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Kandersteg International Scout Centre

Kandersteg International Scout Centre

Kandersteg International Scout Centre (KISC) is an international Scout centre in Kandersteg, Switzerland and is the only world centre of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). The Centre, which occupies 17 hectares of land, is open to Scouts all year round, as well as to non-Scouts for most of the year. More than 10,000 young people from over 40 different countries visit the Centre each year, ensuring a unique international atmosphere. hectares

History

Scouting was founded in 1907 and in the first 15 years it grew very rapidly. Quite soon there were Scouts in many different counties all over the world. At the first World Scout Jamboree in London in 1920, Lord Baden-Powell saw that it was a great success. He had seen the atmosphere and the impact created by bringing so many young people together and he wanted Scouts from around the world to be able to have a similar experience at any time. So he expressed his wish of a permanent international meeting place where Scouts from all over the world could come and meet together. In 1921 the Chief Scout of Switzerland, Walter von Bonstetten, was visiting Kandersteg on holiday where he found an old empty chalet. It had been built in 1908, when the Lötschberg railway tunnel was under construction to house the workers. In 1913 when the tunnel had been finished it was left by the railway company. Von Bonstetten felt that this location could be the meeting place that Baden-Powell had dreamed about. He wrote to him to let him know what he had found. The response was positive and in February 1923 the "Scouts International Home" Association was set up; on 12 April 1923 the chalet and some land was bought and the Centre came into existence. It cost SFr. 15,100.-

Milestones

SFr
- 1923 - the Centre is founded
- 1927 - the first national room is created, the Dutch Room
- 1929 - most of the campsite is bought
- 1930 - BP visits to see what progress is being made
- 1931 - the 1st World Scout Moot sees 2,500 Rover Scouts gather in Kandersteg
- During the war, the Centre is used to house French soldiers interned for the war
- 1949 - Walter von Bonstetten dies
- 1953 - the 5th World Scout Moot sees over 4,000 Rovers in Kandersteg
- 1950's - more property is bought including the woods by the river Kander and the Centre begins to open in the winter as well
- 1973 - Kurt Metz is appointed as the first full time Director, thanks to the generous support of Kenneth Macintosh
- 1977 - the Centre is renamed to its current name, Kandersteg International Scout Centre
- 1979 - Camp Kristall takes place, one of those that replaces the cancelled World Scout Jamboree
- 1980's - new campsites are created, together with extra toilet facilities and the Centre goes through a difficult time financially
- 1992 - the 9th World Scout Moot brings nearly 2,000 people from over 50 countries; shortly after it ends, Aidan Jones is appointed Director
- 1994 - the "International Scout Centre Foundation, Kandersteg" is established
- 1995 - work begins on the Chalet extension project
- 1996 - the Chalet extension opens on 1st June; later that year, John Moffat takes over as Camp Director
- 1998 - the Centre celebrated its 75th Anniversary with a series of events during the year.
- 2002 - Miriam Hertzberg is appointed new Director.
- 2005 - Work begins on the new bathroom renovations; later that year, Mark Knippenberg takes over as Director.

Location

2005 The small, traditional Swiss village of Kandersteg is situated at 1'200 metres above sea level, 65 kilometres south of Bern. It is easily reached by road and rail and provides an excellent base for sightseeing or exploring the Alps. Situated on the main railway line from Benelux/Scandinavia/Germany to Italy, Kandersteg is very well served by fast trains. During the high seasons, a regular bus runs from the local railway station to the Centre. The Centre is at the southern end of village.

Facilities

Chalet

The central part of the Centre is the Chalet which consists of 2 parts, the old and new. It is in this building that the Centres reception and offices are based as well as various facilities for guests. The completion of the extension in 1996 greatly increased the facilities available in the Chalet, with full central heating, modern sanitary facilities with constant hot water, a souvenir shop, meeting rooms, postal service, public telephones, coffee bar, laundry, first aid room and internet facilities. There are also five fully equipped electric kitchens available for use. The Chalet is open all year round and is run along much the same lines as most Youth Hostels, with an emphasis on community life and living together with other groups, who all help to look after and clean the building. The Chalet is decorated with scarves and plaques from guests, as well as photos, posters and badges showing the world wide family of Scouting. The Old Chalet provides accommodation for 172 people in 23 rooms, each with between 2 and 22 beds. Most rooms have tables and chairs, providing a living area. The rooms are named after National Scout Organizations or Scout Regions that have helped with renovating and decorating the room. The New Chalet provides new Staff accommodation, meeting rooms and upgraded accommodation for 27 people in nine 3-bedded bedrooms available outside the summer season.

Campsite

The Campsite can accommodate up to 1,400 persons on more than 60 different sites. On average during the summer, the site has around 750 guests at a time. While close to other groups, each group can be sure of their own campsite ensuring both an international atmosphere and privacy. All sites have running water nearby and there are toilets and showers with hot water close at hand, which all groups help to look after during their stay. There is a shop open on the campsite during the summer and a campsite office that is open most of the time. The campsite was originally waste land from the construction of the Tunnel, so some of the sites are very rocky. The railway runs very close to some sites, so it can be a bit noise at times.

Tower

The Tower was originally the power station when the railway was built and now has 2 parts - the tower itself and the LotschbergHaus (sleeping building). In total there is accommodation for 57 people - 4 rooms with 12 beds in the LotschbergHaus and 1 newly renovated room with 9 beds in the Tower. Facilities include full toilet and shower facilities for boys and girls, a fully equipped electric kitchen and a big living room with an open fireplace and balcony.

Ueschinen Hut

It is situated in the Ueschinen Valley, at a height of 1,890 meters, and about 2-3 hours walk away from the Centre. It is usually open from May to October. During the summer it is used mainly as a base for climbing and hiking activities, but it may be used by groups during the year, provided that the weather allows it. The Hut is actually half of a cowshed so something its a bit nosey at night. It can sleep max. 30 people and has a fully equipped kitchen with wood stove, a general living and eating room and a very special toilet – there is no electricity and no shower.

Activities

The activity programme offered by the Centre is based on three themes of International Friendship, Alpine High Adventure and the Environment, designed to help guests learn, develop and have lots of fun.

Summer

They offer, within the three themes, a fixed weekly in-camp programme including International Campfire, Pioneering competition and Barbecue, as well as a wide range of daily activities such as trails, nature workshops, hiking, rock climbing, crafts, mountain biking, paragliding, river rafting and trips to various parts of Switzerland.

Winter

The programme offers a range of alpine snow activities such as downhill or cross country skiing and snowboarding. There are also a variety of other activities in and around Kandersteg, like sledging, curling, skating, snow shoeing and caving.

Year round

Throughout the year, they offer many programme activities for groups. The exact possibilities will depend on when you visit and options vary with each season. By participating in the programme, guests can work towards the award that exists for each of the themes. These are designed to bring together guests of all ages, nationalities and culture, whilst encouraging them to experience, learn about and appreciate the alpine environment.

Staff

caving A full time Director, assisted by an international team of volunteer staff staying from three months to several years, is responsible for the Centre throughout the year. Volunteer staff are recruited in various numbers according to the time of year to assist with the running of the Centre's facilities and the programme offered. These Staff members are known as pinkies due to their uniform of shocking pink t-shirts and sweatshirts. They also wear a Neckerchief to represent their scouting background. There is 3 conditions that must be met in order to be accepted on Staff. # Be over 18 years of age on the day you start work. # Be able to communicate in English. # Be a member of WOSM or WAGGGS

See also


- World Organization of the Scout Movement
- Kandersteg
- Gilwell Park
- Brownsea Island

External links


- [http://www.kisc.ch/ Official Website]
- [http://www.kandersteg.ch/ The Village of Kandersteg] Category:Scouting
- kandersteg

Kandersteg International Scout Centre

Kandersteg International Scout Centre (KISC) is an international Scout centre in Kandersteg, Switzerland and is the only world centre of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). The Centre, which occupies 17 hectares of land, is open to Scouts all year round, as well as to non-Scouts for most of the year. More than 10,000 young people from over 40 different countries visit the Centre each year, ensuring a unique international atmosphere. hectares

History

Scouting was founded in 1907 and in the first 15 years it grew very rapidly. Quite soon there were Scouts in many different counties all over the world. At the first World Scout Jamboree in London in 1920, Lord Baden-Powell saw that it was a great success. He had seen the atmosphere and the impact created by bringing so many young people together and he wanted Scouts from around the world to be able to have a similar experience at any time. So he expressed his wish of a permanent international meeting place where Scouts from all over the world could come and meet together. In 1921 the Chief Scout of Switzerland, Walter von Bonstetten, was visiting Kandersteg on holiday where he found an old empty chalet. It had been built in 1908, when the Lötschberg railway tunnel was under construction to house the workers. In 1913 when the tunnel had been finished it was left by the railway company. Von Bonstetten felt that this location could be the meeting place that Baden-Powell had dreamed about. He wrote to him to let him know what he had found. The response was positive and in February 1923 the "Scouts International Home" Association was set up; on 12 April 1923 the chalet and some land was bought and the Centre came into existence. It cost SFr. 15,100.-

Milestones

SFr
- 1923 - the Centre is founded
- 1927 - the first national room is created, the Dutch Room
- 1929 - most of the campsite is bought
- 1930 - BP visits to see what progress is being made
- 1931 - the 1st World Scout Moot sees 2,500 Rover Scouts gather in Kandersteg
- During the war, the Centre is used to house French soldiers interned for the war
- 1949 - Walter von Bonstetten dies
- 1953 - the 5th World Scout Moot sees over 4,000 Rovers in Kandersteg
- 1950's - more property is bought including the woods by the river Kander and the Centre begins to open in the winter as well
- 1973 - Kurt Metz is appointed as the first full time Director, thanks to the generous support of Kenneth Macintosh
- 1977 - the Centre is renamed to its current name, Kandersteg International Scout Centre
- 1979 - Camp Kristall takes place, one of those that replaces the cancelled World Scout Jamboree
- 1980's - new campsites are created, together with extra toilet facilities and the Centre goes through a difficult time financially
- 1992 - the 9th World Scout Moot brings nearly 2,000 people from over 50 countries; shortly after it ends, Aidan Jones is appointed Director
- 1994 - the "International Scout Centre Foundation, Kandersteg" is established
- 1995 - work begins on the Chalet extension project
- 1996 - the Chalet extension opens on 1st June; later that year, John Moffat takes over as Camp Director
- 1998 - the Centre celebrated its 75th Anniversary with a series of events during the year.
- 2002 - Miriam Hertzberg is appointed new Director.
- 2005 - Work begins on the new bathroom renovations; later that year, Mark Knippenberg takes over as Director.

Location

2005 The small, traditional Swiss village of Kandersteg is situated at 1'200 metres above sea level, 65 kilometres south of Bern. It is easily reached by road and rail and provides an excellent base for sightseeing or exploring the Alps. Situated on the main railway line from Benelux/Scandinavia/Germany to Italy, Kandersteg is very well served by fast trains. During the high seasons, a regular bus runs from the local railway station to the Centre. The Centre is at the southern end of village.

Facilities

Chalet

The central part of the Centre is the Chalet which consists of 2 parts, the old and new. It is in this building that the Centres reception and offices are based as well as various facilities for guests. The completion of the extension in 1996 greatly increased the facilities available in the Chalet, with full central heating, modern sanitary facilities with constant hot water, a souvenir shop, meeting rooms, postal service, public telephones, coffee bar, laundry, first aid room and internet facilities. There are also five fully equipped electric kitchens available for use. The Chalet is open all year round and is run along much the same lines as most Youth Hostels, with an emphasis on community life and living together with other groups, who all help to look after and clean the building. The Chalet is decorated with scarves and plaques from guests, as well as photos, posters and badges showing the world wide family of Scouting. The Old Chalet provides accommodation for 172 people in 23 rooms, each with between 2 and 22 beds. Most rooms have tables and chairs, providing a living area. The rooms are named after National Scout Organizations or Scout Regions that have helped with renovating and decorating the room. The New Chalet provides new Staff accommodation, meeting rooms and upgraded accommodation for 27 people in nine 3-bedded bedrooms available outside the summer season.

Campsite

The Campsite can accommodate up to 1,400 persons on more than 60 different sites. On average during the summer, the site has around 750 guests at a time. While close to other groups, each group can be sure of their own campsite ensuring both an international atmosphere and privacy. All sites have running water nearby and there are toilets and showers with hot water close at hand, which all groups help to look after during their stay. There is a shop open on the campsite during the summer and a campsite office that is open most of the time. The campsite was originally waste land from the construction of the Tunnel, so some of the sites are very rocky. The railway runs very close to some sites, so it can be a bit noise at times.

Tower

The Tower was originally the power station when the railway was built and now has 2 parts - the tower itself and the LotschbergHaus (sleeping building). In total there is accommodation for 57 people - 4 rooms with 12 beds in the LotschbergHaus and 1 newly renovated room with 9 beds in the Tower. Facilities include full toilet and shower facilities for boys and girls, a fully equipped electric kitchen and a big living room with an open fireplace and balcony.

Ueschinen Hut

It is situated in the Ueschinen Valley, at a height of 1,890 meters, and about 2-3 hours walk away from the Centre. It is usually open from May to October. During the summer it is used mainly as a base for climbing and hiking activities, but it may be used by groups during the year, provided that the weather allows it. The Hut is actually half of a cowshed so something its a bit nosey at night. It can sleep max. 30 people and has a fully equipped kitchen with wood stove, a general living and eating room and a very special toilet – there is no electricity and no shower.

Activities

The activity programme offered by the Centre is based on three themes of International Friendship, Alpine High Adventure and the Environment, designed to help guests learn, develop and have lots of fun.

Summer

They offer, within the three themes, a fixed weekly in-camp programme including International Campfire, Pioneering competition and Barbecue, as well as a wide range of daily activities such as trails, nature workshops, hiking, rock climbing, crafts, mountain biking, paragliding, river rafting and trips to various parts of Switzerland.

Winter

The programme offers a range of alpine snow activities such as downhill or cross country skiing and snowboarding. There are also a variety of other activities in and around Kandersteg, like sledging, curling, skating, snow shoeing and caving.

Year round

Throughout the year, they offer many programme activities for groups. The exact possibilities will depend on when you visit and options vary with each season. By participating in the programme, guests can work towards the award that exists for each of the themes. These are designed to bring together guests of all ages, nationalities and culture, whilst encouraging them to experience, learn about and appreciate the alpine environment.

Staff

caving A full time Director, assisted by an international team of volunteer staff staying from three months to several years, is responsible for the Centre throughout the year. Volunteer staff are recruited in various numbers according to the time of year to assist with the running of the Centre's facilities and the programme offered. These Staff members are known as pinkies due to their uniform of shocking pink t-shirts and sweatshirts. They also wear a Neckerchief to represent their scouting background. There is 3 conditions that must be met in order to be accepted on Staff. # Be over 18 years of age on the day you start work. # Be able to communicate in English. # Be a member of WOSM or WAGGGS

See also


- World Organization of the Scout Movement
- Kandersteg
- Gilwell Park
- Brownsea Island

External links


- [http://www.kisc.ch/ Official Website]
- [http://www.kandersteg.ch/ The Village of Kandersteg] Category:Scouting
- kandersteg

Kandersteg

Kandersteg is a village in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland. It is noted for its spectacular mountain scenery and sylvan alpine landscapes. It has been known since Roman times. In the 1860's it began to be developed as a tourist haven. Tourism is a very significant part of it economic life today. It is a year round outdoors mecca for hiking trails and mountain climbing as well as downhill and cross-country skiing. The International Scout Centre is located at the edge of the village. More than 10,000 scouts from all over the world visit each year. The Gemmi Pass connects Kandersteg with Leukerbad, Valais. The Lötschberg Tunnel is part of a major railway line across the Alps.

See also


- Kandersteg International Scout Centre

External links


- [http://www.kandersteg.ch/ Village of Kandersteg]
- [http://www.kisc.ch/ Scout Centre] Category:Municipalities of Berne

World Organization of the Scout Movement

The World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) is the supranational organization which governs most national Scout Movements. It is the counterpart of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts. The World Scout Conference is the governing body and meets every three years, preceded by the World Scout Youth Forum. The World Scout Committee is the chief executive and is composed of elected volunteers. The World Scout Bureau (formerly the International Bureau) is the secretariat. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland and has offices in six regional divisions:
- European Region: Geneva, Switzerland; Brussels, Belgium and Belgrade, Serbia
- Arab Region: Cairo, Egypt
- Africa Region: Nairobi, Kenya; Cape Town, South Africa; and Dakar, Senegal
- Asia-Pacific Region: Makati City, Philippines; Australia; and Tokyo, Japan
- Interamerican Region: Santiago, Chile
- Eurasian Region: Gurzuf near Yalta, Ukraine and Moscow, Russia Moscow, Russia The World Organization of the Scout Movement is associated with Kandersteg International Scout Centre in Kandersteg, Switzerland which is operated by a separate not-for-profit corporation. The World Scout Jamboree is held roughly every four years under the auspices of the WOSM, with members of WAGGGS also invited. WOSM also organises the World Scout Moot, a Jamboree for 18-30 year olds. The World Scout Foundation is a perpetual fund governed by a separate Board of Governors and supported by donations for the development of Scouting programs throughout the world.

History

The needs of Scout youth in unusual situations has created some interesting permutations, answerable directly to the World Scout Bureau. For years there was an active Boy Scouts of the United Nations with several troops at Parkway Village in New York City, with but 14 members in 1959. Also directly registered to the World Bureau were the 900 member Boy Scouts of the Panama Canal Zone, as well as 84 Scouts of C.E.C.A., possibly an early precursor to the European Union.

See also


- List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members
- Kandersteg International Scout Centre

External links and references


- [http://scout.org World Organization of the Scout Movement] Facts on World Scouting, Boy Scouts International Bureau, Ottawa, Canada, 1961 Category:Scouting ja:世界スカウト機構

1907

1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar).

Events

January


- January 6 - Maria Montessori opens her first school and daycare center for working class children in Rome (Casa dei Bambini in San Lorenzo).
- January 14 - An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000.
- January 23 - Charles Curtis from Kansas, becomes the first Native American US Senator.

February


- February 22 - Scouting is founded by Robert Baden-Powell in the United Kingdom.

March


- March 5 - The new Duma is opened in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators had to be dispersed by Russian troops.
- March 18 - Train robbery in Sweden (first and only as of 2004)
- March 22 - The first cabs with taxi meters began operating in London.

May


- May 8 - Mount Peleé erupts
- May 27 - A Bubonic plague outbreak begins in San Francisco, California.

June


- June 1 - Colin Blythe takes 17 wickets for 48 runs against Northamptonshire at Northampton in one day. It is the best analysis ever recorded for a county cricket match (or for a single day's bowling), and not bettered in first-class cricket until 1956.
- June 5 - BAPS Swaminarayan religion established.
- June 11 - George Dennett, aided by Gilbert Jessop, dismisses Northamptonshire for 12 runs, the lowest total in first-class cricket.

July


- July 6 - Guardians of Irish Crown Jewels notice that they have been stolen
- July 25 - Korea becomes a protectorate of Japan.

August


- August 1-9 - Baden-Powell leads the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island, England.
- August 31 - Formation of the Anglo-Russian Entente.

September


- September 26 - New Zealand and Newfoundland become a dominion.

October


- October 24 - A major American financial crisis was averted when when J. P. Morgan, E. H. Harriman, James Stillman, Henry Clay Frick, and other Wall Street financiers created a $25,000,000 pool to invest in the shares on the plunging New York Stock Exchange.

November


- November 16 - Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma and are admitted as the 46th U.S. state.

December


- December 19 - Explosion in coal mine in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania - 239 dead

Undated


- The Diamond Sutra of 868, a Buddhist scripture later dated as earliest example of block printing, is discovered in the Mogao Caves.
- The triode thermionic amplifier invented by Lee DeForest, starting the development of electronics as a practical technology.
- The Autochrome Lumière is the first color photography process marketed.
- Herero Wars end
- French warship Jena explodes - 117 dead
- First parliamentary elections in the Philippines
- Adlon Hotel finished in Berlin
- The Moine Thrust Belt in Scotland becomes the first thrust belt to be discovered in the world.
- The first non-profit school in California is created, Polytechnic School.
- The Lockport Powerhouse is built.

Births

January-March


- January 20 - Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (d. 1990)
- January 20 - Paula Wessely, Austrian actress (d. 2000)
- January 23 - Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
- February 1 - Günter Eich, German writer (d. 1972)
- February 15 - Jean Langlais, French composer and organist (d. 1991)
- February 15 - Cesar Romero, American actor (d. 1994)
- February 17 - Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (d. 1983)
- February 21 - W. H. Auden, English poet (d. 1973)
- February 22 - Sheldon Leonard, American actor, writer, director, and producer (d. 1997)
- February 22 - Robert Young, American actor (d. 1998)
- February 27 - Mildred Bailey, American singer (d. 1951)
- March 13 - Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Braganca, claimant to the Portuguese throne (d. 1995)
- March 8 - Constantine Caramanlis, Greek politician (d. 1998)
- March 15 - Zarah Leander, Swedish actress and singer (d. 1981)
- March 22 - Lucia dos Santos, Potuguese nun and visionary (d. 2005)
- March 23 - Daniel Bovet, Swiss-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1992)

April-June


- April 12 - Felix de Weldon, Austrian-born sculptor (d. 2003)
- April 13 - Harold Stassen, American politician (d. 2001)
- April 15 - Nikolaas Tinbergen, Dutch ornithologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1988)
- April 23 - Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor (d. 1975)
- April 24 - William Sargant, British psychiatrist (d. 1988)
- April 29 - Tino Rossi, French singer (d. 1983)
- April 29 - Fred Zinnemann, Austrian director (d. 1997)
- May 2 - Pinky Lee, American comedian (d. 1993)
- May 9 - Baldur von Schirach, Nazi official (d. 1974)
- May 11 - Rose Ausländer, German poet (d. 1988)
- May 12 - Katharine Hepburn, American actress (d. 2003)
- May 13 - Dame Daphne du Maurier, English author (d. 1989)
- May 14 - Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (d. 1974)
- May 22 - Hergé, Belgian comics author (d. 1983)
- May 22 - Sir Laurence Olivier, English actor and director (d. 1989)
- May 26 - John Wayne, American actor (d. 1979)
- May 26 - Rachel Carson, American environmental writer (d. 1964)
- May 30 - Elly Beinhorn, German pilot
- June 14 - René Char, French poet (d. 1988)
- June 23 - James Meade, English economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
- June 25 - J. Hans D. Jensen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laurete (d. 1973)

July-September


- July 6 - Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter (d. 1954)
- July 7 - Robert A. Heinlein, American science fiction author (d. 1988)
- August 8 - Benny Carter, American musician (d. 2003)
- August 12 - Joe Besser, American comedian (d. 1988)
- August 13 - Viscount William Waldorf Astor, British politician (d. 1966)
- September 12 - Spud Chandler, baseball player (d. 1990)
- September 15 - Fay Wray, Canadian-born actress (d. 2004)
- September 18 - Leon Askin, Austrian actor (d. 2005)
- September 18 - Edwin McMillan, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
- September 26 - Bep van Klaveren, Dutch boxer (d. 1992)
- September 27 - Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher and writer (d. 2003)
- September 29 - Gene Autry, American actor (d. 1998)

October-December


- October 2 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize luarete (d. 1997)
- October 5 - Mrs. Miller, American singer (d. 1997)
- October 9 - Lord Hailsham, British politician (d. 2001)
- October 15 - Varian Fry, American journalist and rescuer (d. 1967)
- October 19 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, American bandleader (d. 1962)
- October 22 - Jimmie Foxx, baseball player (d. 1967)
- November 14 - Howard W. Hunter, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1995)
- November 14 - Astrid Lindgren, Swedish children's writer (d. 2002)
- November 14 - William Steig, American cartoonist (d. 2003)
- November 16 - Burgess Meredith, American actor (d. 1997)
- November 18 - Compay Segundo, Cuban musician (Buena Vista Social Club) (d. 2003)
- November 28 - Alberto Moravia, Italian novelist (d. 1990)
- December 10 - Lucien Laurent, French footballer (d. 2005)
- December 19 - Jimmy McLarnin, Irish-born boxer (d. 2004)
- December 22 - Dame Peggy Ashcroft, British actress (d. 1991)
- December 23 - James Roosevelt, American businessman and politician (d. 1991)
- December 27 - Johann Wilhelm Trollmann, German boxer (d. 1943)

Undated


- Rafael Godoy, Colombian composer (d. 1973)
- Ismail Nasiruddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Zainal Abidin III, King of Malaysia (d. 1979)
- Zhang Chongren, Chinese artist (d. 1998)

Deaths


- January 31 - Timothy Eaton, Canadian department store founder (b. 1834)
- February 2 - Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist (b. 1834)
- February 16 - Giosue Carducci, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835)
- February 16 - Clémentine of Orléans, daughter of King Louis-Philippe of France (b. 1817)
- February 20 - Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- February 26 - C. W. Alcock, English footballer, journalist, and football promoter (b. 1842)
- March 19 - Thomas Bailey Aldrich, American poet and novelist (b. 1836)
- May 12 - Joris-Karl Huysmans, French author (b. 1848)
- August 15 - Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (b. 1831)
- August 16 - James Hector, Scottish geologist (b. 1834)
- September 4 - Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer (b. 1843)
- September 6 - Sully Prudhomme, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1829)
- November 16 - Robert I, Duke of Parma, last ruling Duke of Parma (b. 1848)
- November 28 - Stanisław Wyspiański, Polish writer, painter, and architect (b. 1869)
- December 8 - King Oscar II of Sweden (b. 1829)
- December 17 - Lord Kelvin, Irish-born physicist and engineer (b. 1824)

Nobel Prizes


- Physics - Albert Abraham Michelson
- Chemistry - Eduard Buchner
- Medicine - Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran
- Literature - Rudyard Kipling
- Peace - Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Louis Renault Category:1907 ko:1907년 ms:1907 ja:1907年 simple:1907 th:พ.ศ. 2450

1920

1920 (MCMXX) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar)

Events

January


- January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk.
- January 9 - Britain announces it will build 1,000,000 homes for war veterans. The promise will never be fulfilled in full.
- January 9 - Thousands of onlookers watch as "The Human Fly" George Polley, climbs the New York Woolworth Building. He has reached the 30th floor when a policeman arrests him for climbing without a permit
- January 10 - League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
- January 15 - Prohibition goes into effect in the United States with the Eighteenth Amendment coming into effect.
- January 16 - Allies demand that the Netherlands extradite the German Kaiser, who has fled there.
- January 19 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
- January 22 - The Australian Country Party is officially formed.
- January 23 - The Netherlands refuses to extradite the German Kaiser.
- January 28 - The Spanish legion is founded and stationed in North Africa to fight rebels in Morocco.
- January 28 - Turkey gives up the Ottoman Empire and all non-Turkish areas.

February


- February 1 - The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begin operations.
- February 2 - Estonia's independence is recognised.
- February 2 - France occupies Memel.
- February 9 - League of Nations gives Spitzbergen to Norway.
- February 10 - Jozef Haller de Hallenburg performs symbolic engagement of Poland with the sea, celebrating restitution of Polish access to open sea.
- February 17 - Woman named Anna Anderson tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to mental hospital, where she claims she is Anastasia.
- February 14 - The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
- February 22 - In Emeryville, California, the first dog racing track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.
- February 24 - Adolf Hitler presents his national socialist program in Munich.

March


- March - World's first peaceful establishment of a social democratic government takes place in Sweden. Hjalmar Branting takes over when Nils Edén resigns.
- March 1 - Hungarian Admiral and statesman Miklós Horthy becomes the Regent of Hungary
- March 1 - The United States Railroad Administration returns control of American railroads to its constituent railroad companies.
- March 13-March 17 - Wolfgang Kapp fails in his coup attempt in Germany due to public resistance and a general strike.
- March 15 ? Red Army of Ruhr, communist army 60.000 men strong, formed
- March 19 - US Congress refuses to ratify Versailles Treaty.
- March 23 - Admiral Horthy declares that Hungary is a monarchy without anyone on the throne.
- March 26 - German government asks France for permission to use its own troops against rebellious Ruhr Red Army in the French-occupied area.
- March 26 - The Black and Tans special constables arrive in Ireland
- March 29 - Sir William Robertson, who enlisted in 1877, becomes a field marshal in the British Army, the first man to rise to this rank from private
- March 31 - Government of Ireland Act 1920 is presented in British parliament.

April-May


- April 2 - German army marches to Ruhr to fight Red Ruhr Army.
- April 4 - Jerusalem pogrom of April, 1920 ? Violence between Arabic and Jewish resident in Jerusalem ? governor declares the state of siege
- April 6 - French troops occupy Frankfurt.
- April 6 - The short-lived Far Eastern Republic declared in eastern Siberia
- April 11 - Mexican Revolution - Alvaro Obregon flees from Mexico City during a trial intended to ruin his reputation - he flees to Guerrero where he joins Fortunato Maycotte
- April 19 - Germany and Bolshevist Russia agree to the exchange of prisoners of war.
- April 20 - Alvaro Obregon announces in Chilpancingo that he intends to fight against the rule of Venustiano Carranza
- April 23 - National council in Turkey denounces the government of sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
- April 24 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish and Ukrainian troops attack Soviet army occupying Ukraine.
- May 2 - The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.
- May 7 - Polish-Soviet War: Polish troops occupy Kyiv. Ukrainian government returns to the city.
- May 7 - Venustiano Carranza leaves Mexico City in a large train
- May 9 - Alvaro Obregon's troops enter Mexico City
- May 15 - Maria Bochkareva executed in Soviet Union
- May 16 - Referendum in Switzerland is favorable to joining League of Nations.
- May 16 - In Rome, Pope Benedict XV canonizes Joan of Arc as a saint.
- May 17 - French and Belgian troops leave the cities they have occupied in Germany.
- May 17 - First flight of KLM, Dutch air company, from Amsterdam to London.
- May 20 - Venustiano Carranza arrives in San Antonio Tlaxcalantongo. Troops of Rodolfo Herrero attack him at night and shoot him
- May 24 - Venustiano Carranza is buried in Mexico City - all of his mourning allies are arrested. Adolfo de la Huerta is elected provisional president
- May 24 - French president Paul Deschanel falls out of a train and is later found wandering along the railroad track, wearing pajamas.
- May 27 - Thomas Masaryk becomes president of Czechoslovakia.
- May 29 - Great Horncastle flood. 20 people killed.

June-July


- June 4 - Treaty of Trianon, Treaty of Peace between The Allied and Hungary.
- June 12 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army retakes Kyiv.
- June 13 - The United States Postal Service rules that children may not be sent via parcel post
- June 15 - New border treaty between Germany and Denmark gives northern Schleswig to Denmark.
- June 22 - Greece attacks Turkish troops.
- July 1 - Germany declares its neutrality in the war between Poland and Soviet Russia
- July 2 - Polish-Soviet War: Red Army continues offensive into Poland.
- July 10 - Arthur Meighen becomes Canada's ninth prime minister.
- July 12 - Bolshevist Russia recognizes independent Lithuania.
- July 13 - London County Council bars foreigners from council jobs.
- July 14 - France declares that Faisal I of Syria is deposed and occupies Damascus and Aleppo
- July 17 - Republic of Mirdite proclaimed near Albanian-Serbian border with Yugoslav support
- July 22 - Polish-Soviet War: Poland sues for peace with Bolshevist Russia.
- July 25 - First transatlantic two-way radio broadcast.
- July 26 - Pancho Villa takes over Sabina and contacts de la Huerta to offer his conditional surrender. He signs his surrender in July 28
- July 29 - The United States Bureau of Reclamation begins contruction of the Link River Dam as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project.

August-September


- August 2 - British parliament passes bill to restore order in Ireland, suspending jury trials.
- August 3 - Catholics riot in Belfast.
- August 10 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives signs the Treaty of Sevres.
- August 11 - Bolshevik Russia recognizes independent Estonia and Latvia.
- August 13 - August 25 - Polish-Soviet War: The Red Army is defeated in the Battle of Warsaw.
- August 15 - Town Hall of Templemore, Ireland, is burned down during the riots.
- August 18 - 19th Amendment to US constitution is passed, guaranteeing women's suffrage.
- 19 August-25 August - Second Silesian Uprising, the Poles in Upper Silesia rise against the Germans
- August 20 - The first commercial radio station in the United States, 8MK (WWJ), begins operations in Detroit, Michigan.
- September 4 - La Tercio de Extranjenos, the "Regiment of Foreigners" (modern-day Spanish Legion) inaugurated in Spain
- September 5 - Presidential elections begin in Mexico
- September 8 - Gabriele D'Annunzio declares Fiume a free state.
- September 16 - The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 39 dead, 400 injured
- September 20 - The first soldier joins the Spanish Legion.
- September 22 - Flying Squad formed in London Metropolitan Police.
- September 29 - First domestic radio sets come to stores in USA – Westinghouse radio costs $10.
- September 29 - Adolf Hitler's makes first public political speech, in Austria.

October-November


- October 9 - Polish troops take Vilnius
- October 10 - In the Carinthian Plebiscite a large part of Carinthia Province votes to become part of Austria rather than of the Yugoslavia.
- October 12 - Polish-Soviet War After Polish army captures Tarnopol, Dubno, Minsk, and Dryssa, the ceasefire is enforced.
- October 18 - Thousands of unemployed demonstrate in London ? 50 injured
- October 26 - Alvaro Obregon is announced elected president of Mexico
- October 27 - League of Nations moves its headquarters to Geneve, Switzerland
- November 2 - Warren G. Harding defeats James M. Cox in the U.S. presidential election, the first national U.S. election in which women have the right to vote.
- November 2 - In the United States, KDKA AM of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (owned by Westinghouse) starts broadcasting as a commercial radio station. The first broadcast was the results of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.
- November 11 - Unknown Soldier buried in Westminster Abbey.
- November 15 - In Geneva, the first assembly of the League of Nations is held.
- November 16 - Queensland and Northen Territory Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson Fysh and Paul McGinniss.
- November 17 - Council of League of Nations accepts the constitution of Danzig(Gdansk) free state.
- November 21 - Bloody Sunday - British forces open fire on spectators and players during a Football match in Dublin's Croke Park, following the assassinations of 12 British agents.
- November 28 - The Third Cork Brigade Flying Column under Gen. Tom Barry successfully ambush two lorries of British soldiers at Kilmichael ,Co.Cork.

December


- December 1 - Álvaro Obregón becomes president of Mexico.
- December 5 - Referendum in Greece is favorable to reinstatement of monarchy.
- December 11 - Martial law in Ireland.
- December 16 - Finland joins the League of Nations.
- December 16 - 8.6 Richter scale Earthquake causes landslide in Gansu Province, China - 180.000 dead.
- December 23 - United Kingdom and France ratify the border between French-held Syria and British-held Palestine.
- December 25 - Foundation of The Rosicrucian Fellowship's Spiritual Healing Temple "The Ecclesia" at Mount Ecclesia, Oceanside, California (USA).

Undated


- Number of US Americans move to Paris to escape the Prohibition
- France prohibits selling of contraceptives.
- Roman Ungern von Sternberg conquers Urga and declares himself as a ruler of Mongolia.
- Kurd rebellion in Turkey begins.
- Johnny Torrio invites Al Capone to Chicago, Illinois from New York City, New York.
- Bricks of wine are widely sold throughout U.S.

Births

January


- January 1 - Virgilio Savona, Italian singer and songwriter (Quartetto Cetra)
- January 2 - Isaac Asimov, Russian-born author (d. 1992)
- January 3 - Renato Carosone, Italian musician and singer (d. 2001)
- January 5 - Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (d. 1995)
- January 6 - Sun Myung Moon, Korean evangelist
- January 6 - John Maynard Smith, English biologist (d. 2004)
- January 6 - Early Wynn, baseball player (d. 1999)
- January 12 - Bill Reid, Canadian artist (d. 1998)
- January 19 - Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian United Nations Secretary General
- January 20 - Federico Fellini, Italian film director (d. 1993)
- January 20 - DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)
- January 20 - John O'Connor, American Catholic cardinal
- January 23 - Gottfried Böhm, German architect
- January 30 - Delbert Mann, American television and film director

February-March


- February 7 - An Wang, Chinese-born computer pioneer (d. 1990)
- February 11 - Farouk I, King of Egypt (d. 1965)
- February 11 - Billy Halop, American actor (d. 1976)
- February 11 - Paul Peter Piech, American artist (d. 1996)
- February 12 - William Roscoe Estep, American Baptist historian (d. 2000)
- February 17 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian film director (d. 2001)
- February 18 - Bill Cullen, American game show host (d. 1990)
- February 18 - Eddie Slovik, U.S. Army private (d. 1945)
- February 26 - Tony Randall, American actor (d. 2004)
- February 29 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (d. 1991)
- March 3 - James Doohan, Canadian-born actor (d. 2005)
- March 3 - Ronald Searle, British cartoonist
- March 10 - Boris Vian , French writer, poet, singer and musician
- March 11 - Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 14 - Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
- March 15 - Lawrence Sanders, American novelist (d. 1998)
- March 15 - E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- March 16 - Leo McKern, Australian actor (d. 2002)
- March 17 - Mujibur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
- March 19 - Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian poet and artist (d. 2002)
- March 20 - Pamela Harriman, English-born U.S. Ambassador to France (d. 1997)
- March 22 Werner Klemperer, German actor (d. 2000)
- March 25 - Patrick Troughton, British actor (d. 1987)
- March 25 - Arthur Wint, Jamaican runner (d. 1992)

April


- April 1 - Toshirô Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997)
- April 2 - Jack Webb, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1982)
- April 5 - Arthur Hailey, American writer
- April 6 - Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss-American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- April 7 - Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player
- April 11 - Peter O'Donnell, British cartoonist and writer
- April 15 - Thomas Stephen Szasz, Hungarian-born psychiatrist and writer
- April 13 - Liam Cosgrave, President of Ireland
- April 27 - Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
- April 29 - Harold Shapero, American composer

May


- May 2 - Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d. 2004)
- May 6 - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, first Prime Minister of Fiji and President of Fiji (d. 2004)
- May 9 - Richard Adams, English author
- May 18 - Pope John Paul II (d. 2005)
- May 18 - Lucia Mannucci, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)
- May 23 - Helen O'Connell, American singer (d. 1993)
- May 26 - Peggy Lee, American singer (d. 2002)
- May 28 - Gene Levitt, American television writer, producer, and director (d. 1999)
- May 29 - John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- May 30 - Franklin Schaffner, American film and television director (d. 1989)

June-July


- June 2 - Tex Schramm, American football team president and general manager (d. 2003)
- June 12 - Dave Berg, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
- June 12 - Jim Siedow, American actor (d. 2003)
- June 16 - José López Portillo, President of Mexico (d. 2004)
- June 17 - François Jacob, French biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- June 25 - Ozan Marsh, American pianist
- July 10 - David Brinkley, American television reporter (d. 2003)
- July 10 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 17 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish International Olympic Committee president
- July 21 - Isaac Stern, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 2001)
- July 24 - Bella Abzug, American politician (d. 1998)
- July 25 - Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer (d.1958)

August-December


- August 8 - Leo Chiosso, Italian poet
- August 16 - Charles Bukowski, American writer (d. 1994)
- August 18 - Bob Kennedy, baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
- August 21 - Christopher Robin Milne, English author and bookseller (d. 1996)
- August 22 - Ray Bradbury, American writer
- August 29 - Charlie Parker, American jazz saxophonist and composer (d. 1955)
- September 10 - Fabio Taglioni, Italian motorcycle engineer (d. 2001)
- September 14 - Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer
- September 14 - Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- September 22 - William H. Riker, American political scientist (d. 1993)
- September 29 - Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- October 1 - Charles Daudelin, Canadian sculptor (d. 2001)
- October 1 - Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
- October 6 - Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d. 2005)
- October 8 - Frank Herbert, American author (d. 1986)
- October 9 - Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
- October 15 - Mario Puzo, American author (d. 1999)
- October 29 - Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- October 31 - Fritz Walter, German football player (d. 2002)
- November 5 - Douglass North, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- November 21 - Stan Musial, baseball player
- November 23 - Paul Celan, Romanian-born poet (d. 1970)
- November 25 - Tuanku Syed Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail, King of Malaysia (d. 2000)
- November 25 - Ricardo Montalban, Mexican actor
- November 25 - Noel Neill, American actress
- November 27 - Abe Lenstra, Dutch football player (d. 1985)
- December 6 - Dave Brubeck, American jazz pianist and composer
- December 6 - George Porter, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
- December 9 - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of the Italian Republic
- December 24 - Evgeniya Rudneva, Russian World War II heroine (d. 1944)
- December 30 - Jack Lord, American actor (d. 1998)

Date unknown


- Patrick Campbell Rodger, Scottish Anglican bishop (d. 2002)

Deaths


- January 2 - Paul Adam, French writer (b. 1862)
- January 3 - Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (b. 1888)
- January 4 - Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish novelist (b. 1843)
- January 6 - Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen, Danish mathematician (b. 1839)
- January 7 - Edmund Barton, Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1849)
- January 18 - Giovanni Capurro, Italian poet (b. 1825)
- January 24 - William Percy French, Irish songwriter and entertainer (b. 1854)
- January 24 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (tuberculosis) (b. 1884)
- January 24 - William Plunket, 5th Baron Plunket, British diplomat and administrator (b. 1864)
- January 26 - Jeanne Hébuterne, French artist, model, and common-law wife of Amedeo Modigliani (suicide) (b. 1898)
- February 2 - Field E. Kindley, American World War I aviator (b. 1896)
- February 3 - Frank Brown, Governor of Maryland (b. 1846)
- February 6 - Augustus F. Goodridge, Canadian merchant and politician (b. 1839)
- February 7 - Aleksandr Kolchak, Russian naval commander (b. 1874)
- February 15 - Joseph Burton Sumner, founder of Sumner, Mississippi (b. 1837)
- February 20 - Joseph J. Fern, Mayor of Honolulu (b. 1872)
- February 20 - Robert Peary, American Arctic explorer (b. 1856)
- February 27 - William Sherman Jennings, Governor of Florida (b. 1863)
- March 1 - John H. Bankhead, U.S. Senator from Alabama (b. 1842)
- March 1 - William A. Stone, Governor of Pennsylvania (b. 1846)
- March 1 - Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist (b. 1880)
- March 4 - Roswell P. Bishop, U.S. Congressman from Michigan (b. 1843)
- March 11 - Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer (b. 1865)
- March 13 - Charles Lapworth, English geologist (b. 1842)
- March 26 - William Chester Minor, American surgeon (b. 1834)
- March 26 - Mary Augusta Ward, Tasmanian novelist (b. 1851)
- March 31 - Paul Bachmann, German mathematician (b. 1837)
- March 31 - Edwin Warfield, Governor of Maryland (b. 1848)
- April 8 - John Brashear, American astronomer (b. 1840)
- April 8 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (b. 1884)
- April 9 - Moritz Cantor, German historian of mathematics (b. 1829)
- April 21 - Maria L. Sanford, American educator (b. 1836)
- April 26 - Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician (b. 1887)
- May 1 - Princess Margaret of Connaught, Crown Princess of Sweden (b. 1882)
- May 9 - Agnes Macdonald, wife of John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1836
- May 11 - James Colosimo, Italian-born gangster (b. 1877)
- May 11 - William Dean Howells, American writer (b. 1837)
- May 16 - Levi P. Morton, Vice President of the United States (b. 1824)
- May 21 - Venustiano Carranza, President of Mexico (b. 1859)
- May 21 - Eleanor H. Porter, American novelist (b. 1868)
- May 23 - Svetozar Borojevic, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (b. 1856)
- May 30 - George Ernest Morrison, Australian adventurer (b. 1862)
- June 5 - Rhoda Broughton, Welsh writer (b. 1840)
- June 5 - Julia A. Moore, American poet (b. 1847)
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