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Jim White

Jim white

Jim White is a southern gothic Alternative Country singer/songwriter. He has released three albums as a solo artist. His music is based on Alternative Country, but veers off in different directions - there are occasional nods to Tom Waits; Victoria Williams sings on 'Angel-Land' from Wrong-Eyed Jesus; Morcheeba played on and produced much of No Such Place, and he is signed to David Byrne's Luaka Bop label. He has had a similar career to Chris Isaak; according to various sources, he has been a comedian, a model, a boxer, a preacher, a professional surfer and a New York cab driver. Searching for the Wrong-Eyed Jesus, is the name of a BBC-documentary in which Jim White explains his idea of the rural South. It also features performances by like-minded musicians such as The Handsome Family, David Eugene Edwards of 16 Horsepower and Johnny Dowd.

Discography

Albums

- Wrong-Eyed Jesus (Mysterious Tale of How I Shouted) (1997)
- No Such Place (2001)
- Drill a Hole in that Substrate and Tell Me What You See (2004)

DVD

- Searching for the Wrong-Eyed Jesus BBC, 2004

Similar Artists

- Calexico
- 16 Horsepower
- Woven Hand

External links

- [http://www.luakabop.com/jim_white/index.html Jim White's website at his label, Luaka Bop]
- [http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/features/jim-white.shtml www.bbc.co.uk] Interview with Jim White about the BBC documentary. White, Jim

Alternative country

Alternative Country is a term applied to various subgenres of country music. The term can refer to several ideas. Most generally, any musician who plays a type of country music different from the prevailing trend can be said to play "alternative country". By this standard, for example, the Bakersfield sound was alternative in the 1950s, and the Lubbock, Texas musicians were alternative in the 1960s. In the 1990s however, "alternative country" came to refer to a disparate group of musicians and singers operating outside the traditions and industry of mainstream country music. In general these musicians eschewed the high production values and conservative outlook of the Nashville-dominated industry, to produce music with a lo-fi sound, frequently informed with a strong punk and rock & roll aesthetic, bending the traditional rules of country music. Lyrics are often bleak, gothic or socially aware. Otherwise, the musical styles of artists that fall within this genre often have little in common, ranging from traditional American folk tunes and bluegrass, through rockabilly and honky-tonk, to music that is indistinguishable from mainstream rock or country. Indeed many alternative country artists come from punk and rock backgrounds. This already broad labelling has been further confused by alternative country artists disavowing the movement, mainstream artists declaring they are part of it, and the retroactive claiming of past or veteran musicians as alternative country. No Depression, the most well known magazine of the genre, declares that it covers "alternative-country music (whatever that is)". Despite this confusion, it is generally agreed that alternative country resulted from two opposed influences on country music. The first is traditional American folk music and styles, the music of working people, preserved and celebrated by practitioners such as Woody Guthrie, Hank Williams and The Carter Family. The second is country rock, the result of fusing country music with an aggressive rock & roll sound. The artist most commonly identified as the originator of country rock is Gram Parsons (who referred to his sound as "Cosmic American Music"), although Jason and the Scorchers and Steve Earle are frequently identified as important innovators. These two styles merged in Uncle Tupelo's 1990 LP No Depression, the first identifiably modern alternative country record. Alternative country is popularly referred to, especially in print, as "alt-country" or sometimes "alt.country". The genre is also referred to under a large number of other names, including "americana", "insurgent country", "no depression", "cowpunk", "progressive country", "regressive country", "lo-fi country", "roots rock", "twang core", "rural contemporary", "country-punk", "y'allternative", "hick rock" and many others.

Alternative country musicians

- Absolute Whores
- Ryan Adams
- Dave Alvin
- Be Good Tanyas
- The Beauty Shop
- Willie P. Bennett
- The Blacks
- Blackie and the Rodeo Kings
- Blood Oranges
- Blue Rodeo
- Bonnie 'Prince' Billy
- The Bottle Rockets
- Boxharp
- Cory Branan
- Ed Burleson
- Cletis Carr
- Neko Case
- Calexico
- The Cash Brothers
- Kasey Chambers
- Clothesline Revival
- Caitlin Cary
- The Coal Men
- Corndaddy
- The Sadies
- The Court and Spark
- Cracker
- Cross Canadian Ragweed
- Cowboy Junkies
- Damnations TX
- Desolation Angels
- Johnny Dowd
- Drunk Stuntmen
- Drive By Truckers
- Fred Eaglesmith
- Steve Earle
- Kathleen Edwards
- Eleven Hundred Springs
- Joe Ely
- Evangenitals
- The everybodyfields
- The Famous
- Farmer Not So John
- Geraldine Fibbers
- Rosie Flores
- Freakwater
- Robbie Fulks
- Jimmie Dale Gilmore
- Go to Blazes
- The Gourds
- Grievous Angels
- Patty Griffin
- Lys Guillorn
- The Handsome Family
- Butch Hancock
- The Hangdogs
- Hazeldine
- Hemingway Corner
- Iron & Wine
- Jason Boland and the Stragglers
- Joe Henry
- John Wayne Army
- The Jayhawks
- Kelly Hogan
- The Hogwaller Ramblers
- Robert Earl Keen
- Alison Krauss & Union Station
- Lambchop
- Jason and the (Nashville) Scorchers
- k.d. lang
- Lone Justice
- The Knitters
- The Long Ryders
- Lost Dakotas
- Lost Dogs
- Corb Lund
- Lucero
- Shelby Lynne
- Kate Maki
- Carolyn Mark
- Maria McKee
- James McMurtry
- Shannon McNally
- Linda McRae
- Minibar
- Allison Moorer
- My Morning Jacket
- The Mountain Goats
- Nickel Creek
- Nine Pound Hammer
- Nora O'Connor
- Mary Margaret O'Hara
- Oh Susanna
- Okkervil River
- Old 97's
- Old Crow Medicine Show
- Over the Rhine
- Will Oldham
- Palace Brothers
- Gram Parsons
- Pine Valley Cosmonauts
- The Red Dirt Rangers
- The Refreshments
- The Revenants
- Reckless Kelly
- Josh Ritter
- Matthew Ryan
- Big Sandy and His Fly Rite Boys
- Scroat Belly
- Scud Mountain Boys
- Shaver
- 16 Horsepower
- Slobberbone
- Smog
- Son Volt
- Souled American
- Stratochief
- Television Hill
- Uncle Tupelo
- Two Tons of Steel
- Townes Van Zandt
- Waco Brothers
- The Walkabouts
- Dale Watson
- The Weakerthans
- Gillian Welch
- Whiskeytown
- Jim White
- Lucinda Williams
- Wilco
- Luther Wright and the Wrongs
- The Yayhoos
- Dwight Yoakam
- Neil Young

References

- Alden, Grant; & Blackstock, Peter (1998). "No Depression: An Introduction to Alternative Country Music. Whatever That Is". Dowling Pr. ISBN 1891847007.
- Goodman, David (1999). "Modern Twang: An Alternative Country Music Guide and Directory". Dowling Pr. ISBN 1891847031.

External links

- [http://www.americana-uk.com Americana UK - world's biggest alt-country website]
- [http://www.slipcue.com/music/country/countrystyles/alt/A_01.html Joe Sixpack's alt.country music guide]
- [http://www.gumbopages.com/music/insurgent.html So what is insurgent country anyway?]
- [http://insurgentcountry.com/alt_country_defined_by_john_brandon.txt Alt.country defined]
- [http://www.nodepression.net No Depression - the journal of Alternative Country, a bimonthly magazine]

Internet Radio

- [http://www.twangcity.com Twang City - a broadband Internet radio station dedicated to Alternative Country and American Roots Music]
- [http://www.bootliquor.com Boot Liquor - Radio for Cowpokes, Cowhands, and Cow-Tippers]
-
- [http://www.live365.com/stations/t66tah MOXIE Radio - Internet radio for cowboys and hippies... Americana, Alt Country, Southern Rock, Country Rock, Outlaw Honky Tonk & Redneck Drinkin' Music] Category:Country music genres
- Alternative country

Tom Waits

Thomas Alan Waits (born December 7, 1949 in Pomona, California) is an American singer-songwriter, composer, and actor. Waits' gravelly voice is immediately recognizable, described by the MusicHound Rock Album Guide as sounding "like it was soaked in a vat of bourbon, left hanging in the smokehouse for a few months and then taken outside and run over with a car." With this trademark growl, as well as his experimental tendencies and a love of pre-rock Americana styles such as blues, jazz, and Vaudeville, Waits has built up a distinctive musical persona. Trouser Press called Waits "at once a throwback and a visionary."[http://www.trouserpress.com/entry.php?a=tom_waits] Lyrically, Waits' songs are known for atmospheric portrayals of bizarre, seedy characters and places, although he has also shown a penchant for more conventional ballads. He has a devoted cult following and has influenced subsequent songwriters, despite having little radio or music video support. His songs are best known to the general public in the form of cover versions by more visible artists, such as Eagles, Bruce Springsteen, and Rod Stewart. Although Waits' albums have met with mixed commercial success in his native United States, they have occasionally achieved gold album sales status in other countries. Waits has also worked as a composer for movies and musical plays and as a supporting actor in films, including Short Cuts, The Two Jakes, Mystery Men, Bram Stoker's Dracula and Coffee and Cigarettes. He also had a starring role in the film Down By Law.

Early Career

Born in Pomona, California to parents of Scottish, Irish, and Norwegian descent, Tom Waits began his recording career in 1971, after he relocated to Los Angeles and signed with Herb Cohen, who was also the manager of Frank Zappa. After numerous abortive recording sessions, Waits' first record, the melancholic, country-tinged Closing Time, was issued in 1973. While it received warm reviews, he did not gain widespread attention until his Ol' 55 was recorded by the Eagles in 1974. The Heart of Saturday Night showed Waits's roots as a nightclub singer, with half-spoken and half-crooned ballads, often accompanied with a jazz background. The 1975 album Nighthawks at the Diner, recorded in a studio with a small audience to capture the ambiance of a live show, captures this phase of his career, including the lengthy spoken interludes between songs that punctuated his live act. Regarding his music of this era, Waits reported that "I wasn't thrilled by Blue Cheer, so I found an alternative, even if it was Bing Crosby."[http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/Quotes/influences.htm] Small Change (1976) (featuring famed drummer Shelly Manne) was more jazz influenced, and songs such as The Piano Has Been Drinking and Bad Liver and a Broken Heart cemented Waits' hard-living reputation, with a lyrical style that owed influence to Raymond Chandler and Charles Bukowski. Foreign Affairs (1977) and Blue Valentine (1978) were in a similar vein, but showed further refinement of his artistic voice. It was around this time that Waits had a famous romantic relationship with Rickie Lee Jones. 1980 saw the release of Heartattack and Vine. Though not entirely unprecedented, the album's gritty rhythm and blues sound was different for Waits, and foreshadowed the major changes in his music that would follow several years later. The same year, he began a long working relationship with Francis Ford Coppola, who asked Waits to provide music for his film One From The Heart. Waits worked with singer/songwriter Crystal Gayle as his vocal foil for the album. Waits began his acting career with his appearance in Sylvester Stallone's 1978 film Paradise Alley and later appeared in Coppola's The Outsiders. He starred in Jim Jarmusch's Down By Law in 1987, and has played supporting roles in the films Rumble Fish, The Cotton Club, Coffee and Cigarettes (as himself) and Dracula (as Dracula's insane slave Renfield). In August 1980, Waits married Kathleen Brennan, whom he had met on the set of One from the Heart. Brennan is regularly credited as co-author of many songs on his later albums, and Waits often cites her as a major influence on his work. She introduced him to the music of Captain Beefheart, which Waits later described as a paradigm shift in his musical development. Waits now lives in Sebastopol, California with his wife and children.

1980s

After leaving Asylum Records for Island Records, Waits released Swordfishtrombones in 1983, a record which marked a sharp turn in Waits's output, and which cemented his reputation as a visionary who remained steadfastly outside the mainstream. In many ways, Waits had carved out his own musical genre. Apart from Captain Beefheart and some of Dr. John's early output, there was little precedent in popular music for Swordfishtrombones or equally idiosyncratic albums, Rain Dogs (1985) and Frank's Wild Years (1987). Waits had earlier played either piano or guitar, but he began tiring of these instruments, saying, "Your hands are like dogs, going to the same places they've been. You have to be careful when playing is no longer in the mind but in the fingers, going to happy places. You have to break them of their habits or you don't explore, you only play what is confident and pleasing. I'm learning to break those habits by playing instruments I know absolutely nothing about, like a bassoon or a waterphone." [http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/Instruments/contrabassoon.htm] The instrumentation and orchestration in his later albums were often quite eclectic.[http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/Menus/instruments-frameset.htm] Waits's self-described "Junkyard Orchestra" included wheezing pump organs, clattering percussion (sometimes reminiscent of the music of Harry Partch), bleary horn sections (often featuring Ralph Carney, and taking their cues from brass bands or soul music), nearly atonal guitar (perhaps best typified by Marc Ribot's contributions) and obsolete instruments. Waits is particularly fond of a damaged chamberlin; recent albums have featured the little-used stroh violin. Along with a new instrumental approach, Waits gradually altered his singing style to sound less like the late-night crooner of the 70s, instead adopting a number of techniques: a gravelly sound reminiscent of Howlin' Wolf and Captain Beefheart, a booming, feral bark, or a strained, nearly shrieking falsetto Waits jokingly describes as his Prince voice. Tom Moon describes Waits's voice as a "broad-spectrum assault weapon".[http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/Interviews/04-oct-harpmagazine.html] His songwriting shifted as well, becoming somewhat more abstract and embracing a number of styles largely ignored in pop music, including primal blues, cabaret stylings, rhumbas, theatrical approaches in the style of Kurt Weill, tangos, early country music, European folk music and Tin Pan Alley-era songs. He undertook a few nearly-spoken word pieces influenced by Ken Nordine's "word jazz" records of the 1950s. All of these different techniques are filtered through Waits' unique lens, however, and so rarely seem like a pastiche. Swordfishtrombones, Rain Dogs and Frank's Wild Years were a trilogy of loose concept albums, following the sailor Frank O'Brien as he leaves the familiar comfort of home, sees the world, and returns. The last of these albums was also adapted as an off-Broadway musical, which Waits co-wrote with Brennan. This was the first of several theatre collaborations Waits would undertake. With his wife, Waits also wrote and performed in Big Time, a surreal concert movie and soundtrack released in 1988.

1990s

Waits appeared on Primus' 1991 album, Sailing the Seas of Cheese as the voice of "Tommy the Cat", which exposed him to a new audience in alternative rock. This was the first of several collaborations between Waits and the group; Les Claypool (Primus' singer, songwriter and bassist) would appear on several subsequent Waits releases. In 1991 Waits also had a featured role in the film At Play In The Fields Of The Lord. Bone Machine was released in 1992. The stark record featured a great deal of percussion and guitar (with little piano or sax), marking another change in Waits's sound. Critic Steve Huey calls it "perhaps Tom Waits' most cohesive album ... a morbid, sinister nightmare, one that applied the quirks of his experimental '80s classics to stunningly evocative -- and often harrowing -- effect ... Waits' most affecting and powerful recording, even if it isn't his most accessible."[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:xsyvad1kv8w6] Bone Machine was awarded a Grammy, and the Ramones later recorded a version of the album's memorable single, "I Don't Wanna Grow Up." The Pixies had earlier written a song called "Bone Machine" (from Surfer Rosa), though it's unclear it Waits borrowed the term from them, or invented it independetly. Waits wrote and conducted the music for Jim Jarmusch's 1993 film Night on Earth, which was released as an album. The Black Rider is the result of a theatrical collaboration between Waits, director Robert Wilson and writer William S. Burroughs. Mule Variations was issued in 1999, and also won a Grammy. It was Waits' first release for Anti Records, and his first to feature a turntablist, though, predictably, the instrument is used in an offbeat manner.

2000s

Singer John Hammond's Wicked Grin was issued in 2001. Hammond and Waits are close friends, and the album is a collection of cover songs, originally written by Waits, who appears on most songs (playing guitar, piano or offering backing vocals). There is also the traditional "I Know I've Been Changed", which Hammond and Waits perform duet-style. 2001 also saw the release of trumpeter Dave Douglas's Witness. Waits features on the 25-minute Mahfouz, reading an excerpt from a work by Egyptian writer Naguib Mahfouz. In 2002, Waits simultaneously released two albums, Alice and Blood Money. Both were the fruits of theatrical collaborations with Wilson. The former was originally intended as a musical play about Lewis Carroll, and the latter was an interpretation of Georg Büchner's unfinished Woyzeck. The two albums revisit the tango, Tin Pan Alley, and spoken word influences of Swordfishtrombones, while the lyrics are both profoundly cynical and melancholy, as the titles Misery is the River of the World and No One Knows I'm Gone make clear. Real Gone was released in 2004. While more refined than Bone Machine and perhaps more commercially viable than Alice or Blood Money, its sound is mostly rough and experimental, and his only album (thus far) completely lacking in piano. Waits beatboxes on the opening track, Top of the Hill, and most of the album's songs began as Waits' tape-recorded "vocal percusion" improvisations. It is also more rock-oriented, with less blues influence. In a first for Waits, he offers an explicitly political song: the album-closing The Day After Tomorrow takes on the persona of a soldier writing home that he is disillusioned with the war and is thankful to be leaving. The song doesn't mention the Iraq war, and, as Moon writes, "it could be the voice of a Civil War soldier singing a lonesome late-night dirge." Waits does describe the song as an "elliptical" protest song about the Iraqi invasion, however. Thom Jurek describes The Day After Tomorrow as "one of the most insightful and understated antiwar songs to have been written in decades. It contains not a hint of banality or sentiment in its folksy articulation."[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&token=ADFEAEE57F1CDE4EA47E20C7803E57C1B666F5588F63FD831F29461BDFBA3C548A0579F248E2868FFDFB75AB7CB0FD2EA45F43D2CBE453FCD666342DED93&uid=MIW020510052350&sql=10:z7d5vwnwa9uk~T1]. The second song, Hoist That Rag has clear anti-war overtones.

Lawsuits

Waits has steadfastly refused to allow the use of his songs in commercials and has criticized other artists who do. ("If Michael Jackson wants to work for Pepsi, why doesn't he just get himself a suit and an office in their headquarters and be done with it.") He has filed several lawsuits against advertisers who used his material without permission. This may be part of a wariness regarding large corporations. Waits has often switched to smaller independent record companies over the years: he signed to Asylum Records before they were bought out by Elektra Records and Warner Bros.. During his time with Island Records, that label expanded from a small company to a music industry giant; he then signed to Anti Records, a division of Epitaph Records. Waits' first lawsuit was filed in 1988 against Frito Lay, and resulted in a US$2.6 million judgement in his favor. Frito Lay had approached Waits to use one of his songs in an advertisement. Waits declined the offer, and Frito Lay hired a Waits soundalike to sing a jingle similar to Small Changes "Step Right Up", which is, ironically, a song Waits has called "an indictment of advertising." [http://www.joe.trussell.com/waits/frito_lay.html] ("Step Right Up" concludes with the lyric "The large print giveth, and the small print taketh away"). Waits won the lawsuit, becoming the first celebrity to succesfully sue a company for using an impersonator without permission. In 1993, Levi's used Screamin' Jay Hawkins's version of Waits' Heartattack and Vine in a commercial. Waits sued, and Levi's agreed to cease all use of the song, and offered a full page apology in Billboard Magazine. [http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/Copyright/copyrightwaitslevis.htm] In 2000, Waits found himself in a situation similar to his earlier one with Frito-Lay: Audi approached him, asking to use Innocent When You Dream (from Frank's Wild Years) for a commercial broadcast in Spain. Waits declined, but the commercial ultimately featured music very similar to that song. Waits undertook legal action, and a Spanish court recognized there had been a violation of Waits's moral rights, in addition to the infringement of copyright [http://www.anti.com/news.php?newsid=86715]. The production company, Tandem Campany Guasch, was ordered to pay compensation to Waits through his Spanish publisher. In 2005, Waits sued Adam Opel AG, claiming that, after having failed to sign him to sing in their Scandinavian commercials, they had hired a sound-alike singer.
The Sons of Lee Marvin
Tom Waits has claimed on several occasions to be a member of the secret society, "The Sons of Lee Marvin", a group founded by Jarmusch in which all members bear a physical resemblance to actor Lee Marvin.
Discography

Major releases

Collections

- 1983 Anthology of Tom Waits (Elektra)
- 1991 The Early Years, Volume One
- 1993 The Early Years, Volume Two
- 1998 Beautiful Maladies: The Island Years
Contributions

- 1991 Sailing the Seas of Cheese, by Primus: Waits does character vocals on Tommy The Cat
- 1992 Beautiful Mess, by Thelonious Monster: Waits appears as a guest singer on Adios Lounge
- 1993 Jesus Blood Never Failed Me Yet, by Gavin Bryars: Waits appears as guest singer
- 1997 All for Nothing/Nothing for All, by The Replacements: Waits appears as guest singer on Date to Church
- 1999 Antipop, by Primus: Waits produces the song Coattails of a Deadman and does vocals on it
- 1999 More Oar: A Tribute To Skip Spence by various artists: Waits covers Spence's "Books of Moses"
- 2000 Helium, by Tin Hat Trio: Waits appears as guest singer on Helium Reprise
- 2001 It's A Wonderful Life, by Sparklehorse: Waits does vocals on "Dog Door"
- 2002 For the Kids by various artists: Waits performs the lullaby "Bring Down the Branches"
- 2003 We're a Happy Family: A Tribute to the Ramones by various artists: Waits covers "Return of Jackie and Judy"
- 2004 The Ride by Los Lobos: Waits does vocals on the track "Kitate"
- 2004 The Late Great Daniel Johnston by various artists: Waits covers Johnston's "King Kong"
- 2005 Blinking Lights and other Revelations by Eels: Waits screams on the track "Going Fetal"
Tribute albums

- 1995 Temptation, Holly Cole
- 1995 Step Right Up, various artists
- 2000 New Coat of Paint, various artists
- 2001 Wicked Grin, John Hammond
- 2003 Greetings from HELL - The Tom Waits Songbook, Hell Blues Choir
- 2004 Step Right Up: The Songs of Tom Waits, various artists
Filmography

- 1978 Movie debut as 'Mumbles' in Paradise Alley.
- 1980 Worked with Francis Ford Coppola on the soundtrack to One From The Heart.
- 1982 Soundtrack of One From The Heart. Nominated for an Academy Award for best original score.
- Played petrified man in carnival in The Stone Boy.
- 1983 Played Buck Merrill in The Outsiders.
- Played Bennie the pool hall owner in Rumble Fish.
- 1984 Played Irving Stark in The Cotton Club.
- Soundtrack to [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0088196/ Streetwise] a documentary about street kids on Pike St. in Seattle.
- 1986 Starred as Zack in Down by Law.
- 1987 Played Rudy The Kraut in Ironweed.
- Played Al Silk in Candy Mountain.
- 1989 Played the 'Punch & Judy Man' in Bearskin: An Urban Fairytale.
- Starred as Kenny the Hitman in Cold Feet.
- Voice of the radio DJ in Mystery Train. Composer on Sea of Love
- 1990 Played a plainclothes policeman in The Two Jakes.
- 1991 Played Wolf in At Play in the Fields of the Lord.
- Played a disabled Veteran beggar in The Fisher King.
- Wrote the score of Night on Earth (With Kathleen Brennan).
- Played Monte in Queens Logic.
- 1992 Composer (With Kathleen Brennan) on American Heart.
- Played R.M. Renfield in Bram Stoker's Dracula.
- Played Earl Piggott in Short Cuts.
- Appeared as himself in the IFC TV series Fishing with John.
- 1996 Composer on soundtrack of Dead Man Walking.
- Composer on soundtrack of The End of Violence.
- 'Cold Cold Ground' and 'Temptation' appeared on the soundtrack to Leolo.
- 1999 Mystery Men -- played an inventor who specialized in non-lethal weapons.
- 2001 Composer on soundtrack of Big Bad Love.
- 2003 Appeared in conversation with Iggy Pop in Coffee and Cigarettes: Somewhere In California (filmed in 1993).
- 2004 Composer (with Kathleen Brennan) on soundtrack of Shrek 2. Also appears, in a shared role with Nick Cave, as an animated piano-playing pirate singing "A Little Drop Of Poison".
- 2005 Played the Wanderer in Domino
- 2005 Contributed song "Soldier's Things" to soundtrack of film Jarhead.
- 2006 Played Raphael Kneller in Wristcutters
Tours

- 1973 Closing Time touring
- 1974-1975 The Heart Of Saturday Night touring
- 1975-1976 Small Change touring
- 1977 Foreign Affairs touring
- 1978-1979 Blue Valentine touring
- 1980-1982 Heartattack and Vine touring
- 1985 Rain Dogs touring
- 1987 Big Time touring
- 1999 Get Behind The Mule Tour
- 2004 Real Gone Tour
See also:

- Kazik Staszewski, Polish artist extensively covering Waits
- Holly Cole, Canadian artist covering Waits' songs in jazz style
- [http://www.billysband.ru Billy's band], Russian band covering Waits' songs
- [http://boxspringhogs.com/ BoxSpringHogs] - The Box Spring Hogs are a Tom Waits tribute band residing in Austin, Texas.
External links:

- [http://www.officialtomwaits.com/ Official Site]
- [http://www.contactmusic.com/new/xmlfeed.nsf/mndwebpages/waits%20hasn.t%20had%20fun%20since%201962 Waits hasn't had fun since 1962]
- [http://www.soundtrackinfo.com/search.asp?q=Tom+Waits&pos=2 Tom Waits @ the SoundtrackINFO project]
- [http://tomwaits.radicalwacko.com/ Tom Waits for No Man] - a fan blog
- [http://eyeballkid.blogspot.com/ The Eyeball Kid] - a fan blog
- [http://www.tomwaitsfan.com/ Tom Waits Fan.com] - a Tom Waits informational site. Also houses active forums.
- [http://www.keeslau.com/TomWaitsSupplement/ Tom Waits Supplement] - a compendium of information about Tom Waits and his works
- [http://www.livejournal.com/community/_tom_waits/ Tom Waits Fanatics] - a Live Journal fan club Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom Waits, Tom

Morcheeba

"Wonders Never Cease"]] Morcheeba is a British band that mixes influences from trip hop, rhythm and blues and pop. They were formed in the mid-1990s and consist of Paul Godfrey (DJ), Ross Godfrey on guitar and keyboards with Daisy Martey as the primary vocalist fronting the band. Martey (formerly of the band Noonday Underground), who joined the band in 2005, is the successor of Skye Edwards (now pursuing a solo career) as the main vocalist of the band. However, as Skye Edwards and her voice had become a very integral part of the Morcheeba sound in the minds of many of the band's fans, the rather abrupt switch to a new lead singer has met with mixed reactions, including criticisms that the "new" Morcheeba is no longer as electrifying in person. Perhaps because of this, the Godfrey brothers have very recently replaced Daisy with yet another singer - Jody Sternberg - for their live performances. Current speculation is that Daisy has been dropped completely as lead singer with the band taking on a direction akin to that of Zero 7, another electronica group that relies not on any single lead person but a rotating and ostensibly more flexible assortment of vocalists.

Discography

Albums

- Who Can You Trust? (1996)
- Big Calm (1998) #18 UK
- La Boule Noire (1998) (live)
- Fragments of Freedom (2000) #6 UK
- Back To Mine (2001)
- Charango (2002) #7 UK
- Parts of the Process (The Very Best Of Morcheeba) (2003) #6 UK
- The Antidote (2005) #17 UK
- The Platinum Collection (2005)

Singles

From "Who Can You Trust?"
- "Trigger Hippie" 1996 #40 UK
- "Never An Easy Way" 1996
- "Tape Loop" 1996
- "The Music That We Hear" (Moog Island) 1997 From "Big Calm"
- "Shoulder Holster" 1997
- "The Sea" 1998
- "Blindfold" 1998
- "Let Me See" 1998
- " Part Of The Process" 1998 #38 UK
- "Summertime" 1998 From "Fragments Of Freedom"
- "Rome Wasn't Built In A Day" 2000 #34 UK
- "Be Yourself" 2000
- "World Looking In" 2001 From "Charango"
- "Otherwise" 2002
- "Way Beyond" 2002
- "Undress Me Now" 2002 From "Parts Of The Process"
- "What's Your Name?" 2003 From "The Antidote"
- "Wonders Never Cease" 2005
- "Lighten Up" 2005
- "Everybody Loves A Loser" 2005

External links

- [http://www.morcheeba.co.uk/ Official website]
- [http://www.morcheeba.net Morcheeba.net] Category:Trip hop groups Category:British musical groups Category:1990s music groups

David Byrne

David Byrne may be:
- David Byrne (politician) (born 1947), Irish & European official
- David Byrne (musician) (born 1952), Scottish musician

Chris Isaak

Chris Isaak (born Christopher Joseph Isaak June 26, 1956 in Stockton, California) is an American indie rock, pop, and rock and roll singer, songwriter, and occasional actor. Isaak's music can be described as a blend of country, blues, rock and roll, pop and surf rock. He signed a contract to Warner Brothers Records in 1984 for his first album Silvertone. Isaak's contract was renewed in 1988 when Warner Brothers moved him to their Reprise Records label. Reprise Records His best-known song is "Wicked Game". Though released on the 1989 album Heart Shaped World, an instrumental version of the song was later featured in the David Lynch film Wild at Heart (and also years later in the 2000 film The Family Man). An Atlanta radio station DJ began playing the full version and it quickly became a nation-wide top ten hit. The music video for the song was directed by Herb Ritts and was a big MTV and VH1 hit; shot in black and white, it starred Isaak and model Helena Christensen rolling on the beach, embracing and whispering in each others' ears. In 1999, Isaak's "Baby Did A Bad, Bad Thing" was featured in Stanley Kubrick's final film, Eyes Wide Shut, starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman. In 2001, Chris Isaak starred in his own television show, The Chris Isaak Show. It aired from March 2001 to March 2004 in the United States on the cable television network Showtime. The show featured Chris Isaak and his band playing themselves with the episode plots based on fictional accounts of the backstage world of Chris Isaak - the rock star next door. Isaak has also appeared in numerous films, mostly playing minor cameo roles, though he starred with Keanu Reeves and Bridget Fonda in the 1993 Bernardo Bertolucci-directed Little Buddha. Other motion pictures include Married to the Mob (1988), The Silence of the Lambs (1991), Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992), That Thing You Do! (1996), and A Dirty Shame (2004). He also guest-starred on the Superbowl Sunday (1996) edition of the television sitcom Friends and on the HBO miniseries, From the Earth to the Moon. Issak is said to be far more down to earth than many of his musical contemporaries. For instance, after a show, he will often meet his fans out in the foyers.

Discography

- Silvertone (1985); debut
- Chris Isaak (1987)
- Heart Shaped World (1989)
- Wicked Game (1990)
- San Francisco Days (1993)
- Forever Blue (1995)
- Baja Sessions (1996)
- Speak of the Devil (1998)
- Always Got Tonight (2001)
- Christmas (2004) Isaak also composed the theme song for The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. Isaak's longtime producer, Erik Jacobsen, was instrumental in his sound for 15 years. Jacobsen is known for his production work with The Lovin' Spoonful, and solo albums from Spoonful's John Sebastian and Jerry Yester. Isaak ceased working with Jacobsen on his 2001 album, Always Got Tonight.

Singles

External links

- [http://www.repriserec.com/chrisisaak/ Official site of Chris Isaak]
- [http://www.sortmusic.com/_c/chris-isaak.html Aditional Chris Isaak Information at sortmusic.com]
- [http://www.azlyrics.com/i/isaak.html The Chris Isaak Lyrics from AZLyrics.com]
- [http://www.tvtome.com/tvtome/servlet/ShowMainServlet/showid-2107 The Chris Isaak Show Information from tvtome.com]
-
- [http://www.lyricsdir.com/chris-isaak-lyrics.html Chris Isaak Lyrics]
- [http://mapage.noos.fr/chrisisaak All about Chris Isaak]
- [http://www.paulcollinsbeat.com Paul Collins recorded an album with the members of Chris Isaak's Silvertone] Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris Isaak, Chris

16 Horsepower

16 Horsepower were an alternative/traditional musical group based in Denver, Colorado. They combined numerous influences, including Appalacian folk melodies, gospel, bluegrass, and European folk. Their sound has been described as "gothabilly", although later recordings incorporated Southern Rock elements as well as the aforementioned styles. They consisted of David Eugene Edwards, Yves Tola, and Pascal Humbert. After releasing 4 studio albums and touring extensively, the band broke up in 2005. Edwards' Grandfather was a Nazarene preacher and young Edwards often went along as his elder preached the Gospel to various peoples. This experienced coloured his approach to songwriting as well as the instumentation employed to develop the band's unique sound. One instrument that was paramount during the nascent days of 16 Horsepower was the Chemnitzer concertina. It was erroneously credited as a bandoneon (a closely-related instrument) on Sackloth 'n' Ashes. The antique instrument used on the early tours and recordings was falling apart and quite cumbersome to tour with; some time before the sessions for Low Estate, it was replaced with the more modern American-made Patek brand instrument shown in the photo. Tola added a French heritage with a rich tradition that was drawn from on various tracks. It has been quite difficult for critics to assess 16 Horsepower due to the wide range of sounds they were able to produce during their brief career. Edwards began his musical career in a Denver-based band called The Denver Gentlemen. Since the disbanding of Sixteen Horsepower, Edwards has been recording and touring with Woven Hand

Discography

Albums

- 16 Horsepower EP (CD/vinyl - 1995)
- Sackcloth 'n' Ashes (CD - 1996)
- Low Estate (CD - 1997)
- Secret South (CD/vinyl - 2000)
- Hoarse (CD - 2000)
- Folklore (CD/vinyl - 2002)
- Olden (CD/vinyl - 2003)

Singles

- Shametown (vinyl 7" - 1994)
- Black Soul Choir (CD - 1996)
- Haw (vinyl - 1996)
- For Heaven's Sake (CD - 1997)
- Coal Black Horses (CD - 1997)
- The Partisan (CD - 1998)
- Clogger (CD - 2000)
- Splinters (CD - 2001)

Video

- Black Soul Choir and Haw (1995)
- 16HP (2005)

External links

- [http://www.16horsepower.net/ Official site] Category:Alternative country

Calexico

: For the city, see Calexico, California. Calexico is an indie rock band known for playing an eclectic variety of music. Its two main members are Joey Burns and John Convertino, who first played together in Los Angeles as part of the group Giant Sand. They have recorded a number of albums on Quarterstick Records, while their 2005 album In the Reins recorded with Iron & Wine has reached the Billboard 200 album charts. Their musical style is highly influenced by traditional sounds of the Southwestern United States and of Mexico and they also have been described as alternative country. Calexico is named after the border city in Southern California, even though they're based in Tucson, Arizona.

Early History

Calexico had its origins in 1990 when Burns, who was studying music at the University of California, Irvine, met up with Convertino, who was playing drums with Howe Gelb in Giant Sand. Burns joined them, after first playing upright bass on a European tour. Giant Sand moved to Tucson, Arizona in 1994. John and Joey formed the Friends of Dean Martin (later the Friends of Dean Martinez) which scored a record deal with Sub Pop. However, the pair split up with Bill Elm, the co-founder of The Friends of Dean Martinez in 1996. The band subsequently became a kind of indie rhythm section for hire, working with the likes of Victoria Williams, Barbara Manning and Richard Buckner before forming Calexico.

Recorded History 1996-

Calexico first recorded Spoke in 1996 for German independent label Hausmusik with a limited edition of 2,000 copies. At that point the band was still called Spoke and the album was technically self-titled. After the band signed with Quarterstick Records (a subsidiary of Touch and Go Records) and changed their name to Calexico, Spoke was reissued by that label in 1997. Their second album The Black Light was released in 1998. This album was a concept album about the desert of Arizona and northern Mexico and received excellent reviews with the critic from the Wall Street Journal rating it as one of the best records of the year. The band also built their profile by touring as support acts for bands such as Pavement, the Dirty Three and Lambchop. Calexico has also regularly played festivals such as the Bonnaroo Music Festival, the Hurricane Festival and All Tomorrow's Parties. The Road Map album was a limited recording released in 1999 for sale only at Calexico's live shows. Calexico released its third album Hot Rail in May 2000 featuring the addition of horns and violin to their sound. The duo was busy in 2000 as they also appeared on a Giant Sand record called Chore of Enchantment as well as a tour only record Travelall. At the end of 2000, Calexico joined with two French friends Naïm Amor and Thomas Belhorn to record Tete a Tete for release at the beginning of 2001. The band released two collections of rarities during 2001. Even My Sure Things Fall Through collected outtakes from previous albums, B-sides, remixes and material previously unreleased in the US. The album also featured Mariachi Luz de Luna who frequently played live with the duo. The Aerocalexico album was sold exclusively at their gigs in 2001. The Scraping live album was released in 2001. Their next studio recording Feast of Wire was released in 2003 and made the charts for the first time appearing on Billboard's Heatseekers and Independent album chart. They made their first video for "Quattro (World Drifts In)" which was a single from Feast of Wire. They released a live DVD in 2004 called World Drifts In: Live at the Barbican. In 2005, Calexico joined up with Miami folk band Iron & Wine. Howard Greynolds of Overcoat Records was responsible for bringing the two bands together having previously been responsible for Tortoise and Will Oldham recording together. The In the Reins EP was released in September 2005 and received a positive reception with an MSNBC review describing it as "best CD of the year". (1) It also made an appearance in the Billboard 200 album charts becoming its first album to make the album charts and #12 on the independent charts. In October 2005, they commenced a US tour with Iron & Wine to promote the record. Calexico has announced plans in the future to work with Ric Ocasek, formerly of The Cars.
Band Membership
The current membership of Calexico as at October 2005 is:
- Joey Burns (guitar and vocals);
- John Convertino (drums and percussion);
- Paul Niehaus (steel guitar);
- Jacob Valenzuela (keyboards, trumpet and vibes)
- Martin Wenk (accordion, guitar, synthesizers, trumpet, vibes); and
- Volker Zander (standup bass).
Discography

Albums

- 1997 Spoke
- 1998 The Black Light
- 1999 Road Map
- 2000 Hot Rail
- 2000 Travelall
- 2001 Tete a Tete
- 2001 Even My Sure Things Fall Through
- 2001 Aerocalexico
- 2002 Scraping
- 2003 Feast of Wire
- 2005 In the Reins EP, with Iron and Wine
DVD

- 2004 World Drifts In: Live at the Barbican
Chart positions

- Feast of Wire 2003 #23 Independent Album Charts #45 Heatseekers
- In the Reins 2005 #135 Billboard 200, #12 Independent Albums
References

- [http://www.casadecalexico.com/ Casa de Calexico -- official pages]
- [http://www.egroups.com/group/casadecalexico Fans discussion group]
- [http://www.musicomh.com/microsites/calexico musicOMH.com pages on Calexico]
- [http://www.calexicana.co.uk Calexicana - Unofficial sound and vision archive]
- [http://www.volubilis.net/festivals/vieillescharrues2003/dimanche/calexico_01.php Calexico Concert Pictures]
- [http://www.billions.com/artists/calexico/ Calexico information page]
- [http://www.mtv.com/bands/az/calexico/artist.jhtml MTV Calexico artist page]
- [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&token=ADFEAEE4781ED947A57520EFB71670E1FA5CDE2DFE62D9BA5007656392940454880C71ED59E695CCB1E574B066ADFF2EA1160ED2C0EA54F6DE622D5DF0&uid=MIW040510142147&sql=11:o4o20r4at48n~T5 Calexico Allmusic.com article]
- [http://msnbc.msn.com/id/9601216/ "One more gift from two great bands" MSNBC article on collaboration between Calexico and Iron & Wine]
- "Calexico." Contemporary Musicians, Volume 33. Gale Group, 2002. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Thomson Gale. 2005.
Footnotes
(1) MSNBC article Op. Cit. Category:American musical groups Category:Alternative country

16 Horsepower

Discography

Albums

Singles

Video

- Black Soul Choir and Haw (1995)
- 16HP (2005)

External links

- [http://www.16horsepower.net/ Official site] Category:Alternative country

אמריקה המרכזית

אמריקה המרכזית או אמריקה התיכונה הוא שמה של רצועה גאוגרפית צרה בדרומה של אמריקה הצפונית אשר מחוברת לאמריקה הדרומית. היא גובלת בצפון עם מכסיקו, במערב עם האוקיינוס השקט, בדרום עם קולומביה ובמזרח עם הים הקריבי. שטחה של אמריקה המרכזית הוא כ-540,000 קמ"ר, רוחבה (מרחק חוף האוקיינוס השקט והאוקיינוס האטלנטי אחד מן השני) משתנה בין 540 ק"מ לבין 50 ק"מ. בנוסף, בעבר, במאה ה-19 הייתה קיימת אומת אמריקה המרכזית, שהייתה מעין איחוד של המדינות במרכז אמריקה (כמו האיחוד האירופי). האומה כללה את המדינות גוואטמלה, הונדורס, אל סלבאדור, ניקראגווה וקוסטה ריקה. לעיתים מכנים איחוד זה בשם ארצות הברית של מרכז אמריקה. מבחינה תרבותית היא שייכת לאמריקה הלטינית והלשון המדוברת בה היא ספרדית. האקלים הוא טרופי לח.

מדינות אמריקה המרכזית

המדינות הכלולות באמריקה התיכונה הן:
- גואטמלה
- הונדורס
- פנמה
- קוסטה ריקה
- בליז
- אל סלוודור
- ניקרגואה קטגוריה:יבשות קטגוריה:אמריקה ja:中央アメリカ simple:Central America zh-min-nan:Tiong Bí-chiu

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