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Homaro

Homaro

L' Homaro es l'ensemblo di Homo sapiens, definita per di propra karakterizivi pri speco (per exemplo, staca staciono, pelvo-formo, marcho-maniero, mano-strukturo, linguo, edc ..). Di plu abstrakta maniero, to es l'ensemblo partigar per omna membri. La koncepto di uneso di homaro es aparita en la stoicismo. En filozofio ta nociono di kolektala destino havas developita ye 18a yar-cento. Ol es kontestita en la sequa yar-cento per Arthur Schopenhauer e Friedrich Nietzsche. La teknika progreso provokigas di neprevidebla chanjesi en la defino di to ke es « homa ento », note di akcioni sur la genetiko e di ciborgi. Per exemplo la cienco-finguro skribo Isaac Asimov havas enuncita la tri robotala-legi per enkadrizar la povi delegita di homaro. La nociono d’homaro havas donita ta di solidaraja extensita a tota l’homaro, ofte rezumita per la vorto « humanema ». Category:FilozofioCategory:Socio

Filozofio

Filozofio (del Greka philo 'amo', sofia 'sajeso', philosophos 'savemo') esas sistemo di doktrino od opiniono pri la naturo e signifiko di homala experienco konsiderata entote. Ol forsan plu bone aplikesas al kritikal evaluo di omna klami di savo - inkluzante lia propra ed omna presupozi pri lia propra naturo e tasko. Tradicionale, filozofi traktas quar precipua temi: logiko, metafiziko, epistemologio ed axiologio inkluzante estetiko. En la moderna epoko, filozofi emfazas sua kritikala rolo do en socio. Maxim multa nun enfokigas specala faki, ex. filozofio di logiko, filozofio di cienco, filozofio di religio. ---- Videz anke
- en cirklo di filozofio: realismo, racionalismo, empirikismo, pozitivismo, logikala pozitivismo, materialismo, pragmatismo, fenomenologio, existantalismo, ontologio.
- relatanta cienci: linguistiko, psikologio

Famoza filozofi


- Sokrates

- Platon

- Aristoteles

- Santa Augustinus

- Emil Cioran

- René Descartes

- Immanuel Kant

- Auguste Comte

- Karl Marx

- Karl Popper

- Ludwig Wittgenstein

- Rudolf Carnap

- Jean-Paul Sartre

- Georg Henrik von Wright
- Laborit, Henri ja:哲学 ko:철학 ms:Falsafah simple:Philosophy th:ปรัชญา

Friedrich Nietzsche

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche 15 di oktobro 1844 en Röcken apud Leipzig til 25 di agosto 1900 en Weimar Germania) esis lekt-agreabla filozofo. Lia patro e gepatro esis luteriana pastoro. Yuna orfeno il komencas same ma perdita kredo pro lektas Arthur Schopenhauer e terminas sen konvinkeso lia filologia studii. Ye 1870, engajas su kom volanta flegisto dum la Franca Prusa-milito. L'experimento di violento e doloro shokis li profunde. Il quik aquiras difteria e dizenterio. Ye 1879, lia stando koaktas livar profesor-employeso. Komencas lore vaganta vivo pri serchar favorebla klimato (Venizia, Genoa, Turin, Nice) e skribar Tale parlas Zarathoustra (kom kinesma evangelio). Ye 1882, il renkontras Paul Rée e Lou Andreas-Salomé ke il demandas kom spozo ma refuzas, pos havar facas esperar reciproka sentimenti. Ta refuzo dezesperas li multo pro malgre kritiki kontre femini, sentas la bezono di kompanino qua komprenas li.
- [http://www.agellus.org/nietzsche/ Wiki Nietzsche] Nietzsche, Friedrich ja:フリードリヒ・ニーチェ ko:프리드리히 니체

Progreso


- Progreso (revuo) esas revuo en Ido. ---- Progresi es evaluata en absoluta valoro per la ganaji registragata super longesala skalo; en relatanta valoro per la komparo di norma noti a komencala e finala instanti del periodo konsiderata.

La progreso

En 1516 Thomas More facas aparar sua probo Utopia, sua perfekta mondo es premoderna skiso di progreso. On pasas di premie di pasinto a ica del futuro. Descartes, Galilei praktike pose Francis Bacon en teoristo indikas la utensili per aganta savo. La kumulado di konocaji permisas de dominacar e modlar la naturo. Su demandas lore la problemo, nome per Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz e Hobbes, de mantenar la vertuoza cerklo inter la bonajo, la verajo, la belajo, mem la feliceso, kon la moviva ke konstitucas la deziro per tendencar vers nefinita e neretreta plubonesko.
Ica konceptado de Hegel facis kritikata per Arthur Schopenhauer.

Eugenismo

Condorcet e la montarala revolutioni principagas del homo regenerata, do di eugenismo a larga senso, di perfektionar la fizika e mentala fakultati. Ilu es kontestata per Jean-Jacques Rousseau ke explikas ke la neperfektala permisas de degenerar apertanta di nova posibli.
La dicipuli de Charles Darwin e la principala totalitarismi pozus en loko politiko di eugenismo kom antropologia bezono bazata super la generala genezalo ke adosos mem super la maxim morgi per retro-donar prezento de mizero toleraja ma on konocas lua falio.

Perversa efekti

L'akumulo di perversa efekti nome super ekologia, la desaparo del ultima skopo transformata en movismo ke semblas mirajo es denuncata nome per Jean Baudrillard.

Genetiko

Genetiko es la brancho di biologio quo koncernas heredo, quo studias quale geni transmisesas de genitoro a filio. On dividas genetiko aden plura specala faki: klasika genetiko (koncernas heredo di genitorala traiti en alta planti ed animali) citogenetiko (koncernas la celulala bazo di genetiko) mikrobala genetiko (koncernas heredo en mikroorganismi) molekulala genetiko (koncernas la biokemiala bazo di heredo) homala genetiko (koncernas heredo di traiti di social e medicinal importo che homi) ja:遺伝学 ko:유전학 ms:Genetik simple:Genetics th:พันธุศาสตร์

La tri robotala-legi

La tri robotala-legi esis imaginajo per la skribo di cienco-finguro Isaac Asimov. En futuro ke il havas imaginita, di homeo roboti kapabla di rezonar e facar preske tota la labori propra pri homo esus konstruktita. Per kontrar la pavoro di « Frankenstein-sindromo » di kreuri retro-irinta kontre sua kreero, la roboti esus konstruktita de tri axiomi, nomita ‘’legi di robotala’’:
- Lego 1: Roboto ne povas nocar pri homo o, restinta pasiva, lasar homo en danjero.
- Lego 2: Roboto devas sempre obediar da homa ento, se ne ta ordero sive kontrea di l’unesma lego.
- Lego 3: Roboto devas protektar su ol-mem, se ne ke to kontre-agas di l’unesma e/o di la duesma lego. Malgre ta tri legi qua rendas roboto ne-atakanta (kontre homa enti), en la laboro di Asimo la sindromo di Frankenstein e precipue la humo-pavoro pri vidar su remplasar per di mashini es plu forta e la roboti es ne-permita sur Tero, sua uzajo esinta rezervita por spacia koloni. Ye notar ke ta legi es kodexita en plu profunda di pozitronala cerebro di roboti, e ne povas sen irga kazo esar modifikita.
Tamen, en la verko di Asimov, aparas du partikulara roboti, Daneel e Giskard. Ta roboti formulas la lego 0 di robotika tale :
- Lego 0: Roboto ne povas nocar pri humaro o, restinta pasiva, lasar humaro en danjero. La tri legi es do modifikita tale :
- Lego 1: Roboto ne povas nocar pri homo o, restinta pasiva, lasar homo en danjero, se ne ta ordero sive kontrea di la zeroesma lego.
- Lego 2: Roboto devas sempre obediar da homa ento, se ne ta ordero sive kontrea di la zeroesma lego o di l’unesma lego.
- Lego 3: Roboto devas protektar su ol-mem, se ne ke to kontre-agas di la zeroesma lego, di l’unesma e/o di la duesma lego. La konsequi di la zeroesma lego es importega : ol donas la yuro pri roboti por ataquar su a di homi, se ta homi uzas humaro en danjero. Imituro di ta tri legi havis skribita per Roland C. Wagner : la tri sexua robotala-legi. Category:cienco-finguro ja:????????? th:?? 3 ??????????????

Category:Filozofio

Category:Cienci ja:Category:哲学 ko:분류:철학 th:Category:ปรัชญา

Category:Socio

Category:Chefa kategorii

List of drowned people

This is a list of drowning victims, either real or fictional characters in chronological order. The reasons for drowning are diverse and range from suicide, to accidents or murders.
- Hippasus of Metapontum, a student of the mathematician Pythagoras, drowned by his master for the imprudence of discovering irrational numbers
- Pharaoh Ptolemy XIII of Egypt, drowned in the Nile in January 13 47 BC
- Antinous (born circa 111), lover of Roman Emperor Hadrian, drowned in the Nile in 130; the grieving emperor commissioned hundreds of statues of the youth and spread them around the Empire
- Li Po, Chinese poet, in 762
- Giselberg, Duke of Lotharingia, drowned on October 2 939 in the Rhine, near Mainz
- William Adelin (born 1103) and his half sister Matilda FitzEdith, countess of Perches (born circa 1090), sons of king Henry I of England, drowned in the Channel on November 25 1120 in the White Ship wreck
- Fierdrich I Barbarrossa, duke of Swabia and Holy Roman Emperor, drowned in the Göks River (Cilicia) on June 6 1190 during the Third Crusade, leaving an unstable alliance between Richard I of England and Philip II of France
- King Magnus II of Sweden and Norway, 13161374
- Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter, Constable of the Tower of London, 14301475
- George, Duke of Clarence (born 1449), executed for treason against his brother king Edward IV of England on 1478, by drowning in a barrel of Malmsey wine; or so the legend says, because modern assessments favour the traditional decapitation instead
- Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in 1527 in the Limmat River in Zürich by the Zürich Reformed state church
- John William Friso of Orange-Nassau, stadholder of the Low Countries, in 1711
- Peter Artedi, a disciple of Linnaeus, considered the father of Icthyology, fell by accident in a channel of Amsterdam in 1735
- Ludwig II of Bavaria, 1845June 13 1886
- Percy Shelley, while sailing off Livorno
- Adolphe Helière, French cyclist. Drowned while swimming in the Mediterranean Sea during a rest day of the Tour de France, 1910.
- Grigori Rasputin (died 1916), Russian mystic and Imperial adviser; the aristocratic faction tried to kill him using several methods, eventually drowning on the Neva River proved to be the most efficient
- Enrique Granados, drowned after jumping out of a lifeboat to rescue his wife, following the torpedoing of their ship by the German navy during World War I, in 1916.
- J. W. H. T. Douglas, 1882-1930, cricketer, died unsuccessfully trying to rescue his father after a collision at sea.
- James Murray, 1901-1936, actor, found drowned in the Hudson River, possible suicide
- Virginia Woolf (born 1882), British writer, committed suicide on May 28 1941
- Mary Jo Kopechne (born 1940, drowned in Edward Kennedy's Oldsmobile Delta '88 in a DWI accident off of Chappaquiddick Island in 1969.
- Albert Ayler, jazz musician, suspected suicide November 1970
- Istvan Kertesz, orchestral conductor, accident, 16 April 1973
- Josef Mengele (born 1911), war criminal and leader of the Nazi human experimentation program, drowned while swimming in an Argentinian beach in 1979
- Hart Crane, poet; suicide in the Caribbean.
- Natalie Wood (born 1938), actress, drowned in a yacht accident in 1981; the accident raised several suspicions and murder was considered
- Dennis Wilson, one of the members of the Beach Boys, in 1983
- Jim Hodder, (born 1947), American drummer who drowned in his pool in 1990.
- Robert Maxwell, newpaper magnate, disappeared from his yacht under mysterious circumstances in 1991, body later recovered off the coast of Tenerife
- Tom Mees, longtime sportscaster for ESPN, drowned while trying to rescue his 4 year old daughter in a neighbor's swimming pool, in 1996
- Jeff Buckley (born 1966), drowned in the Mississippi River in 1997
- Charles Clement Johnston, U.S. Representative from Virginia, drown in Atlantic near a dock in Alexandria, Virginia in 1832

Fictional and mythological characters


- Aegeus, father of the hero Theseus, committed suicide by jumping into the sea for believing his son dead; the sea was named after him and today is known by Aegean Sea
- Icarus, son of Daedalus; escaped with his father using artificial wings; flew too near the sun and wings fell off; drowned in what is today called the Icarian Sea
- Jason Voorhees, the living-dead, masked serial killer of the Friday the 13th movies, was originally a boy who drowned in a summer camp
- Primula Brandybuck and Drogo Baggins, the parents of Tolkien's character Frodo Baggins of the Lord of the Rings trilogy
- Ophelia in William Shakespeare's play Hamlet
- Rebecca, central character of the eponymous Alfred Hitchcock movie and Daphne Du Maurier novel, drowned while trying to anchor her yacht in a bay
- Adam and Barbara Maitland, the main characters in the movie Beetlejuice, drowned when they crashed their car off a covered bridge.
- Yailee Ming Deception Point, drowned when he fell into a meteorite extraction pit, in the Arctic.

See also


- Filicide, most common method is drowning
- List of shipwrecks
- Lists of people by cause of death
- Burial at sea drowning victims

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