Siitepöly

Siitepöly siemenkasvien heteiden ponsissa syntyvä jauhe, jonka yksityiset hiukkaset ovat kasvin koiraspuolisia sukupuolisoluja. Tuulen tai hyönteisten kuljettamana tai muulla tavoin siitepölyhiukkanen joutuu emin luotille, ja siitä kasvaa siemenaiheeseen tunkeutuva siiteputki. Sen välityksellä siittiösolu joutuu munasoluun, minkä jälkeen tapahtuu hedelmöitys. Paljassieminisillä siitepöly joutuu suoraan siemenaiheeseen. Luokka:Kasvianatomia

Luokka:Kasvianatomia

Kasvianatomiaan liittyviä artikkeleja. Luokka:Kasvitiede

Japanese torpedo boat Kotaka

The Kotaka (Jp:小鷹, "Falcon") was a torpedo boat in the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was ordered in 1885 to the shipbuilder Yarrow in Great Britain, where she was built in parts along Japanese specifications, and then assembled in Yokosuka, Japan. She participated to the Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). She was decommissioned on April 1st, 1908, to become a training ship. She was retired on March 1st, 1916, but again reactivated in 1917, to end her career in January 1927. When launched in 1888, the Kotaka, at 203 tons, was the largest torpedo boat in the World, and "was the forerunner of torpedo-boat destroyers that appeared a decade later" (Kaigun, David C. Evans). She was armed with four 1-pounder (37 mm) quick-firing guns and four torpedo tubes. In the following years, the Imperial Japanese Navy equipped herself with much smaller torpedo boats of French design, but in her trials in 1899, the Kotaka demonstrated that she could go beyond a role of coastal defense, and was capable of following larger ships on the high seas. The British shipbuilder Yarrow "considered Japan to have effectively invented the destroyer" (Howe). The next effective design of torpedo boat destroyer, with the range and speed to keep up with battleships, was the Havock class of two ships of the Royal Navy, developed in 1892 under the newly appointed Third Sea Lord Rear Admiral John A. "Jackie" Fisher, and launched in 1893. The Havock had a 240 tons displacement, a speed of 27 knots, and was armed with a single 12-pounder gun, three 6-pounders, and three torpedo tubes. In 1904, Kotaka was experimentally refitted with a mix oil and coal engine, instead of her original coal-only propulsion.

References

- Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887–1941, David C. Evans, Mark R. Peattie, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland ISBN 0870211927
- The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy: Development and Technology in Asia from 1540 to the Pacific War, Christopher Howe, The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0226354857

External links

- [http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/stc0644.htm The Kotaka (Japanese)] Kotaka

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