:: wikimiki.org ::
| Diethylpyrocarbonate |
DiethylpyrocarbonateDiethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) is used in the laboratory to remove
the enzyme RNAse from water and other laboratory utensils.
Water is usually treated with 0.1% v/v diethylpyrocarbonate for at least 1 hour
at 37°C and then autoclaved (at least 15 min) to inactivate traces of DEPC.
DEPC treated (and therefore free of RNAse) water is used in all handling of
RNA in the laboratory, otherwise RNA would be degraded quickly by RNAse.
Category:Laboratory techniques
Also used to knock out histidine residues in enzymes
Laboratory.]]
A laboratory (often abbreviated lab) is a place where scientific research and experiments are conducted. A lab can hold space for one to thirty, or more, researchers depending on the size of the room and state mandated maximum occupancy limit.
All laboratories share some common features, mainly laboratory equipment and laboratory glassware: Usually, they have at least one fume hood. Toxic and hazardous chemicals can be safely handled in a fume hood. This reduces, and usually eliminates, the risk of inhalation of toxic gases produced by the reaction of chemicals. Laboratories usually have a sink for handwashing. A fire extinguisher is located in a laboratory, as well as a fire blanket, to help exterminate fire in the event of an accident. There is also an eye wash station and an overhead shower in the event that chemicals gain access onto clothes, skin, or eyes. The exceptions to this would include certain engineering and physics laboratories, which usually do not include glassware, hoods, and toxic chemicals.
Supporting the laboratory is usually a stock room, or preparation room, where dry and wet chemicals are stored. This stockroom prepares all the reagents (acids, bases, buffers) of various quantities and concentrations, as well as orders and distributes supplies (glassware, chemicals, personal protective equipment) to the laboratory. In an engineering or physics laboratory, the stock room or preparation rooms are generally used for storing of equipment and repair facilities.
When researchers perform chemical or biological experiments in the laboratory they use pure phases and sterile reagents. Impure chemicals undergo purification first, then are used in an experiment; non-sterile reagents are first autoclaved before use. Impure, and non sterile reagents interfere with experiments causing undesired results.
The equipment and orientation of a laboratory will ultimately depend on its purpose. University laboratories, as well as chemistry and biochemistry laboratories will contain myriad glassware. In these laboratories, general experiments will be performed to isolate or purify compounds, or perform research to gain new knowledge on a given compound or scientific idea.
Other common laboratory equipment includes centrifuges to remove solid particles from a liquid, or create a density gradient, spectrophotometers to accurately measure the optical absorbance of a liquid and a particular wavelength (measure its colour), aspirators for providing suction, and water baths that maintain a substance at a particular temperature.
While there is a typical set of glassware used for conducting various experiments, other laboratories have different requirements and arrangements.
Microbiology laboratories usually have separate rooms with negative pressure to prevent the breathing in of harmful bacteria. Air is often passed through a number of filters and then repumped into the room.
Laboratories designed for processing specimens, such as environmental research or medical laboratories will have specialised machinery (automated analysers) designed to process many samples and numerous tests. Research and experimentation is not a priority in these laboratories; the aim is to give a fast and reliable result.
Laboratory Safety
While laboratories differ in purpose and function, safety is always a key issue.
Below is a list of standard, good laboratory practices:
# Wear goggles or safety glasses at all times.
# Wear gloves.
# Wear a safety apron where appropriate.
# Try not to breathe or inhale any chemicals.
# Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds after contact with chemicals.
# Do not eat or drink while in the laboratory (to avoid accidental ingestion of dangerous chemicals).
# Do not taste, eat, or drink any chemical in the laboratory.
# Read and understand experiment procedures before beginning any experiment.
# Dispose of chemicals properly (the sink is generally not the correct place).
# Ensure gas lines are shut off before leaving the laboratory.
# Do not attempt to undertake experiments or procedures unless a trained chemist or scientist is present.
See also:
- Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
- Material safety data sheet
RNAseRibonuclease (RNase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of RNA into smaller components.
RNAses are extremely common in the modern world, resulting in very short lifespans for any RNA that is not in a protected environment.
Major types
- RNase A is an RNase that is commonly used in research. RNase A (e.g., bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A: , ) is one of the hardiest enzymes in common laboratory usage; one method of isolating it is to boil a crude cellular extract until all enzymes other than RNase A are denatured.
- RNase P, another type of RNase, is currently under much research and is unique in that it is a ribozyme, a ribonucleic acid that acts as a catalyst in the same way that a protein based enzyme would. Its function is to cleave off an extra, or precursor, sequence of RNA on tRNA molecules. RNase P has two components: an RNA chain, called M1 RNA, and a polypeptide chain, or protein, called C5 protein. In vivo, both components are necessary for the ribozyme to function properly, but in vitro, the M1 RNA can act alone as a catalyst.
- RNase H (see article for details)
Category:EC 3.1.27
Category:Laboratory techniquesLaboratory techniques, as used in Biology, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Molecular biology, etc.
Techniques, Laboratory
Полярний фронтПолярний фронт - межа між помірним повітрям і тропічним. Іноді його називають помірним фронтом.
slots dating ads site Gry Playstation gry sportowe miadyca
|
|
|
| :: RELATED NEWS :: |
Andrey Voznenesensky
Andrey Andreyevich Voznesensky () (b. May 12, 1933, Moscow) is a Russian poet and writer who has been referred to by Robert Lowell as "one of the greatest living poets in any language." He lives and works in Moscow.
Early in his life, Andrey was fascinated with painting
|
Siddharta Gautama
, northern Pakistan, 1st century CE, Musée Guimet.]]
::Siddhartha redirects here. For other meanings, see Siddhartha (disambiguation).
Gautama Buddha was a spiritual teacher believed to have lived between approximately 563 BCE and
|
Dodecastigma
- Dodecastigma amazonicum
- Dodecastigma integrifolium
etc.
Dodecastigma is a genus of plants under the family Euphorbiaceae.
Category:Euphorbiaceae
|
Kangaroo Hoppet
The Kangaroo Hoppet is the Australian long distance cross-country skiing race in the Worldloppet Ski Federation. It is held in Falls Creek, Victoria.
There are three races:
- The Kangaroo Hoppet is a 42 km race, and for the purposes of the Worldloppet
|
|
George M. Dawson
George Mercer Dawson (August 1 1849 – March 2 1901) was a Canadian scientist and surveyor. Dawson was born in Pictou, Nova Scotia, the son of Sir
|
|
Din-I Ilahi
Din-i-Illahi, or Divine Faith, was a syncretic religion propounded by the Mughal emperor Akbar, intended to merge the best elements of the religions of his empire (primarily Hinduism and Islam; elements were also taken from Christianity, Jainism and | |
