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| Villaba, Leyte |
Villaba, Leyte
Villaba is a 4th class municipality in the province of Leyte, Philippines. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 36,042 people in 7,787 households.
Barangays
Villaba is politically subdivided into 35 barangays.
- Abijao
- Balite
- Bugabuga
- Cabungahan
- Cabunga-an
- Cagnocot
- Cahigan
- Calbugos
- Camporog
- Capinyahan
- Casili-on
- Catagbacan
|
- Fatima (Pob.)
- Hibulangan
- Hinabuyan
- Iligay
- Jalas
- Jordan
- Libagong
- New Balanac
- Payao
- Poblacion Norte
- Poblacion Sur
- Sambulawan
|
- San Francisco
- Silad
- Sulpa
- Tabunok
- Tagbubunga
- Tinghub
- Bangcal
- Canquiason
- San Vicente
- Santa Cruz
- Suba
|
External links
- [http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/default.asp Philippine Standard Geographic Code]
- [http://www.t-macs.com/kiso/local/ 2000 Philippine Census Information]
Category:Municipalities of Leyte
Philippine MunicipalityA municipality (bayan, sometimes munisipalidad, in Filipino) is a local government unit in the Philippines. Provinces are composed of cities and municipalities. Municipalities, in turn, are composed of barangays. Municipalities are also called towns, which actually is a better translation of bayan.
A municipality is headed by a municipal mayor who is the executive officer. The legislature is composed of the vice-mayor (bise-mayor) and eight councilors (kagawad or konsehal). The eight councilors, plus the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) (Youth Council) President and the ABC President, forms the Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Council). All are elected public officials who serve terms of three years and maximum of three consecutive terms.
A municipality, upon reaching a certain size, may opt to become a city. First, a bill must be passed in Congress and signed into law by the President and then the residents would vote in the succeeding plebiscite to accept or reject cityhood. One benefit in being a city is that the city government gets more budget, but taxes are much higher, compared to municipalities.
Income classification
Municipalities are divided into income classes according to their average annual income during the last three calendar years:
See also
- List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines
External links
- [http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/articles/con_income.asp Income classification for municipalities]
Philippines
Municipality
Leyte province
Leyte is a province of the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is Tacloban City and occupies the northern three-quarters of the island of Leyte. Leyte is located west of Samar province, north of Southern Leyte and south of Biliran. To the west of Leyte across the Camotes Sea is the province of Cebu.
People and Culture
The people of Leyte are divided into two main groups, primarily by language. In the west and south are the cebuanos, while in the north and east are the waray-waray.
The cebuanos have ties with Cebu, the most populous province in the Visayas; the warays are more tied to Leyte and Samar.
Economy
The economy of Letye depends on agriculture. Rice is farmed in the lower flatter areas specifically those around Tacloban, while coconut farming, for coconut oil, and is the main cash crop of the more mountainous areas. Fishing is also a major source of livelihood among residents.
Geography
Political
Leyte is subdivided into 41 municipalities and 2 cities.
Ormoc City is an independent component city of Leyte. The city governs itself independent of the province and the residents do not vote for elective provincial officials, as stated in the city's charter.
Cities
- Ormoc City
- Tacloban City
Municipalities
Physical
History
The explorer Ruy López de Villalobos, first came to the island in 1543 and named it Las Islas Felipinas.
External links
- [http://www.leyte.org.ph/index.html Official Website of Leyte Province]
Category:Provinces of the Philippines
ja:レイテ州
Philippines
The Republic of the Philippines (Filipino: Republika ng Pilipinas), or the Philippines (Filipino: Pilipinas), is a nation in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital. It lies 1,210 km (750 mi) away from mainland Asia and consists of 7,107 islands called the Philippine Archipelago. It is also part of the Malay Archipelago.
It is, with East Timor, one of the two predominantly Catholic nations in Southeast Asia and one of the most westernized, a unique blend of East and West. Spain and the United States have held the Philippine Islands as a colony for most of the last four centuries. While still predominantly an agricultural nation, the Philippines today is a premier destination for outsourcing, an exporter of electronics and agricultural products, and is a major source of exported labor. Remittances from overseas Filipinos forms a significant portion of the country's gross national product.
The country's name originated with Ruy López de Villalobos naming both the islands of Samar and Leyte, Las Islas Felipinas after King Philip II of Spain during his failed expedition in 1543. The archipelago was known under various names such as Spanish East Indies, New Castille (Nueva Castilla), Western Islands (Islas del Poniente), the St. Lazarus Islands (Islas de San Lázaro) and others. Ultimately, Filipinas came to refer to the entire archipelago.
History
Archeological and paleontological evidence, prove that homo sapiens existed in Palawan probably about 50,000 years ago. These inhabitants are called the Tabon Man.
Thousands of years later, waves of Austronesian-speaking migrants - the ancestors of today's maintsream ethnic Filipinos - crossed from neighboring Indonesia and through Southern China via Taiwan. Ethnic Chinese merchants arrived in the 8th century.
Ferdinand Magellan first set foot in the archipelago in 1521. After establishing friendly relations with some local chieftains and converting them to Christianity, Magellan got into a conflict with one of the chieftains still hostile to him, Lapu-Lapu. In the ensuing battle, the Spaniards were defeated and Magellan killed, but one of his ships was able to return to Spain and bring the news about this new land. On April 27, 1565, the Spanish conquistador, Miguel López de Legazpi and 500 armed soldiers came to Cebu and established the first Spanish settlement on the islands.
Augustinians and Franciscans,followed later by the Jesuits, Dominicans, and Recollects, marched with soldiers from island to island, in search of native villages and people. The Spaniards soon established churches and forts, while searching for gold and spices. Roman Catholicism was introduced and embraced by the majority. Sporadic rebellions occurred from tribal groups in the highlands of north Luzon and coastal regions. Muslim belligerents maintained resistance in the southern islands of Mindanao. The Spanish military fought-off Chinese pirates, Japanese and Portuguese, Dutch and British forces, all of whom also had an interest in the Philippines.
The Philippines was ruled from New Spain (Mexico) until the openning of the Suez Canal and Mexican independence. A burgeoning Manila Galleon or Manila-Acapulco galleon trade began in the late 16th century.
In 1781, Governor José Basco y Vargas established the Economic Society of Friends of the Country. The Philippines was administered directly from Spain. Developments in and out of the country and the opening up of the Suez Canal in 1869, which helped cut travel time to Spain and helped bring new ideas to the Philippines. This prompted the rise of the ilustrados, or the enlightened Filipino upper middle class. Many young Filipinos were thus able to study in Europe.
Enlightened by the Propaganda Movement to the injustices of the Spanish colonial government and the frailocracy, they originally clamored for adequate representation to the Spanish Cortes and later for independence. José Rizal, the most celebrated intellectual (and most controversial ilustrado), was executed in 1896 for treason as Rizal was implicated in the outbreak of the Revolution. The Katipunan, or the "Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga anak ng Inang Bayan" was founded by Andrés Bonifacio as its Supremo or leader. It was a secret society for the sole purpose of overthrowing Spanish rule in the Philippines. However, the society was discovered by Fr. Mariano Gil who broke his vow of confession and reported to the Spanish authorities the confession of a parishioner who was a sister of a Katipunero.(Honoria Patinio, the sister of Teodoro Patinio) The Philippine Revolution broke out. The Katipunan, meanwhile, was split into two groups, Magdiwang led by Andrés Bonifacio, and Magdalo led by Emilio Aguinaldo. The revolution ended in a truce with the Pact of Biak na Bato, where the revolutionaries capitulated and agreed to exile themselves in Hong Kong.
The United States and Spain became involved in the Spanish-American war in 1898. Emilio Aguinaldo was then lured back to the Philippines with a supposed promise of independence similar to Cuba, which was fighting a war of independence. Thus, on June 12, 1898, with victory seemingly attainable, Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the revolutionaries, declared the independence of the Philippines in Kawit, Cavite. However, the Battle for Manila between Spain and the United States turned out to be a farce, which sought to exclude the Filipinos from the eventual occupation of Manila. Spain and the United States ignored the Filipino representative, Felipe Agoncillo, during their negotiations in the Treaty of Paris. Spain was forced in the negotiations to hand over Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico to the United States in exchange for US$20,000,000.00, which payment the United States later claimed to be a gift to Spain. The first Philippine Republic rebelled against the US occupation and this resulted in the Philippine-American War (1899-1913). It came under U.S. control and in 1935, its status was upgraded to that of a U.S. Commonwealth. Independence for the Philippines was finally granted on July 4, 1946, after the Japanese invasion and occupation of the islands during World War II.
The Philippines has faced some degree of economic and political instability after 1946. The restive Hukbalahaps, guerillas who fought against the Japanese during World War II, turned communistic in ideology. They organized clandestinely, mounted anti-government campaigns of sedition and open hostilities against government forces, and conducted terroristic activities, including kidnappings, massacres, assasinations, rapes and extorsion. They threatened the countryside, and subsequently the capital, Quezon City, and Manila in the '50's. The Huk threat was eventually broken with the surrender of Luis Taruc, the Huk Supremo, to a young reporter named Benigno Aquino Jr. (later elected as Senator), and Secretary of Defense Ramón Magsaysay, who would eventually become president. The late '60's and early '70's saw the rise of student activism, and anti-American demonstrations. Furthermore, a Constitutional Convention composed of elected delegates drafted a new constitution to replace the 1935 Constitution in a referendum. This period was marred by civil unrest and exposés on corruption until the declaration of martial law on September 21, 1972. The new constitution was subsequently enforced through somewhat questionable means, as challenges were made in the Supreme Court on the propriety of its ratification. This eventually culminated in the resignation of Chief Justice Roberto Concepción. The situation appeared to ebb until the later years when the authoritarian regime of President Ferdinand E. Marcos became marred with unmitigated, pervasive corruption and despotism, at which time public outcry and dissidence resurged to new highs.
In 1986, Marcos, his family and some cronies left the Philippines and went to exile to Hawaii, as Corazon Aquino, widow of assassinated Sen. Benigno Aquino, assumed the reins of government in the aftermath of a hotly-contested "snap elections". While some cite a return to democracy and governmental reform in the Post-Marcos era, systemic government corruption, continuing civil unrest and the activity of Communist insurgency and Muslim separatist movements continue to hamper economic productivity in the country. The country has seen two Presidential crises during this time, the most recent being the 2005 Philippine electoral crisis.
Politics and Government
The government of the Philippines is loosely patterned after the U.S. government. It is organized as a representative republic, where the President functions as head of state, the head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The president is elected by popular vote to a term of 6 years, during which he or she appoints and presides over the cabinet. The bicameral legislature, the Congress, consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives; members of the former are nationally elected and those of the latter by district. There are 24 senators serving 6 years in the Senate ( in staggered batches of 8 every 2 years, while the House of Representatives consists of no more than 250 congressmen each serving 4-year terms. The judiciary branch of the government is headed by the Supreme Court, which has a Chief Justice as its head and 14 Associate Justices, all of whom the President appoints from nominations submitted by the Judicial and Bar Council.
The Philippines is a founding and active member of the United Nations (UN) since its inception on October 24, 1945 and is a founding and prominent member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), an active player in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Latin Union and a member of the Group of 24. The Philippines is a major non-NATO ally of the United States, but also a member of the Non-Aligned Movement.
The Philippines is currently in a dispute with the Republic of China (Taiwan), the People's Republic of China, Vietnam and Malaysia over the oil- and natural gas-rich Spratly Islands and Scarborough Shoal, and with Malaysia over Sabah. The Sultan of Sulu, who received Sabah as a gift in 1703 after having helped the Sultan of Brunei defeat a rebellion, has given the Philippine Government power to reclaim his lost territory. To this day, the Sultan of Sulu's family still receives "rental" payments for Sabah from the Malaysian Government.
Geography
Sultan of Sulu
The Philippines constitutes an archipelago of 7,107 islands with a total land area of approximately 300,000 km². It lies between 116° 40' and 126° 34' E. longitude, and 4° 40' and 21° 10' N. latitude, and is bordered on the east by the Philippine Sea, on the west by the South China Sea, and on the south by the Celebes Sea. The island of Borneo lies a few hundred kilometers to the southwest and Taiwan directly north. The Moluccas and Celebes are farther south, and on the eastern side of the Philippine Sea is Palau.
The islands are commonly divided into three major groups: Luzon (Regions I to V, NCR & CAR), Visayas (VI to VIII), and Mindanao (IX to XIII & ARMM). The busy port of Manila, on Luzon, is the country's capital and second-largest city after Quezon City.
The local climate is hot, humid, and tropical. The average yearly temperature is around 26.5°C. There are three recognized seasons: Tag-init or Tag-araw (the hot season or summer from March to May), Tag-ulan (the rainy season from June to November), and Taglamig (the cold season from December to February). The southwest monsoon (May-October) is known as the "Habagat" and the dry winds of the northeast monsoon (November-April) as the "Amihan".
Most of the mountainous islands used to be covered in tropical rainforests and are volcanic in origin. The highest point is Mount Apo on Mindanao at 2,954 m. Many volcanoes in the country, such as Mayon Volcano, Mount Pinatubo ,and Taal Volcano are active. The country is also astride the typhoon belt of the Western Pacific and about 19 typhoons strike per year.
Lying on the northwestern fringes of the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines experiences frequent seismic and volcanic activities. Some 20 earthquakes are registered daily in the Philippines, though they are too weak to be felt.
Administrative divisions
:Main articles: Provinces of the Philippines, Regions of the Philippines
Regions of the Philippines
The Philippines is divided into a hierarchy of local government units (LGUs) with the province as the primary unit. There are 79 provinces in the country. Provinces are further subdivided into cities and municipalities, which are in turn composed of barangays. The barangay is the smallest local government unit.
The Philippines is divided into 17 regions with all provinces grouped into one of 16 regions for administrative convenience. The National Capital Region however, is divided into four special districts.
Most government offices establish regional offices to serve the constituent provinces. The regions themselves do not possess a separate local government, with the exception of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao which is autonomous.
Go to the articles on the regions and provinces to see a larger map showing the locations of the regions and provinces.
Regions
- Ilocos Region (Region I)
- Cagayan Valley (Region II)
- Central Luzon (Region III)
- CALABARZON (Region IV-A) ¹ ²
- MIMAROPA (Region IV-B) ¹ ²
- Bicol Region (Region V)
- Western Visayas (Region VI)
- Central Visayas (Region VII)
- Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)
- Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX)
- Northern Mindanao (Region X)
- Davao Region (Region XI)
- SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII) ¹
- Caraga (Region XIII)
- Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
- Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
- National Capital Region (NCR) (Metro Manila)
¹ Names are capitalized because they are acronyms, containing the names of the constituent provinces or cities (see Acronyms in the Philippines).
² These regions formed the former Southern Tagalog region, or Region IV.
Economy
The Philippines is classified as a Developing Country. Although agricultural in nature, light industry and services have made great inroads ino the country. The Philippines has a nominal GDP of 86,429, and ranked 46th out of 184 countries and 15th among Asian countries.
The country, often called as the New Tiger of Asia, deteriorated over the climax of the Asian financial crisis of 1998. This was coupled by rising prices, inflation, and poor weather conditions. Economic growth fell to 0.6% in 1998 from 5% in 1997, but recovered to about 3% in 1999 and 4% in 2000. The government has promised to continue its economic reforms to help match the pace of development in the newly industrialised countries of East Asia. Heavy debts (public debt at 77% of GDP), is hampering efforts to improve the economic situation. Budget allocation for servicing of debt is higher than the budget for the Department of Education and for the Military combined.
The government's strategy for an economic revamp includes improving infrastructure, overhauling the tax system to bolster government revenues, furthering deregulation and privatisation of the economy, and increasing trade integration with the region. Prospects for the future depend heavily on the economic performance of the two major trading partners, the United States and Japan, and a more accountable administration and consistent government policies.
In recent years, numerous call centers and business process outsourcing (BPO) firms have migrated to the Philippines generating thousands of jobs and improving their services with many clients, including Fortune 500 companies. The Philippines has one of the most vibrant BPO industries in Asia today. The Philippine Peso was hailed by Forbes as Asia's best performing currency for 2005. A new Expanded Value Added Tax (E-VAT) Law was instituted on November 1, 2005, a measure intended to cut the rising foreign debts of the Philippines and to improve government services such as education, health, social welfare, and road construction.
The Philippines is a member of the Asian Development Bank, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, as well as other international economic associations, such as theAsia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Colombo Plan, and the G-77.
Demographics
The Philippines is the world's twelfth most populous country, with a population of 86,241,697 as of 2005. Roughly two-thirds reside in the island of Luzon. Manila, the capital, is the eleventh most populous metropolitan area in the world. The educational system is efficient and based on the United States curriculum. The literacy rate is 95.9%, about equal for males and females. Life expectancy is 69.29 years, with 72.28 years for females and 66.44 years for males. Population growth per year is about 1.92%, with 26.3 births per 1000 people. In the 100 years since the 1903 Census, the population has grown by a factor of eleven. The country suffers from overpopulation due to a high birth rate.
The people of the Philippines are collectively known as Filipinos. Colloquially, Filipinos may refer to themselves as Pinoy (feminine: Pinay). According to current Philippine government and independant data, some 95% of the population are the descendants of the various Austronesian-speaking migrants who arrived in successive waves over a thousand years ago, settling throughout the entire archipelago. Filipinos are divided into 12 major linguistic groups, namely the the Tagalogs, Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Ilonggos, Bicolanos, Pampangos, Pangasinenses, Karay-as, Warays, Maranaos, Maguindanaos, and Tausugs, and then numerous other smaller groups. The Negritos or Aetas, also known as the aboriginal inhabitants of the Philippines, were largely displaced by the invading Austronesian-speaking migrants, and today number less than 30,000 people (0.03%). The Mestizo population (those of any mixed native and foreign ancestry) form a tiny (2%) but economically and politically important minority (a Stanford [http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2001_v68_p432.pdf genetic study], however, indicates that 3.6% of the population has at least some European ancestry).
The largest minority of foreign nationality groups in the country are the ethnic Chinese (3%). The remaining population consists of other smaller foreign nationality groups, including North Americans, Spaniards and other Europeans, Mexicans and other Latin Americans, Arabs, South Asians, Indonesians, Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese, and other Asian immigrants.
Because of the vast number of native ethnolinguistic groups, the Philippines is said to be one of the most ethnically diverse countries in Asia. In recent decades, the government has worked to make the country more culturally homogeneous. However, there has been notable resistance among the various ethno-linguistic groups trying to preserve their unique cultural and linguistic identities. These are a source of immense pride for many people within the Republic of the Philippines; many are against what are perceived as attempts by certain Filipino nationalists to erradicate cultural diversity in place of a homogenous, Tagalog-dominated "nationalistic" Filipino identity. A recent manifestation of this can be seen in the complaints of many provinces that "Imperial Manila" dominates, oppresses, and exploits the people and resources of the rest of the country.
Languages
More than 170 languages are spoken; almost all of them belong to the Western Malayo-Polynesian language group of the Austronesian language family. According to the 1987 Constitution, Tagalog-based Filipino and English are the official languages.
There are 12 native regional languages and are the auxiliary languages of their respective regions, each with over one million speakers: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray-Waray, Bikol, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Kinaray-a, Maranao, Maguindanao, and Tausug.
Other major foreign languages spoken include Spanish, Hokkien, Cantonese, Indonesian, Sindhi, Punjabi, Korean, and Arabic.
Religion
The Philippines is the fourth largest Roman Catholic country, the thirteenth largest Protestant country, the fortieth largest Islamic country, the seventh largest Hindu country, and the seventeenth largest Buddhist country.
92 % of all Filipinos are Christians. 83 % belong to the Roman Catholic Church.The other 9 % belonging to various Protestant denominations. Although Christianity is a major force in the culture of the Filipinos, many, however, still practice local traditions and rituals.
The Roman Catholic church exerts considerable influence in both governmental and non-governmental affairs, although a constitutional provision for the separation of Church and State exists. The Philippines currently has two cardinals, Ricardo Cardinal Vidal and Jose Cardinal Sanchez. The late Jaime Cardinal Sin was a leading spiritual leader in the country and was an active participant in People Power I and People Power II. He died on June 21, 2005. Cardinal Vidal is the archbishop of Cebu. Cardinal Sanchez is the former Prefect of Congregation of the Clergy, Roman Curia. Gaudencio Borbon Rosales serves as the archbishop of Manila. The most famous cathedral is the huge Manila Cathedral.
The various Protestant denominations are linked with North American churches and there is a significant presence of American missionaries. Two Filipino independent Christian churches were organized at the turn of the century and are prominent today. These are the Aglipay (Philippine Independent Church) and the Iglesia Ni Cristo (Church of Christ) founded in 1902 and 1914, respectively. The Eliseo Soriano-led Members Church of God International, more popularly known as the "Ang Dating Daan Group," is fast becoming a Christian denomination group in the country to watch, accounting for more than 2 million members worldwide.
5% of all Filipinos are Muslim. Most lowland Muslim Filipinos practice normative Islam, although the practices of some Mindanao's hilltribe Muslims reflect a fusion with Animism.
Culture
The culture of the Filipinos is influenced very much by the Spanish, Chinese, Mexican, American, Arabic, and Malaysian influences.
The Hispanic influences in the culture of the Philippines are largely derived from the culture of Mexico and the culture of Spain over three hundred years of colonial rule. Hispanic influences are most visible in the form of customs and practices related to the Catholic church, especially in religious festivals. Every year, Filipinos from around the country hold major festivities known as Barrio Fiesta which commemorate the patron saints of the town, villages and regional districts. The festival season is celebrated with church ceremonies, street parades in honor of the patron saints, fireworks, beauty and dance contests for generations of old and new, and cockfighting tournaments.
The Chinese influences in Filipino culture can be mostly seen in the domain of Filipino cuisine, which Chinese cuisine has totally penetrated. Noodles, known locally as mami, as well as other food, like meat dishes. Chinese influences are also obvious on the language side of culture.
American cultural influence in the Philippines can be seen by the widespread use of English, as well as in the keenness of Filipinos in sports. Although there are pre-existing native sports in the Philippines, the most known sport in the Philippines is basketball. Other notable sports in the Philippines include boxing, swimming, and Martial Arts. The Philippines has produced numerous notable and revered athletes including boxing champion Manny Pacquiao., billiard champion Efren Reyes, chess champion Eugene Torre. Professional Basketball players are also idolized, and the Philippines has many sports clubs. Another obvious influence of the Americans is the love for fastfoods. In the Philippines, many corners have fastfoods, and aside from the American giant players like McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Burger King, KFC, Kenny Rogers Roasters, Wendy's, Shakey's, Carl's Jr., native fastfood chains have also been started, such as Jollibee, Greenwich Pizza, Chowking, and Max's Fried Chicken, among such others. Hamburgers, hotdogs, and ice cream can be bought from almost anywhere, and a prepondernace of American culture and customs is overwhelming. Filipinos listen to the latest American music, dance to American steps, watch American movies, and idolize American actors and actresses. Aside from these, the Philippines also boasts of its shopping malls, which are one of the largest in the world. The SM Megamall in Mandaluyong City is the third largest mall in the world, spanning three cities.
Despite all of these influences, the Filipino still remains unique-a testimony to the living Filipino culture is the Jeepney, renovated relics of WWII, which are the standard mode of transportation in urban and rural areas. Filipinos honor national heroes whose works and deeds contributed to the shaping of Filipino nationalism. José Rizal is the most celebrated ilustrado, a visionary whose writings created a national identity and awareness. His novels Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, required readings for Filipino students, provide vignettes of colonial life under the Spanish rule. They give a sense of Filipino identity and historical continuity. Andrés Bonifacio founded the pro-independence Katipunan movement which helped end Spanish rule. Disputes exist about whether he, not Rizal, should be the national hero. Ninoy Aquino is highly revered as the martyr of the People Power revolution.
See also
:Main article: List of Philippine-related topics
- Filipino Martial Arts
- Communications in the Philippines
- Filipino Cuisine
- Holidays in the Philippines
- List of Philippine companies
- Military of the Philippines
- Military history of the Philippines
- Philippine landmarks
- Transportation in the Philippines
- List of Filipinos
External links
;Official
- [http://www.gov.ph Official website of the Philippine Government] - Gateway to governmental sites
- [http://www.supremecourt.gov.ph Supreme Court]
- [http://www.dfa.gov.ph/ Department of Foreign Affairs]
- [http://www.wowphilippines.com.ph Department of Tourism]
- [http://www.dti.gov.ph Department of Trade and Industry]
; Other
-
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- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1262783.stm Country Profile: Philippines ] — BBC's Country Profile on The Philippines
Category:ASEAN member states
Category:Former Spanish colonies
Category:Southeast Asian countries
zh-min-nan:Hui-li̍p-pin
ko:필리핀
ms:Filipina
ja:フィリピン
simple:Philippines
th:ประเทศฟิลิปปินส์
BarangayA barangay (Filipino: baranggay , pronounced as 'ba-rang-gai', gai as in guy) is the smallest local government unit in the Philippines and is the Filipino term for a village,barrio, district, ward or town. Municipalities and cities are composed of barangays.
Each barangay is headed by a barangay captain (punong barangay) i.e. the district mayor, who leads the barangay council (sangguniang barangay) composed of barangay councilors (kagawad). Every barangay also has a Youth Council ("Sangguniang Kabataan" or "SK") composed of the SK President or Chairman and SK Councilors, who direct the youth-oriented activities, such as basketball leagues and other youth oriented activities, in the barangay.
Historically, a barangay is a relatively small community of around 50 to 100 families. Most villages have only thirty to one hundred houses and the population varies from one hundred to five hundred persons. According to Legazpi, he found communities with twenty to thirty people only. Many coastal villages in the Visayan region consisted of no more than eight to ten houses. The word itself is derived from an ancient Malay boat called a balangay. It is commonly believed that in pre-colonial Philippines, each original coastal “barangay” formed as a result of settlers arriving by boat from other places in Southeast Asia.
Most communities were coastal or riverine in nature. This is because the principal sources of protein come from the seas and rivers, most of the people relying more on fishing for supply of food. Also, people travelled mostly by water. The movement of the population was up and down rivers and along the coasts, trails always followed river systems. Rivers were also a major souce of water for bathing, washing, and drinking. Moreover, coastal villages are more accessible to traders where an economic activity is developed. Business with traders meant contact with other cultures and civilizations like the Chinese, Indian, and Arabian. Thus, the coastal communities in Manila, Cebu, Jolo, and Butuan attained a higher cultural level.
There exists a union of barangays in the Philippines: the Liga ng mga Barangay. Representing 41,392 barangays, it is the largest grassroots organization in the Philippines. Its current president is James Marty Lim.
References
- Constantino, Renato. (1975) The Philippines: A Past Revisited (volume 1). ISBN 971-895800-2
External links
- [http://www.barangay.gov.ph Liga ng mga Barangay (League of Barangays)]
Category:Subnational entities
Category:Filipino culture
Category:Filipino society
Category:Municipalities of LeyteLeyte Greatest Hits (Queen, Elektra)
Greatest Hits [Elektra] is a 1981 Queen compilation. The record, released on 2 November 1981 only in the United Kingdom, became that country's all-time bestseller, but subsequently went out of print. It was reissued in the UK in 1994 by Parlophone, under the same name, Greatest Hits, but with three additional songs; combined with Greatest Hits, Vol. II it became the definitive Queen compilation. It was available to United States customers only by import until the 1995 release of Greatest Hits, Vols. 1-2, which combined the two discs. The seventeen-track Parlophone Greatest Hits disc was released in the U.S. on its own for the first time, with a few bonus tracks, in 2004 under the name Greatest Hits: We Will Rock You Edition.
Here is the complete and accurate history of Queen's various Greatest Hits compilations:
In 1981, Queen released Greatest Hits worldwide. However, there was no universal tracklisting or even cover art. Each territory's tracks were dependent on what singles were released there, and what tracks charted. In some cases, despite the band's popularity, not enough songs were issued as singles to fill a compilation album, an a few album tracks were used as filler. Some examples of these were "Sweet Lady" and "Love Of My Life", neither were released as singles in any country, but appear on some region's 1981 Hits release. In the UK and the US, where solid numbers could be collected, the standard was raised again by only including top twenty Hits. This rigid criterion was a trademark of Queen's desire to only market the best.
Below are the track listings for the various Queen Hits (1981 onward) collections from the US and UK.
The US ended up with its original edit of Queen's first single release, "Keep Yourself Alive", which had been re-released in the US in 1975 (original release was 1973) after the success of "Bohemian Rhapsody". Also, because of the delay in release dates between the UK (out first) and the US (almost a month later), the US was able to add "Under Pressure" (Queen's duet with David Bowie) to its Hits collection, as it was released during that interim.
Jumping ahead to 1991, Queen sought to issue a second Greatest Hits collection worldwide, this time with a standard track listing. However, the band had just changed record labels in the US, from Capitol to Hollywood Records, who keen on a massive promotion of the band's back catalogue. The problem was that Elektra still held the US rights to that first 1981 collection. Hollywood Records decided to not release "Greatest Hits II" to the US market, but instead created their own collection, "Classic Queen" (1992). This compilation was made up of tracks such as "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Keep Yourself Alive" and "Under Pressure" (which had already appeared on the Elektra 1981 "Hits" collection) as well as newer tracks ("A Kind Of Magic" and "Radio Ga Ga"). Some tracks were not even singles in the US ("One Year Of Love") or anywhere ("Stone Cold Crazy"). Though well received, this collection would eventually pose the problem of overlapping track lists in the future.
Hollywood Records, later that year, released a companion collection "Queen Greatest Hits" with similar artwork (on a red background, where "Classic Queen" was on royal blue). Commonly referred to as the "Red Greatest Hits", it feature most of the '70s tracks absent from "Classic Queen" (including "Another One Bites The Dust" [1980], "We Will Rock You", "We Are the Champions" and "Killer Queen". This collection was also well received on the US market and as a pair are a solid set.
In 1995, Parlophone (Queen's UK distributor) released "The Gold Collection" which was simply the UK Greatest Hits Vol. 1 & 2 repackaged. Imported to the US, it sold reseasonably well, until Hollywood Records in the US released it in November of 1995 in the US. In Canada, PolyGram Canada issued a two disc set titled "The Very Best Of Queen" which was track listing for track listing the same as "The Gold Collection", and much cheaper. Fortunately, "The Very Best..." was a limited time release and disappeared not long after, while import and US editions of "Gold" stayed on the shelves.
In 1997, Queen released a non-Hits collection, called "Queen Rocks", which feature many of their hard-rock tracks (some Hits, some album cuts). It also featured a newly written and recorded song, "No One But You (Only The Good Die Young)", as a send off to Freddie and others who died before their time.
1999 saw a worldwide release of "Greatest Hits III". This time, adding to the confusion, Hollywood records released it straight, track listing intact. This would have seemed ideal, except that at least one track on "Hits III" appeared on "Classic Queen": "These Are The Days Of Our Lives". Only those who'd bought "The Gold Collection" or "The Very Best..." would benefit from no double tracks in purchasing this collection.
2000 saw the release of "The Platinum Collection" to replace "The Gold Collection", now featuring the three UK "Hits" albums. "Platinum" received US release as well in September of 2002, and landed on the shelves next to "the Red Hits", "Classic Queen" and "The Gold Collection". Newcomers to the band's music now had a difficult choice to make as to where to begin and what collection suited their needs, as several had the same tracks.
In 2004, to promote the Las Vegas production of the musical "We Will Rock You", Hollywood Records released "Greatest Hits: We Will Rock You Edition" which was the UK "Greatest Hits" with three bonus tracks.
Track listing
UK 1981 "Greatest Hits"
# Bohemian Rhapsody (Mercury)
# Another One Bites The Dust (Deacon)
# Killer Queen (Mercury)
# Fat Bottomed Girls (May)
# Bicycle Race (Mercury)
# You're My Best Friend (Deacon)
# Don't Stop Me Now (Mercury)
# Save Me (May)
# Crazy Little Thing Called Love (Mercury)
# Somebody To Love (Mercury)
# Now I'm Here (May)
# Good Old-Fashioned Lover Boy (Mercury)
# Play The Game (Mercury)
# Flash (May)
# The Seven Seas Of Rhye (Mercury)
# We Will Rock You (May)
# We Are The Champions (Mercury)
US 1981 Elektra "Greatest Hits"
# Another One Bites The Dust
# Bohemian Rhapsody
# Crazy Little Thing Called Love
# Killer Queen
# Fat Bottomed Girls
# Bicycle Race
# Under Pressure
# We Will Rock You
# We Are The Champions
# Flash
# Somebody To Love
# You're My Best Friend
# Keep Yourself Alive
# Play The Game
UK 1991 "Greatest Hits II"
# A Kind Of Magic
# Under Pressure
# Radio Ga-Ga
# I Want It All
# I Want To Break Free
# Innuendo
# It's A Hard Life
# Breakthru
# Who Wants To Live Forever
# Headlong
# The Miracle
# I'm Going Slightly Mad
# The Invisible Man
# Hammer To Fall
# Friends Will Be Friends
# The Show Must Go On
# One Vision
US 1992 "Classic Queen"
# A Kind Of Magic
# Bohemian Rhapsody
# Under Pressure
# Hammer To Fall
# Stone Cold Crazy
# One Year Of Love
# Radio Ga Ga
# I'm Going Slightly Mad
# I Want It All
# Tie Your Mother Down
# The Miracle
# These Are The Days Of Our Lives
# One Vision
# Keep Yourself Alive
# Headlong
# Who Wants To Live Forever
# The Show Must Go On
US 1992 "Greatest Hits" (Red)
# We Will Rock You
# We Are The Champions
# Another One Bites The Dust
# Killer Queen
# Somebody To Love
# Fat Bottomed Girls
# Bicycle Race
# You're My Best Friend
# Crazy Little Thing Called Love
# Now I'm Here
# Play The Game
# The Seven Seas Of Rhye
# Body Language
# Save Me
# Don't Stop Me Now
# Good Old-Fashioned Lover Boy
# I Want To Break Free
UK 1995 "The Gold Collection"
(UK "Greatest Hits I & II)
US 1996 "The Very Best Of Queen"
(same as UK "Greatest Hits I & II")
UK/US 1997 "Queen Rocks"
# We Will Rock You
# Tie Your Mother Down
# I Want It All
# The Seven Seas Of Rhye
# I Can't Live With You (1997 'Rocks' Re-Take)
# Hammer To Fall
# Stone Cold Crazy
# Now I'm Here
# Fat Bottomed Girls
# Keep Yourself Alive
# Tear It Up
# One Vision
# Sheer Heart Attack
# I'm In Love With My Car
# Put Out The Fire
# Headlong
# It's Late
# No One But You (Only The Good Die Young)
UK/US 1999 "Greatest Hits III
# The Show Must Go On (Queen + Elton John)
# Under Pressure (Rah Mix) (Queen + David Bowie)
# Barcelona (Freddie Mercury + Montserrat Caballe)
# Too Much Love Will Kill You
# Somebody To Love (Queen + George Michael)
# You Don't Fool Me
# Heaven For Everyone
# Las Palabras De Amor (The Words Of Love)
# Driven By You (Brian May)
# Living On My Own (1992 'Album' Mix) (Freddie Mercury)
# Let Me Live
# The Great Pretender
# Princes Of The Universe
# Another One Bites The Dust (New LP Version) (Queen + Wyclef Jean, Pras & Free)
# These Are The Days Of Our Lives
# No One But You (Only The Good Die Young)
# Thank God It's Christmas
US 2004 "Greatest Hits: We Will Rock You Edition"
# Bohemian Rhapsody
# Another One Bites The Dust
# Killer Queen
# Fat Bottomed Girls
# Bicycle Race
# You're My Best Friend
# Don't Stop Me Now
# Save Me
# Crazy Little Thing Called Love
# Somebody To Love
# Now I'm Here
# Good Old-Fashioned Lover Boy
# Play The Game
# Flash
# The Seven Seas Of Rhye
# We Will Rock You
# We Are The Champions
# I'm In Love With My Car (UK Single Version)
# Under Pressure (Live at Milton Keynes, 1982)
# Tie Your Mother Down (Live At Milton Keynes, 1982)
Category:Greatest hits albums
Category:Queen albums
Category:1981 albums
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