the personality and viewpoint of the artist. In many places around the world, distinct styles evolved in which a single person became known as much for lyrical content as musical skill. Very often, these movements became part of a major roots revival and sometimes, a political opposition. Typically, a singer-songwriter will perform solo or with understated accompaniment, accompanying themselves on an instrument (often guitar or keyboards), and be equally well-known for the songs they write as for the way they are performed.

Latin traditions

Beginning in the 1960s, many Latin American countries developed singer-songwriter traditions that adopted elements from various popular styles. The first such tradition was the mid-60s invention of nueva canción, which took hold in Andean countries like Chile, Peru, Argentina and Bolivia. At around the same time, the Brazilian popular style bossa nova was evolving into a politically-charged singer-songwriter tradition called Tropicalismo. Two performers, Gilberto Gil and Caetano Veloso became two of the most famous people in all of Brazil through their work in Tropicalismo. In the same period developed in Italy a very prolific singer-songwriter (in italian cantautore) tradition, initially connected with the french school of the chansonniers, and lately developed very heterogeneously. Noteworthy performes are: Domenico Modugno, Luigi Tenco, Gino Paoli, Sergio Endrigo, Fabrizio De André, Francesco De Gregori, Antonello Venditti, Roberto Vecchioni, Ivano Fossati, Lucio Dalla, Francesco Guccini and Franco Battiato. The European Hispanic countries of Spain and Portugal have also had singer-songwriter traditions, which are sometimes said to have drawn on pan-Latin elements. Spain is known for the nova canço tradition —exemplified by Joan Manuel Serrat—; the Portuguese fado performer and songwriter José Afonso helped lead a revival of Portuguese folk culture, including a modernized form of fado called nova canção. Following the 1974 revolution, nova canção became more politicized and was known as canto livre. In the latter part of the 1960s and into the 70s, socially and politically aware singer-songerwriters like Silvio Rodríguez and Pablo Milanés emerged in Cuba, birthing a genre known as nueva trova. Trova as a genre has had broad influence across Latin America. In Mexico, for example, canción yucateca on the Yucatan Peninsula and trova serrana in the Sierra Norte of Oaxaca are both regional adaptations of trova. In the mid-1970s, a singer-songwriter tradition called canto popular emerged in Uruguay.

North America

The first recognition of the singer-songwriter as a musical genre in North America occurred in the 1960s and early 1970s when a series of folk- and country-influenced musicians rose to prominence and popularity. These early singer-songwriters included Bob Dylan, Neil Young, Jackson Browne, Joni Mitchell, Leonard Cohen, Gordon Lightfoot, David Blue, Carly Simon, Cat Stevens, Bruce Cockburn, Van Morrison, Harry Chapin, and James Taylor. People who had been primarily songwriters, notably Carole King, also began releasing work as performers. In contrast to the storytelling approach of most prior country and folk music, these performers typically wrote songs from a highly personal (often first-person), introspective point of view. The adjectives "confessional" and "sensitive" were often used (sometimes derisively) to describe this early singer-songwriter style. By the late 1970s and early 1980s the original wave of singer-songwriters had largely been absorbed into a more general pop or soft rock format, but some new artists in the singer-songwriter tradition (including Lucinda Williams and Patti Smith) continued to emerge, and in other cases rock and even punk rock artists such as Peter Case and Paul Westerberg transitioned to careers as solo singer-songwriters. In the late 1980s, the term was re-applied to a group of (predominantly female) artists, beginning with Suzanne Vega with her first album selling unexpectedly well, followed by the likes of Tracy Chapman, Nancy Griffith, k.d. lang and P.J. Harvey. By the mid-1990s, the term was revived with the success of Canada's Alanis Morissette and her breakthrough album Jagged Little Pill. It had grown to encompass fellow-Canadian Sarah McLachlan, American artists Sheryl Crow, Patty Griffin, Jewel, Lisa Loeb, Joan Osborne and Tori Amos, and other performers associated with the Lilith Fair. Also in the 1990s artists such as Dave Matthews and Elliott Smith borrowed from the singer-songwriter tradition to create new acoustic-based rock styles. In the 2000's, a quieter style emerged, with largely impressionistic lyrics, from artists such as Iron and Wine (a solo artist), Jolie Holland, and Richard Buckner. The format of a singer-songwriter concert is frequently a solo artist performing their own works, possibly with a backup band, introducing each song with some explanation of its origin, meaning, etc. For the most part, these are fairly serious songs with personal meaning to the artist. In some cases, most notably Cheryl Wheeler, Christine Lavin, and Vance Gilbert, significant humor is incorporated into these songs and/or presentations. (Wheeler was offered a stand up comic gig at one point, and Christine Lavin once broke her nose while twirling a baton during a show.) Many fans personally relate to the songs, and are generally more likely to know all the lyrics than fans of pop or rock music. Frequently it is the lyrics, rather than the melody or beat of a song, or even the voice of the artist that attracts the fans. One flourishing aspect of this genre is largely invisible: the indie singer-songwriter. The solo artist format, less expensive on tour and in the studio, fosters "indie" artists who enjoy limited fame and longer careers than most major-label artists. A number of recording labels such as Folkways, Rounder, etc. catered to smaller but devoted customer bases. Some major recording labels also introduced "indie" flavored labels to capture some of this market. Recording on the professional-grade systems that became affordable for individuals in the late 1990s (most notably, ProTools), these artists are known as "indies" because they release their records on independent, often self-owned record labels, or no label at all. Currently, some of the less-known but highly distinctive, well-loved writer-performers in this grass-roots touring world are: Dar Williams, Ani DiFranco, Richard Shindell, Willy Porter, Billy Jonas, Annie Gallup, Patty Larkin, and Jennifer Kimball. Emerging indie artists getting notice in 2005 are: Jonathan Byrd, Anais Mitchell, Juliet Wyers, Danya River, Molly Venter.

2001 in music

Events

- January 1 - Comeback of Guns N' Roses in House of Blues
- January 1 - Hum disbands.
- January 17 - Bass player Jason Newsted leaves Metallica after 14 years with the band.
- January/February - Rush records Vapor Trails, which was released on May 14, 2002.
- February - CFXJ (Flow 93.5), Canada's first urban music station, goes to air for the first time as a testing signal (its official debut is on March 1.) This is a breakthrough for Canadian hip hop and R&B musicians, who had previously faced significant barriers to getting exposure for their music.
- February 13 - Peter Frampton receives the Orville H. Gibson Lifetime Achievement Award
- February 17 - Manic Street Preachers become the first western rock band to play in Cuba. (Fidel Castro was in attendance.)
- March 1 - Collin Raye is awarded the Artist Humanitarian Award from Country Radio Broadcasters Inc. The award was given in recognition of Raye's work on behalf of a number of different charitable organizations including Child help USA, USA Weekend's Make a Difference Day and the Native American organization Hecel Oyakapi.
- March 14 - The Court of Appeals in Rome finds Michael Jackson "not guilty" of plagiarism, reversing a decision made in 1999 by a lower court. Italian songwriter Albano Carrisi had claimed that Jackson's "Will You Be There" was a copy of his song "I Cigni Di Balaka."
- March 28 - Sergei Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 replaces Max Bruch's violin concerto at #1 in the Classic FM Hall of Fame.
- April 4 - Original Zombies lead singer Colin Blunstone and keyboardist Rod Argent, reunite for a two part performance at London's Jazz Cafe. This was the first time the two band members performed together in over 30 years.
- April 24 and October 30 - Janet Jackson and Michael Jackson release albums in the same year, respectively. Janet releases "All For You" and Michael releases "Invincible". Both albums would hit #1 on the album charts.
- May - The 4th EJCF in Basel was held. Next time was in 2004.
- June 16 - The Los Angeles, California radio station KROQ airs the 9th Annual of the Weenie Roast show with Blink-182, Coldplay, Crazy Town, The Cult, Disturbed, Jane's Addiction, Linkin Park, The Living End, New Found Glory, Pennywise, Papa Roach, Stabbing Westward, Staind, Stone Temple Pilots, Sum 41 and 311.
- October 20 - Concert For New York: A Tribute To Heroes airs on VH1, with performances by Paul McCartney, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Billy Joel and others.
- November - The governing body of the UK Singles Chart, Chart Information Network Ltd. (CIN), changes its name to The Official UK Charts Company.
- Mariah Carey makes a number of unusual public appearances, including an unscheduled visit to MTV's Total Request Live. Rumors fly that the star had a mental breakdown.
- Area One music festival brings together a variety of acts including Moby, Incubus, Outkast, New Order, Nelly Furtado, The Roots, Rinocerose, Paul Oakenfold, and Carl Cox.
- Napster's popularity peaks
- Elastica disband
- Toadies disband
- 5ive disband
- Apollo Sunshine forms
- Audioslave forms
- Die Trying forms
- Franz Ferdinand forms
- Revolution forms
- Savage Garden disband
- Steps disband
- The Underdog Project forms
- Zebra forms again
- Zwan forms

Albums released

- Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd - Pink Floyd
- Kingsize - 5ive
- Greatest Hits - 5ive
- From Chaos - 311
- The Definitive Collection - ABBA
- Teen Spirit - A-Teens
- Just Push Play - Aerosmith
- 10,000 Hz Legend - Air
- ANThology - Alien Ant Farm
- Underground Network - Anti-Flag
- Wages of Sin - Arch Enemy
- End Is Forever - The Ataris
- drukqs - Aphex Twin
- The Metal Opera - Tobias Sammet's Avantasia
- The Process Of Belief - Bad Religion (released in the United States in 2002)
- Disc One: All Their Greatest Hits - Barenaked Ladies
- Long Stories Short - Bayside
- Victoria Beckham - Victoria Beckham
- This Is Where I Came In - Bee Gees
- Vespertine - Björk
- Lions - The Black Crowes
- Take Off Your Pants And Jacket - Blink-182
- Honour-Valour-Pride - Bolt Thrower
- How I Spent My Summer Vacation - The Bouncing Souls
- Feel Good Lost - Broken Social Scene
- A Girl Like Me - Emma Bunton
- Golden State - Bush
- Comfort Eagle - Cake
- Follow the Reaper - Children of Bodom
- Ten New Songs - Leonard Cohen
- Wake Up And Smell The Coffee - The Cranberries
- I Don't Care That You Don't Mind - Crash Test Dummies
- Weathered - Creed
- Greatest Hits - The Cure
- Devil's Night - D12(band)
- Révolution 5° du Nom - Dalida (Remix album)
- Everyday - Dave Matthews Band
- A Kind Of Blue - Miles Davis
- The Best of Bruce Dickinson - Bruce Dickinson
- Mutiny on the Bay - Dead Kennedys
- Day of the Death - Death By Stereo (released in Europe in 2000)
- Puritanical Euphoric Misanthropia - Dimmu Borgir
- The Sickness - The Disturbed
- Sing Loud, Sing Proud - Dropkick Murphys
- Sinner - Drowning Pool
- Love and Theft - Bob Dylan
- Mandrake - Edguy
- Flirting with Twilight - Kurt Elling
- Prometheus: The Discipline of Fire and Demise - Emperor
- Girl - Eskimo Joe
- In Search of Truth - Evergrey
- Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Die, Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Live Forever - Explosions in the Sky
- Suburban Blight - F-Minus
- Falconer - Falconer
- Jaktens Tid - Finntroll
- Viva los violence - Frankenstein Drag Queens From Planet 13
- Enjoy Yourself - Frantic Flintstones
- Echoes: The Best of Pink Floyd - Pink Floyd
- Lars Frederiksen & The Bastards - Lars Frederiksen
- The Argument - Fugazi
- Rise - Gabrielle
- Dreams Can Come True, Greatest Hits Vol. 1 - Gabrielle
- No World Order - Gamma Ray
- Beautifulgarbage - Garbage
- Gorillaz - Gorillaz
- Light of Day, Day of Darkness - Green Carnation
- International SuperHits! - Green Day
- International SuperVideos! - Green Day (DVD Release)
- Warning: - Green Day
- Trace - Gridlock
- Covered With Ants - Guttermouth
- Live Insurrection - Rob Halford
- Scream If You Wanna Go Faster - Geri Halliwell
- Scattered, Smothered and Covered - Hootie & the Blowfish
- Horror Show - Iced Earth
- Morning View - Incubus
- All for you - Janet Jackson
- Invincible - Michael Jackson
- Mechanized Warfare - Jag Panzer
- Jimmy Eat World (formerly Bleed American) - Jimmy Eat World
- Arrival - Journey
- The Essential Journey - Journey
- Demolition - Judas Priest
- Karma - Kamelot
- Songs in A Minor - Alicia Keys
- Cocky - Kid Rock
- Violent Revolution - Kreator
- Unleashed Memories - Lacuna Coil
- Lenny - Lenny Kravitz
- V / Ecstatic Fanatic - Live
- Roll On - The Living End
- Wonders of the World - Long Beach Dub Allstars
- Awakening the World - Lost Horizon
- Word Of Mouf - Ludacris
- Supercharger - Machine Head
- Driving Rain - Paul McCartney
- Greatest Hits - Tim McGraw
- The World Needs A Hero - Megadeth
- All Is Dream - Mercury Rev
- Destination Unknown - Mest
- Miss E... So Addictive - Missy Elliott
- God Says No - Monster Magnet
- Mandy Moore - Mandy Moore
- Origin of Symmetry - Muse
- The Big Combo - New Bomb Turks
- No More Shall We Part - Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds
- Silver Side Up - Nickelback
- Rock Steady - No Doubt
- Blackwater Park - Opeth
- Down To Earth - Ozzy Osbourne
- Land Of The Free? - Pennywise
- Anyone's For Doomsday - Powerman 5000
- Freaked Out and Small - Presidents of the United States of America
- Nuclear Fire - Primal Fear
- Come Clean - Puddle Of Mudd
- We Are Puss - Puss
- Amnesiac - Radiohead
- Mutter - Rammstein
- Revolving Around The World - Revolution
- My Heart Is In Your Hands - Revolution
- Rain of a Thousand Flames - Rhapsody
- Melody A.M. - Röyksopp
- Poets and Madmen - Savatage
- Laundry Service - Shakira
- God Hates Us All - Slayer
- IOWA - Slipknot
- Pretty Together - Sloan
- Greatest Hits (2-Disc) - The Smashing Pumpkins
- Silence - Sonata Arctica
- Spy Kids - Soundtrack
- Break The Cycle - Staind
- Sound-Dust - Stereolab
- Is This It - The Strokes
- Start Static - Sugarcult
- All Killer No Filler - Sum 41
- Live on the Edge of Forever - Symphony X
- Toxicity - System of a Down
- Shameless - Therapy?
- Secrets of the Runes - Therion
- Mink Car - They Might Be Giants
- From Chaos - 311
- Lateralus - Tool
- Communication & Conviction: Last Seven Years - The Tossers
- It Doesn´t Matter - The Underdog Project
- World of Glass - Tristania
- Fuel For Life - The Turbo AC's
- Product Of Television - UP SyNDROME
- Back at the Laundromat - US Bombs
- Final V.U. 1971-1973 - The Velvet Underground
- Bootleg Series, Vol. 1: The Quine Tapes - The Velvet Underground
- Weezer (2001) - Weezer
- Don't Tell the Band - Widespread Panic
- Swing When You're Winning - Robbie Williams
- The Sinister Urge - Rob Zombie

Hot Hits

- "Ain't Nothing 'Bout You" - Brooks & Dunn
- "(Upside down) bouncing off the ceiling" - A-Teens
- "Crawling" - Linkin Park
- "Hey Baby" - No Doubt
- "Laissez-moi danser (By Cerrone)" - Dalida (Remix)
- "I Hope You Dance" - Lee Ann Womack
- "In The End" - Linkin Park
- "Million Miles Away" - The Offspring
- "One Step Closer" - Linkin Park
- "Get Ur Freak On" - Missy Elliott
- "Want You Bad" - The Offspring
- "Whenever Wherever"/"Suerte" - Shakira
- "One Minute Man" - Missy Elliott (featuring Ludacris and Trina) See also: Hot 100 No. 1 Hits of 2001 (USA)

Hot Albums

#Linkin Park - Hybrid Theory #Shaggy - Hotshot #
- NSYNC - No Strings Attached #Enya - A Day Without Rain #Staind - Break The Cycle #Alicia Keys - Songs in A Minor #Destiny's Child - Survivor #Creed - Weathered #Soundtrack - O Brother, Where Art Thou? #Various Artists - Now That's What I Call Music! Vol. 6

Classical music

- Leonardo Balada - Cello Concerto No. 2 New Orleans
- Osvaldas Balakauskas - Symphony No. 5
- John Corigliano - Symphony No. 2 for String Orchestra
- George Crumb - Unto the Hills for soprano, percussion quartet and piano
- Helmut Lachenmann - Grido (string quartet)
- Peter Ruzicka - Trans - Requiem für Giuseppe Sinopoli

Opera

- Theo Loevendie - Johnny & Jones

Musical theater

- 42nd Street     Broadway revival opened at the Ford Center on May 2
- A Class Act     Broadway production opened at the Ambassador Theatre on March 11 and ran for 105 performances
- Mamma Mia     Broadway production opened at the Winter Garden Theatre on October 18
- The Producers     Broadway production opened at St. James Theatre on April 19
- Urinetown     Broadway production opened at the Hudson Theatre on September 20 and ran for 965 performances

Musical films

- Moulin Rouge! released May 18, starring Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor

Births

Deaths

- January 7 - James Carr, soul singer
- February 4 - Iannis Xenakis, a Greek composer.
- February 13 - George Simon, Music critic and original Glenn Miller Band drummer, pneumonia
- February 19 - Charles Trenet, French singer, songwriter
- February 21 - Ronnie Hilton
- February 21 - Malcolm Yelvington
- February 22 - John Fahey, guitarist, indie label owner
- March 18 - John Phillips, cofounder of Popular Music group The Mamas and the Papas
- March 28 - Moe Koffman (73), Canadian Jazz singer
- April 15 - Joey Ramone, 49, lead singer for The Ramones
- April 20 - Giuseppe Sinopoli, composer and conductor
- May 12 - Perry Como, singer
- May 20 - Renato Carosone, Italian musician and singer
- June 4 - John Hartford, 64, Bluegrass musician
- June 21 - John Lee Hooker, 83, Blues musician
- June 30 - Chet Atkins, 77, country musician
- July 27 - Leon Wilkeson, 49, Bassist for Lynyrd Skynyrd
- August 25 - Aaliyah, 22, American singer and actress
- September 22 - Isaac Stern, 81, violinist
- November 29 - George Harrison, 58, musician and former member of The Beatles
- December 13 - Chuck Schuldiner, 34, vocalist and guitarist with Death
- Decemb