Most Serbian surnames have the surname suffix -ić (IPA: /itj/, Cyrillic: -ић). This is often transcribed as -ic. In history, Serbian names have often been transcribed with a phonetic ending, -ich or -itch. This form is often associated with Serbs from before the early 20th century: hence Milutin Milanković is usually referred to, for historical reasons, as Milutin Milankovitch.
The -ić suffix is a Slavicdiminutive, originally functioning to create patronymics. Thus the surname Petrić signifies little Petar, as does, for example, a common prefix Mac ("son of") in Scottish and Fitz in Irish names. It is estimated that some two thirds of all Serbian surnames end in -ić but that some 80% of Serbs carry such a surname with many common names being spread out among tens and even hundreds of non-related extended families.
Other common surname suffixes are -ov or -in which is the Slavic possessive case suffix, thus Nikola's son becomes Nikolin, Petar's son Petrov, and Jovan's son Jovanov. The two suffixes are often combined.
The most common surnames are Nikolić, Petrović, Jovanović.
Religion
The Serbian identity is based on Orthodox Christianity and on the Serbian Orthodox Church, to the extent that some Serb nationalists claim that those who are not its faithful are not Serbs. This is wrong: conversion of the south Slavs from paganism to Christianity took place before the Great Schism, the split between the Greek East and the Catholic West. After the Schism, those who lived under the Orthodox sphere of influence became Orthodox and those who lived under the Catholic sphere of influence became Catholic. Some ethnologists consider that the distinct Serb and Croatian identities relate to religion rather than ethnicity. With the arrival of the Ottoman Empire, some Serbs and Croats converted to Islam. This was particularly — but not wholly — so in Bosnia.
The best known Catholic Serb is Ivo Andrić and the best known Muslim Serb is probably either Mehmed Paša Sokolović or Meša Selimović.
Symbols
The Serbian flag is a red-blue-white tricolour. It is often combined with one or both of the other Serb symbols.
- The white two-headed eagle was the coat of arms of the House of Nemanjić.
- The Serbian cross. If displayed on a field, traditionally it is on red field, but could be used with no field at all.
Both the eagle and the cross, besides being the basis for various Serbian coats of arms through history, are bases for the symbols of various Serbian organisations, political parties, institutions and companies. The cross, being easy to draw, is often spraypainted, carrying an obvious political signature.
Serbian folk attire varies, mostly because of the very diverse geography and climate of the territory inhabited by the Serbs. Some parts of it are, however, common:
- A traditional shoe that is called the opanak. It is recognisable by its distinctive tips that spiral backward. Each region of Serbia has a different kind of tips.
- A traditional hat that is called the šajkača. It is easily recognisable by its top part that looks like the letter V or like the bottom of a boat (viewed from above), after which it got its name. It gained wide popularity in the early 20th century as it was the hat of the Serbian army in the First World War. It is still worn everyday by some villagers today, and it was a common item of headgear among Bosnian Serb military commanders during the Bosnian War in the 1990s.
Customs
1990s
The Serbs are a highly family-oriented society. A peek into a Serbian dictionary and the richness of their terminology related to kinship speaks volumes.
Of all Slavs and Orthodox Christians, only Serbs have the custom of slava. The custom could also be found among some Russians and Albanians of Serbian origin although it has often been lost in the last century. Slava is celebration of a saint; unlike most customs that are common for the whole people, each family separately celebrates its own saint (of course, there is a lot of overlap) who is considered its protector. A slava is inherited from father to son and each household may only have one celebration which means that the occasion brings all of the family together.
Though a lot of old customs are now no longer practised, many of the customs that surround Serbian wedding still are.
The traditional Serbian dance is a circle dance called kolo. It is a collective dance, where a group of people (usually several dozen, at the very least three) hold each other by the hands or around the waist dancing, forming a circle (hence the name), semicircle or spiral. The same dance, with the same name, is also traditional among the Croats. Similar circle dances also exist in other cultures of the region.
Serbs have their own customs regarding Christmas. The Serbian Orthodox Church uses the Julian calendar, so Christmas currently falls on January 7 of the Gregorian calendar. Early in the morning of Christmas Eve, the head of the family would go to a forest in order to cut badnjak, a young oak, the oaktree would then be brought into the church to be blessed by the priest. Then the oaktree would be stripped of its branches with combined with wheat and other grain products would be burned in the fireplace. The burning of the badnjak is a ritual which is most certainly of pagan origin and it is considered a sacrifice to God (or the old pagan gods) so that the coming year may bring plenty of food, happiness, love, luck and riches. Nowadays, with most Serbs living in towns, most simply go to their church service to be given a small parcel of oak, wheat and other branches tied together to be taken home and set afire. The house floor and church is covered with hay, reminding worshippers of the stable in which Jesus was born.
Christmas Day itself is celebrated with a feast, necessarily featuring roasted piglet as the main meal. Another Christmas meal is a deliciously sweet cake made of wheat, called koljivo whose consumption is more for ritual than nourishment. One crosses oneself first, then takes a spoonful of the cake and savours it. But the most important Christmas meal is česnica, a special kind of bread. The bread contains a coin; during the lunch, the family breaks up the bread and the one who finds the coin is said to be assured of an especially happy year.
Christmas is not associated with presents like in the West, although it is the day of St Nicolas, the protector saint of children, to whom presents are given. However, most Serbian families give presents on New Year's Day. Santa Claus (Deda Mraz) and the Christmas tree (but rather associated with New Year's Day) are also used in Serbia as result of globalization. Serbs also celebrate the Orthodox New Year (currently on January 14th of the Gregorian Calendar).
Religious Serbs also celebrate other religious holidays and even non-religious people often celebrate Easter (on the Orthodox date).
For Serbian meals, see Serbian cuisine.
Name
The etymology of the word "Serb" (root: Srb) is not known. Numerous theories exist, but none can be said to be certain or even probable:
#Some believe that the name is of Sarmatian/Iranian origin. From which particular word it derives is unclear. However, one theory suggests it derives from the word "Sarv" which means "cypress" tree.
#Some believe that the name comes from the word sebar, meaning "peasant." However, as peasants did not exist in pre-Medieval times while the name did, this seems unlikely.
#Others say that the name comes from saborac, meaning "co-fighter." This could make sense but the words are too dissimilar. It is possible that saborac comes from sebar (that sebar sometimes meant "co-fighter"), which would make this theory more interesting, but there is not much basis for this claim either.
#Some [http://www.rastko.org.yu/rastko-lu/jezik/hsuster-srbin.html] believe that the name comes from srkati, meaning "to suck in," referring to people so closely united as if they share mother's milk.
#Also, others argue that all Slavs originally called themselves Serbs, and that Serbs (and Sorbs) are simply the last Slavs who retained the name. If this is true, it still fails to explain the origin of the Slavic name (most of the above may apply).
#One more theory is that the name comes from Latin. Latin authors, who are the first to mention the name, call them "Servi" or "Servoi," which means "slaves" or "serfs." This name probably dates from the time when the Romans conquered Thrace and Illyria.
However, one thing is certain: the name is very old. It is clearly a self-identification and not a given name as its root cannot be found in western European languages.
It is interesting that the etymology of the name of the Croats (root: Hrv) is also unknown. Some suggest that the names actually originate from the same root: indeed, the roots are distinctly similar (Srb/Hrv). However, it is not known whether this is merely coincidental or indicative of a common origin.
Regardless of the origin, the age and rarity of the name allows for certain historical conclusions based partly on it (for example, see Gordoservon below).
History
:See also: Origin of Serbs, History of Serbia
The tribal designation Serboi first appears in the 1st centuryGeography of Ptolemy (book 5, 9.21) to designate a tribe dwelling in Sarmatia, probably on the Lower Volga River.
The Slavs came to the Balkans from a broad region in central and eastern Europe, which extended from the rivers Elbe in the west to the Dnieper in the east and from a point which touched the Carpathian mountains in the south and the river Niemen in the north. Different tribes settled in different parts of the Balkan peninsula, subsequently developing their distinct identities.
Niemen]
Their settlement in the Balkans appears to have taken place between 610 and 640. The first certain data on the state of the Serboi, Serbia, dates to the 9th century. The Serbs were Christianized in several waves between the 7th and 9th century with the last wave taking place between 867 and 874.
During and after that period, Serbs struggled to gain independence from the Byzantine. The first Serb states were Rascia or Raska and Zeta. Their rulers had a varying degree of autonomy, until virtual independence was achieved under Saint Sava, who became the first head of the Serb Orthodox Church and his brother Stefan Prvovencani, who became the first Serb king. Serbia did not exist as a state of that name but was, rather, the region inhabited by the Serbs; its kings and tsars were called the "King of the Serbs" or "Tsar of the Serbs", not "King of Serbia" or "Tsar of Serbia". The medieval Serbian state is nonetheless often (if anachronistically) referred to as "Serbia".
Serbia reached its golden age under the House of Nemanjic, with the Serbian state reaching its apogee of power in the reign of Tsar Stefan Uros Dusan. Serbia's power subsequently dwindled amid interminable conflict between the nobility, rendering the country unable to resist the steady incursion of the Ottoman Empire into south-eastern Europe. The Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is commonly regarded in Serbian national mythology as the key event in the country's defeat by the Turks, although in fact Ottoman rule was not fully imposed until some time later. After Serbia fell, the kings of Bosnia used the title of "King of the Serbs" until Bosnia was also overrun.
As Christians, the Serbs were regarded as a "protected people" under Ottoman law but in practice were treated as second-class citizens and often harshly treated. They were subjected to considerable pressure to convert to Islam; some did, while others migrated to the north and west, to seek refuge in Austria-Hungary.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the First Serbian Uprising succeeded in liberating at least some Serbs, for a limited time. The Second Serbian Uprising was much more successful, resulting in Ottoman recognition of Serbia as autonomous principality within the Empire. Serbia acquired international recognition as an independent kingdom on Congress of Berlin in 1878. However, many Serbs remained under foreign rule – that of the Ottomans in the south and of the Austrians in the north and west. The southern Serbs were liberated in the First Balkan War of 1912, while the question of Austrian Serbs' independence was the spark that lit the World War I two years later. During the war, the Serbian army fought fiercely, eventually retreated through Albania to regroup in Greece and launched a counter-offensive through Macedonia. Though they were eventually victorious, the war devastated Serbia and killed a huge proportion of its population – by some estimates, over the half of the male Serbian population died in the conflict, influencing the region's demographics to this day.
After the war, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later called Yugoslavia) was created. Almost all Serbs now finally lived in one state. The new state had its capital in Belgrade and was ruled by a Serbian king; it was, however, unstable and prone to ethnic tensions.
During Second World War, the Axis Powers occupied Yugoslavia, dismembering the country. Serbia was occupied by the Germans, while in Bosnia and Croatia Serbs were put under the rule of the Italians and the fascist Ustase regime in the Independent State of Croatia. Under Ustase rule in particular, Serbs and other non-Croats were subjected to systematic genocide in which hundreds of thousands were killed.
After the war, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was formed. As with the pre-war Yugoslavia, the country's capital was at Belgrade. Serbia was the largest republic, however, the Communist regime of Josip Broz Tito diluted its power by establishing two autonomous provinces in Serbia, Kosovo and Vojvodina.
Communist Yugoslavia collapsed in the early 1990s, with four of its six republics becoming independent states. This led to several bloody civil wars as the large Serbian communities in Croatia and Bosnia attempted to remain within Yugoslavia, which now consisted of only Serbia and Montenegro. Another war broke out in Kosovo (see Kosovo War) after years of tensions between Serbs and Albanians. About 200,000 Serbs left Croatia during the "Operation Storm" in 1995, and another 200,000 left Kosovo after the Kosovo War, and settled mostly in Central Serbia and Vojvodina as refugees.
Image:Srbi_u_Jugoslaviji.jpg|The territorial placement of Serbs in Yugoslavia according to the 1981 census data
Image:Serbia ethnic02.jpg|Serbs in Serbia as per 2002 census data for Central Serbia and Vojvodina, and 1991 census data for Kosovo
Image:Montenegro ethnic.jpg|Serbs in Montenegro as per 2003 census data
Image:Bih ethnic18.gif|Serbs in BiH as per 1998 data
#Statistični urad Republike Slovenije: [http://www.stat.si/popis2002/si/rezultati/rezultati_red.asp?ter=SLO&st=7 7. Prebivalstvo po narodni pripadnosti, Slovenija, popisi 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991 in 2002]
#Државен завод за статистика: [http://www.stat.gov.mk/pdf/kniga_13.pdf Попис на населението, домаќинствата и становите во Република Македонија, 2002: Дефинитивни податоци] (PDF)
#Dr. Vladimir Grecic, Marko Lopusina: Svi Srbi sveta: [http://www.suc.org/culture/library/Lopusina1/text/s73.html Albanija]
#Agentia Nationala pentru Intreprinderi Mici si Mijlocii: [http://mimmc.ro/info_util/formulare_1294/ Recensamant Romania 2002]
#Hungarian Central Statistical Office: [http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/eng/volumes/18/tables/load1_28.html 1.28 Population by mother tongue, nationality and sex, 1900–2001]
#Federal Statistical Office Germany: [http://www.destatis.de/basis/e/bevoe/bevoetab10.htm|Foreign population on 31.12.2004 by country of origin]
#Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH [http://www2.gtz.de/migration-and-development/konferenz-2/english/serbs.htm Serbs in Germany]
#Mathis Winkler, Deutsche Welle: [http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,1564,1644313,00.html Can Serbia Face the Past?]
#Tatsachen über Deutschland - Presse- und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung
#Statistik Austria: [ftp://www.statistik.at/pub/neuerscheinungen/vzaustriaweb.pdf Volkszählung 2001 Hauptergebnisse I - Österreich] (PDF)
#2002 American Community Survey Summary Tables [http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=D&-ds_name=D&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=ACS_2002_EST_G2000_PCT026 Ancestry (Total Categories Tallied) for People With One or More Ancestry Categories Reported]
#List of Canadians by ethnicity
#Dr. Vladimir Grecic, Marko Lopusina: Svi Srbi sveta: [http://www.suc.org/culture/library/Lopusina1/text/s51.html Srbi u Kanadi]
#The Community Relations Commission For a multicultural NSW: [http://www.crc.nsw.gov.au/statistics/Sect1/Table1p08Aust.pdf Ancestry by Birthplace of Parent(s) - Australia : 2001 Census] (PDF)
#New Zealand's official statistics agency: [http://www.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/CensusTables.nsf/htmldocs/Ethnic+Group+-+Up+to+Three+Responses/$file/Table%204.xls Ethnic Group - Up to Three Responses] (XLS)
#[http://www.serbiancouncil.org.uk/ The Serbian Council of Great Britain]
#Dr. Vladimir Grecic, Marko Lopusina: Svi Srbi sveta: [http://www.suc.org/culture/library/Lopusina1/text/s66.html#s11 Svedska]
#Ministère des Affaires étrangères: [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/serbie-et-montenegro_443/presentation-communaute-etatique-serbie-et-montenegro_952/ Présentation de la Communauté étatique de Serbie-et-Monténégro]
# Федеральная служба государственной статистики: [http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_14_24.htm 4.1. Национальный состав населения]
# Gonen, Amiram, ed., The Encyclopedia of the Peoples of the World. New York: Holt. 1993. ISBN 0805022562. p. 525, gives the following statistics for Serb population in the former Yugoslavia:
:
Serbs - Category:Ethnic groups of EuropeCategory:Ethnic groups of SerbiaCategory:Ethnic groups of VojvodinaCategory:Ethnic groups of KosovoCategory:Ethnic groups of Montenegroja:セルビア人
Publicist
A publicist is a person whose job is to generate and manage publicity for a public figure, especially a celebrity, or for a work such as a book or movie. Publicists usually work at large companies handling multiple clients. See more at Publicity.
The Top US Entertainment Publicists are:
- Lizze Grubman, [http://www.grubmanpr.com Grubman PR]
- Karen Ammond, [http://www.kbcmedia.com KBC Media Relations]
PMK Public Relations, 1775 Broadway, Suite 701, New York, NY 10019
:This article is about the form of government policing. For the television series, see The Secret Service.
Because of both the secrecy of secret services and the controversial nature of the issues involved there is some difficulty in separating the definitions of secret service,secret police,intelligence agency etc.
For instance a country may establish a secret service which has some policing powers (such as surveillance) but not others. A secret police may also be said to be a secret service. The powers and duties of a government organisation may be partly secret and partly not. The organisation may be said to operate openly at home and secretly abroad, or vice versa.
The most prominent organization bearing this title is the United States Secret Service, which is a secret service, and not a secret police or intelligence agency. The CIA fulfills that role.
Main article: Geography of Serbia
Serbia is located in the Balkans (a historically and geographically distinct region of southeastern Europe) and in the Pannonian Plain (an region of central Europe). It shares borders with Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, the Republic of Macedonia, and Romania. Serbia is landlocked, although access to the Adriatic is available through neighbouring Montenegro, and the Danube River provides shipping access to inland Europe and the Black Sea.
Serbia's terrain ranges from the rich, fertile plains of the northern Vojvodina region, limestone ranges and basins in the east, and, in the southeast, ancient mountains and hills. The north is dominated by the Danube River. A tributary, the Morava River, flows through the more mountainous southern regions.
The Serbian climate varies between a continental climate in the north, with cold winters, and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall patterns, and a more Adriatic climate in the south with hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall inland.
Administrative subdivisions
climateMain article: Subdivisions of Serbia, See also: Regions of Serbia, Districts of Serbia
Serbia is divided into 29 districts and the city of Belgrade. The districts are further divided into 108 municipalities. It has two autonomous provinces: Kosovo and Metohija in the south (with 30 municipalities), which is presently under the administration of the United Nations, and Vojvodina in the north (with 54 municipalities).
The part of Serbia that is neither in Kosovo nor in Vojvodina is called Central Serbia. Central Serbia is not an administrative division (unlike the two autonomous provinces), and it has no regional government of its own. In English this region is often called "Serbia proper" to denote "the part of the Republic of Serbia not including the provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo", as the Library of Congress puts it [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/yugoslavia/yu_glos.html]. This usage was apparently also employed in Serbo-Croatian during the Yugoslav era (in the form of "uža Srbija" literally: narrow Serbia). Its use in English is purely geographical without any particular political meaning being implied.
Main article: Transportation in Serbia, also see: Transportation in Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia, and in particular the valley of the Morava, is often described as "the crossroads between East and West", which is one of the primary reasons for its turbulent history. The Morava valley route, which avoids mountainous regions, is by far the easiest way of travelling overland from continental Europe to Greece and Asia Minor.
European routes E65, E70, E75 and E80, as well as the E662, E761, E762, E763, E771, and E851 pass through the country. The E70 westwards from Belgrade and most of the E75 are modern highways of motorway / autobahn standard or close to that.
The Danube River, central Europe's connection to the Black Sea, flows through Serbia.
There are three international airports in Serbia: Belgrade, Priština, and the newly rebuilt Niš airport.
The national airline carrier is Jat Airways and the railway system is operated by Beovoz in Belgrade and by ZTP Yugoslavia on the national level.
Main article: Serbian cities
;Main cities (over 100,000 inhabitants) - census 2002 :
:Beograd (Belgrade): 1,280,600 (1,574,050 including neighbouring places)
:Novi Sad: 215,600 (298,139 including neighbouring places)
:Priština: 200,000 (251,784 including neighbouring places)
:Niš: 173,400 (234,863 including neighbouring places)
:Kragujevac: 146,000 (175,182 including neighbouring places)
:Subotica: 99,500 (147,758 including neighbouring places)
See also: List of cities in Serbia and Montenegro
Main article: Economy of Serbia
Latest economy statistics:
;Gross Domestic Product:
:Real GDP:$25.98 Billion (2004)
:Real GDP Per Capita: $3180 (Expected for 2005)
:Real GDP growth rate: 7% (2004)
:Real GDP growth rate in Q1 2005: 5.3%
:Real GDP growth rate in Q2 2005: 6.8%
:Real GDP growth rate in Q1 and Q2 2005: 6.1%
;Other statistics (in detail on economy page):
:Industrial production growth rate: 7.1% (2004)
:Unemployment rate: 18.50% (Q1 2005)
:Inflation: 13.7% (2004)
:Foreign debt: $12.97 Billion (49.9% of GDP)
:Direct foreign investment estimated for 2005: $1.5 to $2.0 Billion
- On August 172004 the National Assembly of Serbia adopted Bože Pravde as the country's anthem.
- In addition, the Obrenović royal coat of arms now replaces the Coat of Arms of Serbia adopted after World War II. It was first used in the 19th century. The arms are those of the royal Obrenović dynasty; they are used in two versions, the large (pictured) and small (just the central shield with eagle and crown surmounting). Use of these arms is 'recommended' which means that the coat of arms is not yet official. It will become so if adoption of the Obrenović arms is approved by more than 50% of the voters in a constitutional referendum.
- Asteroid1564 Srbija is discovered by Milorad B. Protić and named after Serbia.
External links
Government links
- [http://www.srbija.sr.gov.yu/?change_lang=en Serbian Government]
- [http://www.parlament.sr.gov.yu/content/eng/index.asp National Assembly of Serbia]
- [http://www.seio.sr.gov.yu/ The EU integration Office of Serbian Government]
- [http://www.narodnakancelarija.srbija.yu/ People's Office of Serbian President]
- [http://www.nbs.yu/english/index.htm National Bank of Serbia]
- [http://www.rts.co.yu/ RTS - Serbian Broadcasting Corporation]
- [http://www.statserb.sr.gov.yu/ Republic of Serbia Statistical Office]
- [http://www.heritage.org.yu/ Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of Serbia]
- [http://www.serbia-tourism.org/index_e.php/ National Tourism Organisation of Serbia]
Hot Club de Frank is een van de bekendste Nederlandse Hot Cluborkesten.
Dit kwintet bestaat uit sologitarist Harold Berghuis, zanger en slaggitarist Frank Meester, violist Jelle van Tongeren, saxofonist Wim Lammen en contrabassist Eric Bednarz. Het orkest poogt een nieuw geluid te creëren binnen de zigeunerjazz: andere ritmes, andere instrumenten, bijzondere arrangementen maken deze oude muziek weer modern. Dit concept slaat bijzonder aan in de wereld van de jazz. Zo speelde Hot Club de Frank reeds twee keer op het befaamde North Sea Jazzfestival en op het Montreux Jazz Festival.
De band maakte vijf cds:
- De heren van het circus (samsammusic)
- Shine (samsammusic)
- Balz Pucino (samsammusic)
- Heel de band is favoriet (Munich)
- Op de bonnefooi (Munich)
Met hun naam verwijzen ze naar de Parijse Hot Club de France en het gelijknamige kwintet uit de jaren 1930-40, waarvan Django Reinhardt en Stéphane Grappelli de belangrijkste leden waren.
categorie:Orkest
U.S. presidential election, 1904
The U.S. presidential election of 1904 was held on November 8, 1904. Incumbent President Theodore Roosevelt, who had succeeded to the Presidency upon William McKinley's assassination, easily won a term of his own.
Nominations
Republican Party nomination
The incumbent
The U.S. presidential election of 1908 was held on November 3, 1908. It was not a close race. Popular incumbent PresidentTheodore Roosevelt, honoring a promise not to seek a third term, anointed William Howard Taft as his successor. The Democrats
U.S. presidential election, 1912
The U.S. presidential election of 1912 was fought among three major candidates, two of whom had served as President of the United States. Incumbent President William Howard Taft was nominated by the Republican party with the support of the establishment wing of the party, despite the fact that former President
The U.S. presidential election of 1916 took place while Europe was embroiled in World War I. Public sentiment in the still neutral United States leaned towards the Allied Powers due to the occupation of parts of France and Belgium b
U.S. presidential election, 1920
The U.S. presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the aftermath of World War I. The wartime boom had collapsed. Diplomats and politicians were arguing over peace treaties and the question of America's entry into the League of Nations. Overseas there were wars and revolutions; at home there were strikes, riots, and a growing fear of radicals and terrorists. Disillusionment was in the air.
The giants who had d
U.S. presidential election, 1924
The U.S. presidential election of 1924 was won by incumbent PresidentCalvin Coolidge in a landslide as he presided over a booming economy at home and no visible crises abroad.
U.S. presidential election, 1928
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Adalbert of Magdeburg
Adalbert of Magdeburg ( d. June 20981), sometimes known as the "Apostle of the Slavs", was possibly born in Alsace. His feast day is June 20.
Adalbert was a Germanmonk at the Benedictine Monastary of Saint Maximinus in Trier. He was consecrate
