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United States Highway 176

United States Highway 176

U.S. Highway 176 is a spur of U.S. Highway 76. It currently runs for 229 miles (369 km) from Goose Creek, South Carolina at U.S. Highway 52 to Hendersonville, North Carolina at U.S. Highway 64. It passes through the states of South Carolina and North Carolina. It goes through the cities of Spartanburg, South Carolina and Columbia, South Carolina.

See also


- List of U.S. Highways 176

U.S. Highway 76

United States Highway 76 is an east-west United States highway that runs for 548 miles (882 km) from southeast North Carolina to Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Termini

As of 2004, the highway's eastern terminus is Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. Its western terminus is Chattanooga, Tennessee.

States traversed

The highway passes through the following states:
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Georgia
- Tennessee

Notable cities on the route


- Wilmington, North Carolina
- Florence, South Carolina
- Sumter, South Carolina
- Columbia, South Carolina
- Anderson, South Carolina
- Clemson, South Carolina
- Dalton, Georgia
- Chattanooga, Tennessee

Related U.S. routes


- U.S. Highway 176
- U.S. Highway 276
- List of U.S. Highways

Source and external links


- [http://www.us-highways.com/ U.S. Highways: from US 1 to (US 830)] (Robert V. Droz) 076

U.S. Highway 52

United States Highway 52 is an unusual United States highway. While one might expect the route to be east-west as most even-numbered US Highways are, US 52 takes a northwest-southeast route. Because of its unusual nature, US 52 is signed east and west on some sections and north and south on others.

Termini

The highway's northwestern terminus is at Portal, North Dakota on the Canadian border, where it continues as Saskatchewan Highway 39. The southeastern terminus of US 52 is in Charleston, South Carolina, somewhere near the intersection of Interstate 26 and U.S. Highway 17.

States traversed

The highway passes through the following states:
- North Dakota
- Minnesota
- Iowa
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Ohio
- Kentucky
- West Virginia
- Virginia
- North Carolina
- South Carolina

Major cities

Major cities along the route include:
- Minot, North Dakota
- Fargo, North Dakota
- Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Rochester, Minnesota
- Dubuque, Iowa
- Joliet, Illinois
- Indianapolis, Indiana
- Cincinnati, Ohio
- Huntington, West Virginia
- Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Charleston, South Carolina

Intersections and Multiplexes

Along U.S. 52's route, there are many places where the route crosses an Interstate (intersection), and many places where U.S. 52 shares its route with an Interstate (multiplex).
- Interstate 94 multiplex between Jamestown, North Dakota and St. Paul, Minnesota, but in Minnesota, it is not signed along its multiplex with I-94, it is only signed in that state along the section between St. Paul and the Iowa line.
- Interstate 29 in Fargo, North Dakota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 694 multiplex in Minneapolis, Minnesota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 494 in Maple Grove, Minnesota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 394 in Minneapolis, Minnesota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 35W in Minneapolis, Minnesota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 35E multiplex in Minneapolis, Minnesota (while multiplexed with I-94)
- Interstate 494 in South St. Paul, Minnesota
- Interstate 90 in Marion, Minnesota
- Interstate 88 in Dixon, Illinois
- Interstate 39 in Troy Grove, Illinois
- Interstate 55 in Joliet, Illinois
- Interstate 80 in Joliet, Illinois
- Interstate 57 in Kankakee, Illinois
- Interstate 65 multiplex between Lebanon, Indiana and Zionsville, Indiana
- Interstate 865 multiplex in Zionsville, Indiana
- Interstate 465 multiplex between Zionsville, Indiana and Warren Park, Indiana
- Interstate 69 in Indianapolis, Indiana (while multiplexed with I-465)
- Interstate 70 in Indianapolis, Indiana (while multiplexed with I-465)
- Interstate 74 multiplex between the Indiana/Ohio border and Cincinnati, Ohio
- Interstate 275 multiplex in Miamitown, Ohio (while multiplexed with I-74)
- Interstate 75 multiplex in Cincinnati, Ohio
- Interstate 275 near Newtown, Ohio
- Interstate 64 multiplex between Huntington, West Virginia and Kenova, West Virginia
- Interstate 77 multiplex between Bluefield, West Virginia and Rocky Gap, Virginia
- Interstate 81 multiplex in Wytheville, Virginia
- Interstate 77 multiplex in Wytheville, Virginia (while multiplexed with I-81)
- Interstate 77 multiplex between Wytheville, Virginia and Fort Chiswell, Virginia
- Interstate 74 in Mount Airy, North Carolina
- Interstate 40 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Interstate 85 multiplex between Lexington, North Carolina and Salisbury, North Carolina
- Interstate 95 in Florence, South Carolina

Notes


- Historically, U.S. 52 was routed along University Avenue between Minneapolis and St. Paul in Minnesota. In the 1980s and 1990s, the highway was gradually shifted onto its present route along Interstate 94, although for a few years up until about 1995, there was effectively a gap in the roadway as the precise route wasn't defined. Since then, it has been routed along the interstate between the Twin Cities, though as of 2005, there was still a sign on University Avenue as you enter Hennepin County saying ", follow (County Highways) \36/ and \37/", which keeps you on University, then onto 4th St for historic westbound US-52. Historic US-52 westbound then went over the Central Avenue bridge (current Minnesota State Highway 65) and turned onto the current routing of County Highway 81 northwest to Osseo. It then followed the current route of U.S. Highway 169 north to Anoka.
- In Rochester, Minnesota, US 52 is being expanded to six lanes. Long term plans have US 52 from St. Paul to I-90 be freeway, and some have suggested that when the conversion is complete, that the freeway become a spur route for I-90. Currently I-90 has no spur routes in Minnesota. Also, US 52's route through Rochester has exit numbers, so far the only non-Interstate in Minnesota to have them. [http://www.roc52.com/ Rochester US 52 Project] NOTE: This project has since been completed, in the fall of 2005. [http://www.geocities.com/pennsylvaniatpk7689/roc52.html Highways and Gas Stations- US 52 End of Construction Page]

Related U.S. routes


- U.S. Highway 152
- Interstate 26
- List of United States Highways 052 052 052 052

Hendersonville, North Carolina

Hendersonville is a city located in Henderson County, North Carolina. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 10,420. It is the county seat of Henderson County. The city is an exceptionally beautiful small-city downtown comprised primarily of boutiques, antique shops and tourist attractions. Its architecture reflects the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Much downtown revitalization has occurred since the early 1990s. Significant commercial enterprises that do not serve the tourist trade have relocated almost entirely to the "strip mall" corridors along U.S. Hwy. 64 East and U.S. Hwy. 176. The center city has little resident population, but historic neighborhoods may be viewed on the city's west side and in the northern suburb of Druid Hills. Depressed areas are to be found along the city's east side, though redevelopment efforts are underway along formerly depressed 7th Avenue East.

Geography

Henderson County Hendersonville is located at 35°19'14" North, 82°27'42" West (35.320586, -82.461596). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.5 km² (6.0 mi²). 15.4 km² (6.0 mi²) of it is land and 0.17% is water.

Demographics

left As of the census of 2000, there are 10,420 people, 4,579 households, and 2,555 families residing in the city. The population density is 675.0/km² (1,749.7/mi²). There are 5,181 housing units at an average density of 335.6/km² (870.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 81.44% White, 12.54% African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 3.48% from other races, and 1.52% from two or more races. 9.09% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 4,579 households out of which 20.7% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% are married couples living together, 12.9% have a female householder with no husband present, and 44.2% are non-families. 40.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 22.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.10 and the average family size is 2.80. In the city the population is spread out with 19.3% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 31.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 45 years. For every 100 females there are 82.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 76.6 males. The median income for a household in the city is $30,357, and the median income for a family is $39,111. Males have a median income of $30,458 versus $22,770 for females. The per capita income for the city is $19,926. 16.8% of the population and 13.3% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 27.5% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. Significant problems facing Hendersonville in the early 21st century are a sizable illegal immigrant population, overloaded traffic arteries, massive influx of Northern population, suburban sprawl and pollution issues. However, the city and surrounding areas remain a magnet both for retirement and Northern/Mexican relocation, while local government wrestles so far unsuccessfully with the problems presented by these demographic and environmental issues.

Collection of County Taxes

The county Tax Collector Terry F. Lyda who is stationed inside the New Courthouse in Hendersonville, collects 99% of the county's due taxes from his office... his team of clerks, Deputy's, and Delinquent Collections officers make this possible... Thus giving Henderson County and Hendersonville city one of the Highest Collection rates in Western North Carolina. This gives Hendersonville a distinct advantage when spending local taxpayer money.. although the county still seems to fall short year after year.

External links


-
- [http://www.cityofhendersonville.org/ Official website of Hendersonville, NC]
- [http://www.hendersonvillechamber.org/ Greater Hendersonville Chamber of Commerce]
- [http://www.historichendersonville.org/ Visitors' Information]
- [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hendersonville/ Hendersonville Web Community]
- [http://www.hendersoncountync.org/Output/MapViewer/ Henderson County GIS Online] Category:Cities in North Carolina Category:Henderson County, North Carolina

U.S. Highway 64

United States Highway 64 is an east-west United States highway that runs for 2,326 miles (3,743 km) from eastern North Carolina to just southwest of the Four Corners in northeast Arizona.

Termini

As of 2004, the highway's eastern terminus is Nags Head, North Carolina. Its western terminus is Teec Nos Pos, Arizona at U.S. Highway 160. (The portion of U.S. 64 in Arizona is along a portion of Arizona state route 64. West of Teec Nos Pos, the segment of U.S. Highway 160 is also along former Arizona 64. It would seem sensible that this portion should be renumbered U.S. 64, as well as the currently existing portion of Arizona 64, which runs from Cameron to Williams, and passes the south rim of the Grand Canyon. This would put the western terminus at junction Interstate 40, near Williams.)

Business U.S. 64

There are several sections of Business US 64 serving more as alternate routes of the main highway. While they go through towns and cities, they often run numerous miles through rural areas and often pass through more than one city.
- Business US 64 — Muskogee, Oklahoma
- Business US 64 — Alma, Arkansas
- Business US 64 — Beebe, Arkansas Decommissioned
- Business US 64 — Augusta, Arkansas
- Business US 64 — Crawfordsville, Arkansas
- Business US 64 — Enid, Oklahoma
- Business US 64 — Wynne, Arkansas
- Business US 64 — Winchester, Tennessee

States traversed

The highway passes through the following states:
- North Carolina
- Tennessee
- Arkansas
- Oklahoma
- New Mexico
- Arizona

Notable cities on the route


- Rocky Mount, North Carolina
- Raleigh, North Carolina
- Chattanooga, Tennessee
- Selmer, Tennessee
- Memphis, Tennessee
- Fort Smith, Arkansas
- Tulsa, Oklahoma
- Enid, Oklahoma
- Farmington, New Mexico

Related U.S. routes


- U.S. Highway 164
- U.S. Highway 264
- List of United States Highways

Source and external link


- [http://www.us-highways.com/ U.S. Highways: from US 1 to (US 830)] (Robert V. Droz) 064

North Carolina

North Carolina is a Southern U.S. state in the United States, also considered a Mid-Atlantic state in some cases. North Carolina is one of the thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution. It is bordered by South Carolina on the south, Georgia on the southwest, Tennessee on the west, Virginia on the north, and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. The state is named for King Charles I of England (in Latin, Carolus means Charles). The USS North Carolina was named in honor of this state. North Carolina has 3 metropolitan combined statistical areas with a population of over 1 million. As of July 1, 2004:
- Charlotte-Gastonia-Salisbury, NC-SC - population 2,067,810
- Raleigh-Durham-Cary - population of 1,467,434
- Greensboro/Winston-Salem/High Point - population of 1,335,217 Source: US Bureau of the Census Released April 2005

History

North Carolina was originally inhabited by a number of native tribes, including the Cherokee, Creek, Tuscarora, Lumbee, and Catawba. North Carolina was the first American territory the English attempted to colonize. Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, chartered two colonies on the North Carolina (then Virginia) coast in the late 1580s, both ending in failure. The demise of one, the "Lost Colony" of Roanoke Island, remains one of the great mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born stateside, was born in North Carolina. Dare County is named for her. The first permanent European settlers of North Carolina were poor English and Scots-Irish settlers who had failed at establishing themselves in Barbados. By the late seventeenth century, several permanent settlements had taken hold in the Carolina territory, which encompassed present-day South Carolina and Tennessee as well. The Carolina territory was a gift from King Charles II of England to the so-called Lords Proprietors, a group of noblemen who had helped restore Charles to the English throne in 1660. In 1712, North Carolina became a separate colony. With the exception of the Earl Granville's holdings, it became a royal colony seventeen years later. According to legend, on May 20 1775, Mecklenburg County became the first North Carolina county to declare its independence from Great Britain. (No period documentation survives to verify this legend.) On April 12 1776, the colony became the first to instruct its delegates to the Continental Congress to vote for independence from the British crown. The dates of both of these independence-related events are memorialized on the state flag and state seal. On November 21, 1789, North Carolina ratified the Constitution to become the twelfth state in the Union. Between the American Revolutionary War and the American Civil War, North Carolina worked to establish its state and local governments. In 1840, it completed the state capitol building in Raleigh, still standing today. In mid-century the state's rural and commercial areas were further connected by construction of a 129 mile (208 km) wooden plank road, known as a "farmer's railroad," from Fayetteville in the east to Bethania (northwest of Winston-Salem). In 1860 North Carolina was a slave state, however according to the Museum of the Cape Fear, it was only two percent of the population that owned over 99 percent of the slaves in the state. There were also about 30,000 free blacks residing in the state. Somewhat divided on whether to support the North or the South in the Civil War, North Carolina was the last state to secede from the Union in 1861. Governor Ellis, leader of the state at the war's beginning in 1861, famously declared in response to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 troops to suppress the "rebellion" that "you can get no troops from North Carolina." However, under his leadership and that of his successor, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance of Asheville, elected in 1862, the Tar Heel State did provide 125,000 troops to the Confederacy, more than any other Confederate state. Approximately 40,000 of those troops never returned home, dead of battlefield wounds, disease and privation. Although few major engagements took place in North Carolina itself, her troops served in virtually all the major battles of the Army of Northern Virginia. The largest battle that occurred in North Carolina was at Bentonville, a futile attempt by Confederate Gen. Joseph Johnston to slow Union Gen. Sherman's advance into the Carolinas in the spring of 1865. Gen. Johnston surrendered one of the largest Confederate armies near Durham in late April 1865, weeks after Gen. Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox, but the final surrender in North Carolina came at Waynesville in Western North Carolina in May, when remnants of Thomas' Cherokee Legion laid down their arms. Today, North Carolina is home to Fort Bragg, near Fayetteville; it is one of the largest and most comprehensive military bases in the United States and is the headquarters of the XVIII Airborne Corps, 82nd Airborne Division, and the U.S. Army Special Operations Command. Next to Fort Bragg is Pope Air Force Base. North Carolina is also home to Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune which, when combined with nearby Marine bases MCAS Cherry Point, Camp Geiger, Camp Johnson, Stone Bay and Courthouse Bay, makes up the largest concentration of Marines and sailors in the world. Over the past century, North Carolina has grown to become a national leader in agriculture, financial services, and industry. The state's industrial output—mainly textiles, chemicals, electrical equipment, paper and paper products—ranked eighth in the nation in the early 1990s. Tobacco, one of North Carolina's earliest sources of revenue, remains vital to the local economy. Recently, technology, research, and banking has become a driving force in the state, especially with the creation of the Research Triangle Park between Raleigh and Durham in the 1950's, along with Charlotte's newfound international status as the second largest banking center in the entire United States. The state is also a center of American motorsports with many NASCAR racing teams and related industries located near Charlotte. In 2005, the state Legislature voted to implement a state lottery, killing North Carolina's reputation as the "anti-lottery" state, where owning a lottery ticket, even from another state, was once a felony. North Carolina has had three constitutions:
- 1776: This one was ratified December 18, 1776, as the first constitution of the independent state. The Declaration of Rights was ratified the preceding day.
- 1868: This was framed in accordance with the Reconstruction Acts after North Carolina was readmitted into the Union. It was a major reorganization and modification of the original into fourteen articles. It also introduced townships which each county was required to create, the only Southern state to do so.
- 1971: This is a minor consolidation of the 1868 constitution and subsequent amendments.

Law and Government

The capital of North Carolina is Raleigh. North Carolina's governor is Mike Easley, a Democrat. Its two U.S. senators are Elizabeth Dole and Richard Burr, both Republicans.

Executive branch

The governor, lieutenant governor, and eight elected department heads form the North Carolina Council of State. Ten other department heads appointed by the Governor form the North Carolina Cabinet. The state's current governor is Democrat Mike Easley. See List of North Carolina Governors

Legislative branch

The North Carolina General Assembly consists of two houses, a 50-member Senate and a 120-member House of Representatives. For the 2005–2006 session, the current President Pro Tempore of the Senate is Democrat Marc Basnight (the Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina is the President of the Senate); The House Speaker is Democrat James B. Black. The prior term's power sharing Co-Speaker arrangement is no longer in effect, as the House Democrats won a decided victory and majority of the seats in the 2004 election.

Judicial branch

The Supreme Court of North Carolina is the state's highest appellate court; it numbers seven justices. The North Carolina Court of Appeals is the only intermediate appellate court in the state; it consists of fifteen judges who rule in rotating panels of three. Together, the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals constitute the Appellate division of the court system. The Trial division includes the Superior Court and the District Court. All felony criminal cases, civil cases involving more than $10,000 and misdemeanor and infraction appeals from District Court are tried in Superior Court. A jury of 12 hears the criminal cases. In the civil cases, juries are often waived. Civil cases such as divorce, custody, child support and cases involving less than $10,000 are heard in District Court, along with criminal cases involving misdemeanors and infractions. The trial of a criminal case in District Court is always without a jury. The District Court also hears juvenile cases involving children under the age of 16 who are delinquent and children under the age of 18 who are undisciplined, dependent, neglected or abused. Magistrates accept guilty pleas for minor misdemeanors, accept guilty pleas for traffic violations, and accept waivers of trial for worthless-check cases among other things. In civil cases, the magistrate is authorized to try small claims involving up to $4,000 including landlord eviction cases. Source: [http://www.nccourts.org/Courts/Default.asp North Carolina Court System official site]

Economy

According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the state's 2003 total gross state product was $314 billion. Its 2003 Per Capita Personal Income was $28,071, 38th in the nation. North Carolina's agricultural outputs are poultry and eggs, tobacco, hogs, milk, nursery stock, cattle, and soybeans. Its industrial outputs are tobacco products, textile goods, chemical products, electric equipment, machinery, and tourism. Charlotte, the largest city in the state, is also the nation's largest banking presence outside of New York City. North Carolina is also the largest film making state outside of California. Movie studios are located in Shelby, Raleigh, Durham, Charlotte, and the most popular, EUE Screen Gems Studios in Wilmington. Some of the films and television shows filmed there include: Dawson's Creek, One Tree Hill, Cape Fear, Maximum Overdrive and The Crow.

Demographics

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2004, North Carolina's population was 8,541,221. :See Metropolitan_Combined_Statistical_Area The racial makeup of the state is:
- 70.2% White Non-Hispanic
- 21.6% Black
- 4.7% Hispanic of any race
- 1.4% Asian
- 1.2% Native American
- 1.3% Mixed race The five largest ancestry groups in North Carolina are: African American (21.6%), American (13.9%), English (9.5%), German (9.5%), Irish (7.4%). It is probable that most of those claiming "American" descent are descended from the early Scots-Irish settlers who settled primarily in the Piedmont and the mountains. African-Americans are concentrated in the state's eastern Coastal Plain and in parts of the Piedmont Plateau where plantation agriculture was most dominant (See "History"). Until the mid 1860s, North Carolina had more small farms and fewer plantations than adjacent South Carolina and Virginia. These farmers were called "Yeoman" farmers who were non-slave owning, private land owners of tracts of approximately 500 acres (2 km²). North Carolinians of British ancestry are concentrated in the western mountains, coastal areas, and Piedmont areas. Residents who claim American descent are most prevalent in the rural areas of the central Piedmont and most of the mountains. The tri-racial Lumbee Indians, who claim descent from the Lost Colony survivors, live primarily in Robeson County, and the Cherokee Indians live in western Swain County. The state has one of the fastest growing Latino and Asian populations in the country; these populations have nearly quintupled and tripled respectively between 1990 and 2002. 6.7% of North Carolina's population were reported as under 5, 24.4% under 18, and 12.0% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 51% of the population.

Transportation

Airports


- Asheville Regional Airport
- Charlotte Douglas International Airport
- Fayetteville Regional Airport - Grannis Field
- Piedmont Triad International Airport (Greensboro/High Point)
- Raleigh-Durham International Airport
- Wilmington International Airport

Major Highways


- Interstate 26
- Interstate 40
- Interstate 74
- Interstate 77
- Interstate 85
- Interstate 240
- Interstate 277
- Interstate 440
- Interstate 485
- Interstate 540
- U.S. Highway 1
- U.S. Highway 15
- U.S. Highway 17
- U.S. Highway 19
- U.S. Highway 25
- U.S. Highway 52
- U.S. Highway 64
- U.S. Highway 70
- U.S. Highway 74
- U.S. Highway 76
- U.S. Highway 117
- U.S. Highway 158
- U.S. Highway 178
- U.S. Highway 220
- U.S. Highway 421
- U.S. Highway 501
- NC 147 (Durham Freeway)

Religion

North Carolina, like other Southern states, is overwhelmingly Protestant, with the largest Protestant denomination being the Baptists. The current religious affiliations of the people of North Carolina are shown below:
- Christian – 88%
  - Protestant – 77%
    - Baptist – 40%
    - Methodist – 10%
    - Presbyterian – 3%
    - Other Protestant or general Protestant – 24%
  - Roman Catholic – 10%
  - Other Christian – 1% (Eastern Orthodox, etc.)
- Non-Religious – 11% (atheists, agnostics, etc.)
- Other Religions – 1% (Jews, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, etc.)

Important cities and towns

Small towns/areas with interesting names:
- Bat Cave (in Henderson County, near Asheville)
- Climax (in Guilford County, near Greensboro)
- Frog Level (in Pitt County)
- Frying Pan Landing (in Tyrrell County)
- Fuquay-Varina (in Wake County)
- Kill Devil Hills (in Dare County)
- Lizard Lick (in Wake County, near Raleigh)
- Mount Airy (in Surry County, was the inspiration for Mayberry in the popular TV program The Andy Griffith Show, and is Griffith's birthplace)
- Rich Square (in Northampton County)
- Rockfish (in Hoke County)
- Soul City (in Warren County)
- Tickbite (in Pitt County)
- Welcome (in Davidson County)

Education

Colleges and universities

Professional sports teams

Despite having over eight million people, the disbursement of North Carolina's population over three major metropolitan areas left the state unable to attract any major professional sports league teams until recently. North Carolina remains without a Major League Baseball team despite numerous efforts to attract a team to the state. Although more populous New Jersey also does not have an MLB team, North Carolina is the most populous state without a team from each of the major leagues either within or very close to the state's borders.

Miscellaneous information


- North Carolina state symbols
- North Carolina Award
- List of individuals executed in North Carolina
- List of television stations in North Carolina
- List of radio stations in North Carolina
- List of famous North Carolinians

See also


- North Carolina communities
- North Carolina subcategories
- Order of the Long Leaf Pine

External links


- [http://www.ncgov.com North Carolina government]
- [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/37000.html US Census Bureau]
- [http://www.bluenc.com BlueNC] Multi-author blog about progressive politics in North Carolina.
- Category:States of the United States ko:노스캐롤라이나 주 ja:ノースカロライナ州

Columbia, South Carolina

Columbia is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2000 Census, it has a population of 116,278. It is the county seat of Richland County, but a small portion of the city is located in Lexington County. The estimated population for the then two-county metropolitan area (Richland and Lexington) was 516,251 in 1999. In June 2003 the United States Census Bureau added four more counties — Fairfield, Calhoun, Kershaw, and Saluda — to Columbia's standard metropolitan statistical area. This boosted the metropolitan area's population to 679,456 — the 71st largest metropolitan statistical area in the nation and the largest in South Carolina. The 2004 estimated Columbia-Newberry consolidated statistical area population is 716,665. Columbia's daily newspaper is [http://www.thestate.com The State] and its alternative newspapers include [http://www.columbiametro.com Columbia Metropolita Magazine], [http://www.thecolumbiastar.com The Columbia Star], [http://www.free-times.com/ The Free Times], and the [http://www.scblackmedia.com/ SC Black News]. Columbia is home to the headquarters and production facilities of ETV (and ETV Radio), the state's public television and public radio networks. The city and its surroundings are served by Columbia Metropolitan Airport. Major highways serving Columbia include I-26, I-77, I-20, I-126, U.S. 1, U.S. 21, U.S. 176, U.S. 321, and U.S. 378. Columbia is home to the Columbia Inferno of the ECHL.

History

ECHL For nearly a century before the creation of Columbia by the General Assembly in 1786, the site of Columbia was important to the overall development of the state. The Congarees, a frontier fort on the west bank of the Congaree River, was the head of navigation in the Santee River system. A ferry was established by the colonial government in 1754 to connect the fort with the growing settlements on the higher ground on the east bank. State Senator John Lewis Gervais of Ninety Six introduced a bill that was approved by the legislature on March 22, 1786 to create a new state capital. There was considerable argument over the name for the new city. One legislator insisted on the name Washington, but Columbia won out by a vote of 11-7 in the state Senate. The site was chosen as the new state capital in 1786, due to its central location in the state. State legislature first met there in 1790. After remaining under the direct government of the legislature for the first two decades of its existence, Columbia was incorporated as a village in 1805 and then as a city in 1854. Columbia received a large stimulus to development when it was connected in a direct water route to Charleston, by the Santee Canal. This canal connected the Santee and Cooper Rivers in a 22-mile section. It was first chartered in 1786 and completed in 1800, making it one of the earliest canals in the United States. With increased railroad traffic, it ceased operation around 1850. The commissioners designed a town of 400 Blocks in a two-mile square along the river. The blocks were divided into half-acre lots and sold to speculators and prospective residents. Buyers had to build a house at least 30 feet long and 18 feet wide within three years or face an annual 5 percent penalty. The perimeter streets and two through streets were 150 feet wide. The remaining squares were divided by thoroughfares 100 feet wide. The width was determined by the belief that the dangerous and pesky mosquitoes could not fly more than 60 feet without dying of starvation along the way. Columbians still enjoy most of the magnificent network of wide streets. The commissioners comprised the local government until 1797 when a Commission of Streets and Markets was created by the General Assembly. Three main issues occupied most of their time: public drunkenness, gambling and poor sanitation. As the second planned city in the United States, Columbia began to grow rapidly. Its population was nearing 1,000 shortly after the turn of the century. Columbia received its first charter as a town in 1805. An intendent and six wardens would govern the town. John Taylor was the first elected intendent. He later served in both houses of the General Assembly, both houses of Congress and eventually as governor of the state. By 1816, there were 250 homes in the town and a population over 1,000. Columbia became chartered as a city in 1854, with an elected mayor and six aldermen. Two years later, they had a police force consisting of a full-time chief and nine patrolmen. The city continued to grow at a rapid pace. On February 17, 1865, during the American Civil War, much of Columbia was destroyed by fire while being occupied by Union troops under the command of General William Tecumseh Sherman. Controversy surrounding the burning of the city started soon after the war ended. General Sherman blamed the high winds and retreating Confederate soldiers for firing bales of cotton, which had been stacked in the streets. General Sherman denied ordering the burning, though he did order militarily significant structures, such as the Confederate Printing Plant, destroyed. First-hand accounts by local residents, Union soldiers and a newspaper reporter offer a sinister tale of revenge by Union troops for Columbia's and South Carolina's pivotal role in leading Southern states to secede from the Union. Today, tourists can follow the path General Sherman's army took to enter the city and see structures or remnants of structures that survived the fire. William Tecumseh Sherman Columbia had no paved streets until 1908, when 17 blocks of Main Street were surfaced. There were, however, 115 publicly maintained street crossings at intersections to keep pedestrians from having to wade through a sea of mud between wooden sidewalks. As an experiment, Washington Street was once paved with wooden blocks. This proved to be the source of much local amusement when they buckled and floated away during heavy rains. The blocks were replaced with asphalt paving in 1925. The first paid firemen were hired in 1903. A car was purchased for the chief that same year, evidently the first vehicle owned by the city. In 1934, the federal courthouse at Main and Laurel was purchased by the city for use as City Hall. Built of granite from nearby Winnsboro, Columbia City Hall is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Designed by Alfred Bult Millet, President Ulysses S. Grant's federal architect, the building was completed in 1876. Mullet, best known for his design of the Executive Office Building in Washington, D.C., had originally designed the building with a clock tower. Large cost overruns probably caused it to be left out. Copies of Mullet's original drawings can be seen on the walls of City Hall alongside historic photos of Columbia's beginnings.

Geography

Columbia is located at 34°1'1" North, 81°0'38" West (34.017105, -81.010759)1. Autumn, winter and spring are mild, with occasional winter nights below freezing but rarely extended cold. The city is at its most beautiful in the spring when masses of azaleas and other spring flowers bloom. Summers can be very hot, and the city, like other cities of the southeast, is prone to atmospheric inversions, which trap ozone and other pollutants over the area. One of Columbia's most interesting geographical features is its fall line, which is a boundary between an upland region and a coastal plain across which rivers from the upland region drop to the plain as falls or rapids. Columbia grew up at the fall line of the Congaree River which was the farthest inland point of river navigation. The energy of falling water also powered Columbia's early mills. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 330.8 km² (127.7 mi²). 324.3 km² (125.2 mi²) of it is land and 6.4 km² (2.5 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.95% water.

Colleges and universities

mi² Columbia is home to the main campus of the state's flagship university, the University of South Carolina, which was chartered in 1801 as South Carolina College and in 1906 as the University of South Carolina. The university has 350 degree programs and enrolls more than 25,500 students throughout 15 degree-granting colleges and schools. It is an urban university, located in downtown Columbia. The school has a world-renowned international business program, ranking No. 1 in the nation for its undergraduate international business program and No. 2 for its graduate international business program in the 2006 U.S. News & World Report college and graduate school guides. Columbia is also home to:
- Benedict College - Founded in 1870, Benedict is an independent co-educational college. Benedict is one of the fastest growing of the 39 United Negro College Fund schools. In addition to an increase in enrollment, Benedict has also seen an increase in average SAT scores, Honors College enrollee rates, capital giving dollars, and the number of research grants awarded.
- Columbia College - Founded in 1854, Columbia College is a private, four-year, liberal arts college for women with a coeducational Evening College and Graduate School. The College has been ranked since 1994 by U.S. News & World Report as one of the top ten regional liberal arts colleges in the South.
- Allen University - Allen University was founded in 1870 by the African Methodist Episcopal Church. It has a distinguished history and is widely recognized for its development of African-Americans who have made significant achievements and contributions in varied areas of specialization, nationally and internationally.
- Columbia International University - Columbia International University is a biblically based, private Christian institution committed to preparing men and women to know Christ and to make him known. Founded in 1923, CIU is recognized as having one of the leading ministry training programs in the world.
- Midlands Technical College - Midlands Tech is part of the nation's most renowned technical education system. It is a two-year, comprehensive, public, community college, offering a wide variety of programs in career education, four-year college-transfer options, and continuing education. Small classes, individualized instruction, and student support services are provided. Most of the college's teaching faculty holds masters and doctoral degrees.
- [http://www.ltss.edu/ Lutheran Theological Southern Seminary] - This institution, founded in 1830, is a seminary of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. One of the oldest Lutheran seminaries in North America, Southern is a fully accredited graduate school of theology preparing women and men for the ordained and lay ministries of the church. The beautiful wooded 17-acre campus is situated atop Seminary Ridge in Columbia, highest point in the Midlands area (midstate), near the center of South Carolina's capital city.

Downtown revitalization

Midlands Midlands In recent years, Columbia has been experiencing a downtown renaissance that shows no signs of slowing down in the near future. The most impressive redevelopment has occurred in the [http://www.vistacolumbia.com/ historic Congaree Vista], a 1200-acre district in the heart of the city. This historic area features a high concentration of historic buildings, which have been rehabilitated with contemporary flair. Of note is the adaptive reuse of the Confederate Printing Plant, which was used to print Confederate money, bonds, and handbills during the American Civil War, into a Publix grocery store, making Columbia one of only three cities in the Carolinas to have a downtown full-service grocery store. The grocery store garnered Columbia the 2005 Special Achievement Award for Economic Development from the International Downtown Association. Restaurants and bars, art galleries and museums, unique shops and professional office space, sporting arenas and entertainment venues add up to make the Congaree Vista popular with area residents and visitors. The Colonial Center is the largest arena in the state and is home to the University of South Carolina's men's and women's basketball teams. Another significant asset in the Vista is the Columbia Metropolitan Convention Center, which opened in mid-2004. This state of the art facility contains nearly 150,000 square feet of exhibit, classroom and ballroom space, and has brought much new convention and meeting business to the Vista area, even exceeding the expectations of city leaders in its first year of operation. Construction on a new Hilton convention center hotel is underway, along with an 800 space parking garage. A significant portion of the Three Rivers Greenway is located in the Congaree Vista, and the University of South Carolina's [http://www.sc.edu/research/ Innovista Research Campus] will stretch across the historic district on over 200 acres. Main Street, Lady Street, and the [http://www.fivepointscolumbia.com Five Points] neighborhood are all undergoing beautification projects, conducted block by block, replacing curbs and gutters, adding brick pavers for sidewalks, angled parking, new street lights, plantings and site furnishings. Special efforts have been aimed at Main Street, which was once the center of the city's activity but suffered decline, like many other cities, due to retailers and shoppers moving out to suburban malls. The goal is to re-establish Main Street as a vibrant commercial and residential corridor. Thus far, efforts have been successful. The Meridian building, a 17-story $62 million office tower was completed in 2004 and [http://firstcitizensonline.com/ First Citizens] bank, which is the second-largest bank in the state, is in the process of completing a new $40 million, 170,000 square foot headquarters tower on Main Street. The historic Palmetto Building, also on Main Street, is presently undergoing renovations, preparing to become a five-star Sheraton hotel. Along with recent residential development, Main Street is beginning to enjoy a renewed surge in popularity in Columbia. The Congaree Vista district and Main Street aren't the only areas in downtown benefiting from new residential development. The 178-acre former state mental hospital’s central campus, located on Bull Street, is the last and largest tract of land to come available in urban Columbia in decades. The state of South Carolina has plans to sell the site--which represents a huge opportunity for the city of Columbia. The vision is a hallmark of new urbanism, the architectural movement that focuses on higher-density residential development interspersed with green space, offices and retail. For this future development, 1,300 residential units and 500,000 square feet of retail and office space are planned. The new Bull Street neighborhood also would feature a “town center” of stores and shops near its main entrance at Bull Street and Elmwood Avenue. This project is expected to have a rather significant economic impact on the city of Columbia--something unlike the city has seen within the past 50 years, according to the [http://www.cccfsc.org Central Carolina Community Foundation]’s Bull Street Committee, which will oversee the project.

Economy

new urbanism Columbia has quite a diversified economy, with the major employers in the area being South Carolina state government, the [http://www.palmettohealth.org/ Palmetto Health] hospital system, [http://www.southcarolinablues.com/bcbs/bcbs_redo.nsf Blue Cross Blue Shield of SC], and the University of South Carolina. Columbia is also home to the headquarters of [http://www.scana.com SCANA], a Fortune 500 company which supplies energy to the Carolinas. Other major employers in the Columbia area include Fort Jackson, the U.S. Army's largest training installation, [http://www.richlandone.org/ Richland School District One], Humana/TriCare, and the United Parcel Service, which operates its Southeastern Regional Hub at the Columbia Metropolitan Airport. Major manufacturers such as Square D, SMI Steel, Spirax Sarco, Michelin, International Paper, Pirelli Cables, Honeywell, Westinghouse Electric, Harsco Track Tech, Trane Intertape Polymer Group, Union Switch & Signal, Solectron, and Bose Corporation Technology have facilities in Columbia. The business climate in the Columbia region is a very solid one. There are over 70 foreign affiliated companies and fourteen Fortune 500 companies in the region. [http://www.coloniallife.com/home/ Colonial Life Supplemental Insurance], the second-largest supplemental insurance company in the nation, is headquartered in Columbia. Columbia also serves as the home of [http://www.siemensvdo.com/aboutus/ Siemens VDO Automotive Powertrain Diesel Systems North America] headquarters, which is a leading international automotive supplier of electronics and mechatronics. [http://www.firstcitizensonline.com First Citizens] bank, the second largest bank in the state, is currently in the process of constructing a new headquarters tower downtown. Columbia's economy is set to be revolutionized within the next few years with the establishment of the University of South Carolina's research campus, dubbed [http://www.sc.edu/research/innovista/ Innovista]. Spreading out over 200 acres in the historic Congaree Vista district downtown and combining 5 million square feet of research labs, office space, mixed-use retail and affordable residential housing, research will be aimed at the emerging technologies and intellectual clusters—biomedical, environmental, nanotechnology, and future fuels—that companies will find extremely valuable in the global economy. Phase I of the campus is presently under construction and is slated to be completed in late 2007 or early 2008. Many reputable publications and institutes recognize the strength and potential of the city's economy. [http://www.entrepreneur.com Entrepreneur.com, Inc.] listed Columbia 8th of 50 mid-sized metropolitan areas nationwide in its Entrepreneur and NPRC's [http://www.entrepreneur.com/bestcities/0,5271,498-Midsize,00.html 2005 Hot Cities for Entrepreneurs] rankings. [http://www.expansionmanagement.com Expansion Management], a high profile company dedicated to helping companies evaluate future locations, recently named Columbia as one of America's top business opportunity metros out of 70 metropolitan areas nationwide. The company also ranked Columbia 21st in its "America's 50 Hottest Cities" list for business expansions and relocations. POLICOM, a company that specializes in studying the dynamics of local economies, ranked the Columbia metropolitan region 54th of the 361 U.S. Census Bureau-designated metropolitan statistical areas nationwide in its 2004 [http://www.policom.com/EconomicStrength2004.pdf economic strength rankings]. In [http://www.forbes.com/2005/05/05/05bestplaces.html Forbes] 2005 "Best Places for Business and Careers" list, Columbia ranked 68th of 150 metropolitan areas over 345,000.

People and culture

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there are 116,278 people in the city proper, organized into 42,245 households, and 22,136 families. The population density is 358.5/km² (928.6/mi²). There are 46,142 housing units at an average density of 142.3/km² (368.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 49.22% White, 45.98% Black or African American, 1.73% Asian, 0.25% Native American, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.36% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. 3.03% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are two synagagues in Columbia which are located within a few hundred yards of each other on the same street. At last count, there are 661 places of worship in the city. 42,245 households out of which 25.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.5% are married couples living together, 17.6% have a female householder with no husband present, and 47.6% are classified as "nonfamilies", which consist of persons living alone, roommate situations, and other non-traditional families. 37.0% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.21 and the average family size is 2.97. In the city the population is spread out with 20.1% under the age of 18, 22.9% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 16.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 29 years. For every 100 females there are 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 93.4 males. Some notable Columbians include; Julian Harris, Trevor Weatherhead, Jay Knisley, and Brian Bellinger.

Neighborhoods

married couples
- [http://www.columbiadevelopment.org/arsenal_cdc.asp?sub1=nd&sub2=ah Arsenal Hill]
- [http://www.midnet.sc.edu/cottontown/ Cottontown/Bellevue Historic District]
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/cofc_aac_neighborhood_earlewood.html Earlewood]
- [http://www.eauclairecommunity.com/ Eau Claire]
- [http://www.historicelmwoodpark.org/ Elmwood Park]
- [http://www.forest-hills.org/ Forest Hills]
- Granby Mill Village
- Heathwood
- [http://www.midnet.sc.edu/hrhna/ Hollywood-Rose Hill]
- [http://www.oldshandon.org/ Old Shandon]
- Olympia Mill Village
- [http://www.rosewoodcommunity.net/ Rosewood]
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/neighborhoods/sherwoodforest/sforest.htm Sherwood Forest]
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/una/una.htm University Hill]
- Wales Garden
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/neighborhood_waverly_home.htm Historic Waverly]
- Wheeler Hill
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/neighborhoods/yorkshire.htm Yorkshire]
- Northeast Columbia

Visual & performing arts, libraries, and museums

married couples married couples
- Town Theatre is the country's oldest community theatre in continuous use. Located a block from the University of South Carolina campus, its playhouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Since 1917, the theatre has produced plays and musicals of wide general appeal.
- Trustus Theatre is Columbia's professional theatre company. Founded 10 years ago, Trustus brought a new dimension to theatre in South Carolina's capital city. Patrons enjoy a relaxed Soho-style setting as they watch new shows directly from the stages of New York as well as classic shows rarely seen in Columbia.
- Columbia Marionette Theatre has the distinction of being the only free standing theatre in the nation devoted entirely to marionette arts. Young and old alike enjoy the one-of-a-kind marionette productions presented at the theatre.
- The South Carolina Shakespeare Company performs the plays of Shakespeare and other classical works throughout the state. Audiences are always full, proving the Bard's words remain as delightful today as they did centuries ago.
- The South Carolina State Museum is a comprehensive museum with exhibits in science, technology, history and the arts. It is the state's largest museum and one of the largest museums in the Southeast.
- The Columbia Museum of Art features changing exhibits throughout the year. Located at the corner of Hampton and Main Streets, the museum offers amazing art, lectures, films and guided tours.
- EdVenture is the South's largest children's museum. Its state-of-the-art facility is located next to the South Carolina State Museum on Gervais Street. This delightful museum allows children to explore and learn while having fun.
- McKissick Museum is located on the University of South Carolina campus. The museum features changing exhibitions of art, science, regional history and folk art.
- The Confederate Relic Room and Museum showcases a relic collection from the Colonial period to the space age. The museum houses a wonderful collection of relics from the South Carolina confederate period.
- The Richland County Public Library, named the 2001 National Library of the Year, serves area citizens through its main library and nine branches. The spectacular 242,000 square foot main library has an outstanding book collection, provides reference services, utilizes innovative technology, houses a wonderful children's collection and displays distinct artwork.
- The South Carolina State Library provides library services to all citizens of South Carolina through the interlibrary loan service utilized by the public libraries located in each county. Individuals are also welcome to visit the State Library to use materials from the collection.
- The Columbia City Ballet is Columbia's internationally renowned ballet. Artistic Director William Starrett, formerly of the New York City Ballet, runs the company. The Columbia City Ballet specializes in top quality productions, including a Columbia favorite, Dracula.
- The South Carolina Philharmonic Orchestra is Columbia's resident orchestra. Under the direction of Maestro Nicholas Smith, the Philharmonic produces a full season of outstanding orchestral performances each year. World-renowned musicians come to Columbia to perform as guest artists with the orchestra.
- The Columbia City Jazz Company operates under the auspices of the Columbia City Ballet. Despite being a young company, Columbia City Jazz has already made themselves well known locally and regionally through exhibitions at competitions and community functions.
- The South Carolina Symphonic Chorale has been performing throughout the community since 1930. Under the direction of Dr. Timothy Koch, the group strives to stimulate and broaden interest in musical activities and to actively engage in the rehearsal and rendition of choral music.

Parks and outdoor recreational opportunities

Dracula Dracula One of the best known parks in the state of South Carolina, Finlay Park has hosted just about everything from festivals and political rallies to road races and Easter Sunrise services. This beautiful 18-acre park has had two lives; first dedicated in 1859 as Sidney Park, named in honor of Algernon Sidney Johnson, a Columbia City Councilman, the park experienced an illustrious but short tenure. The park fell into disrepair after the Civil War and served as a site for commercial ventures until the late 1900's. In 1990, the park was reopened and has become a beautiful diamond in the downtown area, offering a green oasis in contrast to the glass, asphalt and concrete in the urban environment. It serves as the site for such events as Kids Day, The Summer Concert Series, plus many more activities. In 1992, the park was renamed Finlay Park, in honor of Kirkman Finlay, Mayor of Columbia who had a vision to reenergize the area known as the Vista, between Main Street and the river, and recreate the beautiful site known as Sidney Park. Granby Park opened in November 1998 as a gateway to the rivers of Columbia, adding another access to the many river activities available to residents. Granby is part of the Three Rivers Greenway, a system of green spaces along the banks of the rivers in Columbia, adding another piece to the long-range plan and eventually connecting to the existing Riverfront Park . Granby is a 24 acre linear park with canoe access points, fishing spots, bridges and 1/2 mile of nature trail along the banks of the Congaree River. Memorial Park is a four-acre tract of land in the Congaree Vista between Main Street and the river. The property is bordered by Hampton, Gadsden , Washington and Wayne Streets and is one block south of Finlay Park. This park was created to serve as a memorial to those who served their county and presently has monuments honoring the USS Columbia warship and those that served with her during WWII, the China-Burma-India Theater Veterans of WWII, causalities of the Pearl Harbor attack of December 7, 1941 who were from South Carolina, and the State Vietnam War Veterans. The park was dedicated in November 1986 along with the unveiling of the South Carolina Vietnam Monument . In June 2000, the Korean War Memorial was dedicated at Memorial Park. In the [http://www.fivepointscolumbia.com/ Five Points] district of downtown Columbia is the park dedicated to the legacy and memory of one of the major civil rights leaders in America, Martin Luther King Jr. Park. The park features a beautiful water sculpture and a community center. One of Columbia's greatest assets is Riverbanks Zoo & Garden. Riverbanks is home to more than 2,000 magnificent and fascinating animals and one of the nation's most beautiful and inspiring botanical gardens. The lush 170-acre site features dynamic natural habitat exhibits, scenic river views, spectacular valley overlooks and significant historic landmarks. For more than 30 years, Riverbanks has provided individuals, families and groups with a common place to connect with and learn about the world's wildlife and wild places. Twice awarded the Governor's Cup for South Carolina's Most Outstanding Tourist Attraction, Riverbanks is the premier family choice for education and recreation in the Southeast. Situated along the meandering Congaree River in central South Carolina, Congaree National Park is home to champion trees, primeval forest landscapes, and diverse plant and animal life. This 22,200-acre park protects the largest contiguous tract of old-growth bottomland hardwood forest remaining in the United States. Known for its giant hardwoods and towering pines, the park’s floodplain forest includes one of the highest canopies in the world and some of the tallest trees in the eastern United States. Congaree National Park provides a sanctuary for plants and animals, a research site for scientists, and a place for you to walk and relax in a tranquil wilderness setting. In November 1996, the [http://www.riveralliance.org/3rg.htm River Alliance] proposed that a 12-mile linear park system be created to link people to their rivers. This was named the Three Rivers Greenway, and the $18 million estimated cost was agreed to by member governments (the cities of Cayce, Columbia, and West Columbia) with the proviso that the Alliance recommend an acceptable funding strategy. While the funding process was underway, an existing City of Columbia site located on the Congaree River offered an opportunity to be a pilot project for the Three Rivers Greenway. The Alliance was asked to design and permit for construction by a general contractor this component. This approximately one-half mile segment of the system was opened in November 1998. It is complete with 8-foot wide concrete pathways, vandal-proof lighting, trash receptacles, water fountains, picnic benches, overlooks, bank fishing access, canoe/kayak access, a public restroom and parking. These set the standards for the common elements in the rest of the system. Eventually, pathways will run from Granby to the Riverbanks Zoo. Boaters, sportsmen, fishermen will have access to the area, and additional recreational uses are being planned along the miles of riverfront.

Festivals


- [http://www.scstatefair.org The South Carolina State Fair] is held annually in Columbia in the month of October. Rides, food and games attract local and widespread attendants. Exhibits featuring art, crafts, flowers and livestock cover the fairgrounds.
- St. Patrick’s Day Festival in Five Points is certainly a Columbia favorite. Held each March, this event features live bands, arts and crafts and a smorgasbord of tasty delights.
- Riverfest Celebration is an annual festival held in early spring. The celebration includes a 5K River Run, musical entertainment, arts and crafts and food vendors.
- Earth Day at Finaly Park is held each spring. This event brings together environmental booths and vendors as well as traditional festival favorites.
- [http://www.3riversmusicfestival.org/board.htm Three Rivers Music Festival] is a three-day event that provides a wide array of national and regional musical acts. The festival also offers a variety of foods and beverages to enjoy while listening to the music.
- The Greek Festival is held annually in September at the Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church in Columbia. Traditional Greek dances, ceremonies, music, theatre, food and beverages are all part of this four-day festival.
- The Irmo Okra Strut is a two-day festival held during the last weekend in September. The festival features a street dance, 10K road race, golf tournament, arts and crafts, rides, food and South Carolina’s largest festival parade.
- Main Street Jazz brings world-renowned performers to Columbia each spring. Elegant dining is available on Main Street to compliment the music of some of the world’s greatest jazz musicians.
- Vista Lights is held each year in Mid-November. Open house walking tours and receptions, entertainment by local musicians and carriage rides through Columbia’s antique district are all highlights of this festival.
- Jubilee: Festival of Heritage is a one-day event held at the historic Mann-Sims Cottage to recognize African-American heritage. The festival includes arts and crafts, storytelling and music and dance performances.

Venues

Congaree River Congaree River The Colonial Center, which opened in 2002, is South Carolina's premiere arena and entertainment facility. Seating 18,000 for college basketball, it is the largest arena in the state of South Carolina and the tenth largest on-campus basketball facility in the nation, serving as the home of the men's and women's USC Gamecocks basketball teams. Located on the University of South Carolina campus, this one-of-a-kind facility features 41 suites, four entertainment suites, and the Frank McGuire Club, a full-service hospitality room that will have a capacity of 300. The state-of-the-art facility also features plush seating, a technologically advanced sound system, and a four-sided video scoreboard. The Columbia Metropolitan Convention Center, which opened in September 2004, is a 142,500 square foot, modern, state-of-the-art facility designed to host a variety of meetings and conventions. Located in the historic Congaree Vista district, this facility is close to restaurants, antique and specialty shops, art galleries, and a vibrant nightlife. The main exhibit hall contains almost 25,000 square feet of space; the Columbia Ballroom over 18,000 square feet; and the five meeting rooms ranging in size from 1500 to 4000 square feet add another 15,000 square feet of space. The facility is located next to the Colonial Center. Williams-Brice Stadium is the home of the USC Gamecocks football team and is one of the largest college football stadiums in the nation. It seats 80,250 persons and is located just south of downtown Columbia. The stadium was built in 1934 with help of federal Works Progress Administration funds and initially seated 17,600. The original name was Carolina Stadium but on September 9, 1972 it was renamed to honor the families Williams and Brice. Mrs. Martha Williams-Brice had left much of her estate to the University for stadium renovations and expansions. Her late husband, Thomas H. Brice played football for the University from 1922 to 1924. The Koger Center for the Arts provides Columbia with theatre, music and dance performances from around the world. The facility seats 2,500 persons. The center is named for philanthropists Ira and Nancy Koger, who made a substantial donation from personal and corporate funds for construction of the $15 million center. The first performance at the Koger Center was given by the London Philharmonic Orchestra and took place on Saturday, January 14, 1989. The facility is known for hosting diverse events, from The State of the State Address to the South Carolina Body Building Championship, and the South Carolina Science Fair. [http://coliseum.sc.edu/main.asp The Carolina Coliseum], which opened in 1968, is a 12,400-seat facility which initially served as the home of the USC Gamecocks basketball teams. The arena is also easily adapted to serve other entertainment purposes, including concerts, car shows, circuses, ice shows, and other popular events. The versatility and quality of the Coliseum also have allowed the University to use the facility for performing arts events such as the Boston Pops, Chicago Symphony, Feld Ballet and other performances by important artists. An acoustical shell and a state-of-the-art lighting system assist the Coliseum in presenting such activities. The Township Auditorium seats 3,200 persons and is located in downtown Columbia. It hosts a variety of events, including plays, concerts, musicals, and many other types of shows.

Sister cities

Currently, the city of Columbia has four sister cities:
- Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Chelyabinsk, Russia

External links


- [http://www.columbiasc.net City of Columbia]
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/cofc_pd.html Columbia Police Department]
- [http://www.columbiasc.net/fire/ Columbia Fire Department]
- [http://www.columbiacvb.com Columbia Metropolitan Convention & Visitors Bureau]
- [http://www.gcbn.com Greater Columbia Chamber of Commerce]
- [http://www.citycentercolumbia.sc Downtown Columbia City Center]
- [http://www.columbiadevelopment.org Columbia Development Corporation]
- [http://www.makeovercolumbia.com Makeover Columbia]
- [http://www.vistacolumbia.com The Congaree Vista District]
- [http://www.mostlivable.org/cities/columbia/home.html Columbia, SC: One of America's Most Livable Communities] Category:Cities in South Carolina Category:Richland County, South Carolina Category:U.S. state capitals

Category:United States Highway system

Main articles: U.S. Highway system and National Highway System Note: this is a separate system from the Interstate Highway system Highway system

Hisashi Imai

Hisashi Imai (今井寿, Imai Hisashi, born October 21, 1965 in Gunma Prefecture) is the lead guitarist and founding member of the Japanese rock band Buck-Tick.

About

Imai Hisashi is a popular guitarist within the Japanese rock scene and has performed in musical side-projects such as 'Schaft'(1991-1994), 'Schwein'(2001) and more recently 'Lucy'(2004).
Schaft
Buck-Tick The two musician friends (Hisashi Imai and Maki Fujii) collaborated for a song in 1991 and a few live shows. The enjoyed it so much they went on to do an album. For the album, Fujii recruited his friend Raymond Watts, whom is known for his solo work as Pig and collaborations with such artists as KMFDM. Fujii was able to get many guest musicians to work with Schaft. On August 9, 1993 a five date tour called "LSB" began. This featured the bands Luna Sea, Soft Ballet, Buck-Tick, and sometimes Schaft (w/o Raymond Watts?). Schaft went on to play a few shows in Tokyo and Osaka with Raymond Watts and Motokatsu (The Mad Capsule Markets) guesting on drums. Other musicians that appeared on the album appeared on stage via pre-recorded tape. Schaft released 2 albums. Switchblade on September 21, 1994 and Switch Remix on October 21, 1994 along with a VHS live video Switchblade Visual Mix on December 16, 1994.
Schwein
December 16 Schwein is a music group consisting of members of KMFDM, P.I.G. and BUCK-TICK. Members Imai Hisashi and Raymond Watts, both having worked together with Schaft, were joined by Sakurai Atsushi(vocalist) of BUCK-TICK and Sascha Konietzko of KMFDM. In 2001 Schwein released an album, Schweinstein followed by a remix EP Son Of Schweinstein. Schwein toured Japan in the summer of 2001, however Konietzko did not tour with them citing illness, though also stating he was absent so he could focus on KMFDM.
Lucy
This more recent project Lucy was another side-project led by Imai Hisashi. This project involved guitarist Kiyoshi (ex.spread beaver, machine) and drummer Katsushige Okazaki from Japanese band (Age of Punk). They toured at clubs throughout Japan in the Summer of 2004 and released an album named "Rockarollica" and a live DVD called "Lucy Show - Shout, Speed, Shake Your ROCKAROLLICA".

External links


- [http://www.buck-tick.com Buck Tick]
- [http://www.lucy.co.jp Lucy]
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