László Rajk

László Rajk Background László Rajk was born in 1909 and lived until he was executed there in 1949. His ties to communism began at an early age when he became a member of the Hungarian Communist Party. He was expelled from his university for his political ideas and would become a building worker until he joined the Popular Front in 1936 and helped defend them in the Spanish Civil War. He was imprisoned for his activities in France until he was finally able to return to Hungary in 1941. He then returned to Hungary where he became Secretary of the Communist Party Central Committee, an underground communist movement but was again imprisoned until the Soviet military entered Hungary. Once the Hungarian Communists were given control of the internal security forces by the Soviet military, László, now minister of the interior, became directly responsible for the Hungarian Communist Party's private army, the AVO. The Hungarian Communist Party, led by Mátyás Rákosi, now held control of the government by 1948 and Rajk was promoted to foreign minister. Rákosi, who saw Rajk as a threat to his power, decided to accuse Rajk of false charges and had him arrested in 1949. Trial László Rajk was accused of being a “Titoist Spy”, an ambassador for western imperialism and one who planned on restoring capitalism and jeopardizing Hungary's independence. During his time in prison, Rajk was tortured unmercifully and was promised that he would be granted an acquittal if he took responsibility for the charges brought against him. Rajk was thus persuaded to take the agreement laid before him and in September 1949, he confessed to all the charges brought against him. It was after his confession that Rajk learned the grim truth; the prosecution was calling for the heaviest of sentences to be brought down upon him and the other eighteen men who stood trial with him. Rajk was to be made an example for the beginning of Stalin's anti-Titoist purges. Rajk, along with the other eighteen men, was sentenced to execution and his trial would mark one of the most ruthless events in Hungarian history until the purge trials of Rudolf Slánsky and others began to get underway in 1952. Reburial and Atonement The Rajk trial marked the beginning of the anti-Titosit drive movement that Stalin was implementing to doing anything that he could to remove power from the Yugoslav leader. His trial also marked the beginning of the elimination of all political parties that served as a distraction to the dictators of the time, including the communist party. The purges, however, left the economy in a heavily disastrous state where not enough inflow of capital could suffice the building projects that were underway. Also, a vast number of the intelligentsia became employed to the manual labor duties usually reserved for skilled professionals. The result left the country with inadequate infrastructure and unsatisfactory manufactured goods. The government was providing too many men to search for spies within the country and not enough to perform the productive work to sustain the economy. Dissatisfaction with Rákosi's rule began to surface and on the 28 of March 1956, after a number of vast demonstrations; Rajk became rehabilitated and was no longer referred to as a “non-person”. The rehabilitation speech, even though it was not publicized, had vast consequences for Rákosi who had used the Rajk guilt as an explanation for the other purges that followed, now that he had to admit that he was indeed wrong would end up ruining Rákosi's rightful authority. The people then began to speak out against Rákosi saying that he had lost the peoples trust. Lászlo Rajk was then reburied along with three other men who lost their lives during the purges. The only lingering effect of the Lászlo trial was who was to be held responsible for the activities for the late 40s and early 50s. Many victims still have yet to have been identified following the purges including those who lost their government positions simply because they posed a threat to Rákosi's reign of power. Bibliography Crampton, R.J. Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century - And After, 2nd Ed. Routledge Press, 1994. Litvan, Gyorgy The Hungarian Revolution of 1956: Reform, Revolt, and Repression 1953-1963, Longman Publishing Group, 1996. Rajk, Laszlo, Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed. Columbia University Press, 2001. http://www.bartleby.com/65/ra/Rajk-LAS.html (1 Dec. 2005) Stokes, Gale (ed.) From Stalinism to Pluralism: a Documentary History of Eastern Europe since 1945, New York and Oxford University Press, 1991.

Partido Democrata Cristiano

Partido Democrata Cristiano. Chiles kristdemokratiska parti, som har haft 2 personer vid makten, efter demokratins återinförande. Kategori:Chilenska politiska partier Kategori:Kristdemokratiska partier

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