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| Auckland City |
Auckland City
:This article is about the City of Auckland. For a more general overview, see the main article Auckland.
Auckland City (informally Central Auckland) is the territorial authority covering the Auckland isthmus. This city and its neighbouring cities, namely North Shore, Waitakere and Manukau make up the Auckland urban area.
The city's mayor, as of 2005, is Dick Hubbard.
History
In 1989 central Government restructured local authorities throughout New Zealand. Auckland City was merged with eight smaller local authorities to form a new Auckland City. The new city had double the population of the old and the amalgamation set the present-day boundaries of the city.
Geography
Auckland City lies on an isthmus. The Waitemata Harbour, which opens to the Hauraki Gulf, separates the isthmus from North Shore City and north. The Manukau Harbour, which opens to the Tasman Sea, separates the isthmus from Manukau City and the south.
List of suburbs
Manukau
These lists of suburbs are arranged geographically, and are presented clockwise according to their direction from the city centre.
Inner city
Mechanics Bay, Parnell, Remuera, Newmarket, Grafton, Mount Eden, Balmoral, Morningside, Grey Lynn, Ponsonby, Freemans Bay, Herne Bay, Saint Mary's Bay.
To the east
Mission Bay, Kohimarama, Saint Heliers, Orakei, Glendowie, Glen Innes, Meadowbank, Point England, Saint John, Tamaki, Panmure, Mount Wellington, Ellerslie.
To the south
Penrose, Greenlane, Oranga, Te Papapa, Onehunga, One Tree Hill, Royal Oak, Epsom, Hillsborough, Three Kings, Mount Roskill, Lynfield, Blockhouse Bay, Sandringham.
To the west
Owairaka, Avondale, Mount Albert, Kingsland, Waterview, Western Springs, Point Chevalier, Westmere.
For the suburbs of the other cities within the Auckland urban area, see North Shore, Manukau and Waitakere.
External link
- [http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz Auckland City website]
- [http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/auckland/introduction/bush/default.asp History of Auckland City] by Graham Bush
Category:Auckland
Category: Cities and towns in New Zealand
Category: Territorial Authorities of New Zealand
ja:オークランド市
Waitakere
| Waitakere City |
| Image:Waitakere_Territorial_Authority.png |
Urban
Area |
Area |
82 km² (23% of City land area) |
| Extent |
East to New Lynn and Green Bay.
South to Manukau Harbour.
West to Waitakere Ranges foothills.
North to West Harbour. |
Territorial
Authority |
Name |
Waitakere City |
| Population |
189,200 (2004 est.) |
| Area |
367 km² |
| Extent |
East to Auckland City boundary at
New Lynn and Green Bay.
South to Manukau Harbour.
West to Tasman Sea.
North to Rodney District boundary
at Bethells Beach, Waitakere
township and Whenuapai. |
Regional
Council |
Name |
Auckland |
Image:Waitakere_Territorial_Authority.pngWaitakere City is in the west of metropolitan Auckland, New Zealand's most populous urban area. Waitakere itself is the country's 5th largest territorial authority by population, with annual growth of about 2%. Most residents live near the city's eastern borders with the Waitemata Harbour and neighbouring Auckland City. The forest-covered Waitakere Ranges dominate the city's western skyline, rising from the rugged surf beaches of the Tasman Sea to an altitude of over 400 metres.
The name came originally from a Maori chief and was applied to a village near the northern boundary of the current city and later to the county that covered much of the current city.
Administrative structure
Waitakere City was formed by the amalgamation of Waitemata City with the boroughs of Henderson, New Lynn, and Glen Eden in 1989's nationwide re-organisation of local government. The elected Council consists of Mayor Bob Harvey and 14 councillors representing the four wards. Each ward also has an elected community board that considers local issues.
Geography of the four wards
Henderson Ward
This urban ward contains the old Henderson borough as well as the suburbs of Glendene, Te Atatu South, and Te Atatu Peninsula (formerly Te Atatu North). There are 40,086 residents (2001). It is located immediately to the west of Auckland city, some 10 kilometres from the city centre, along the western shores of the Waitemata Harbour and its southwestern arm, the Whau River.
Massey Ward
Although this area is principally urban, it also has some farms and lifestyle blocks in the north and west. The ward contains the suburbs of Whenuapai, Hobsonville, West Harbour, Massey, Ranui, and Henderson North. It has a population of 51,369 (2001 census). It is located to the north of the Henderson Ward, along the Waitemata's northwestern shore, and includes one of New Zealand's largest concentrations of former military bases, with former large army and air force stations within the ward.
New Lynn Ward
Centered on the old boroughs of New Lynn and Glen Eden, it also contains the suburbs of Kelston, Green Bay, Titirangi, Kaurilands, Waima, and Woodlands Park. The ward has a population of 49,845 (2001). New Lynn Ward is to the south of Henderson Ward, and extends to the shore of the Manukau Harbour at its southern end. New Lynn itself is 10 kilometres southwest of Auckland city centre.
Waitakere Ward
This ward is by far the largest in area as it encompasses the sparsely populated Waitakere Ranges, as well as some of the urban fringes as the city expands westward into former orchards and farms. The population 27,450 (2001) is the smallest of the wards, but it is also the fastest-growing. It encompasses the suburbs, villages and localities of Swanson, Henderson Valley, Sunnyvale, Oratia, Waiatarua, Laingholm, Parau, Cornwallis, Huia, Whatipu, Karekare, Piha, Anawhata, Bethells / Te Henga, and Waitakere township. Many of these have volunteer fire brigades to protect their communities from the summer bush fires. This ward lies to the west of the three other wards, and extends to the north as well. Its northern end, around Muriwai, is also the furthest part of Waitakere from Auckland city centre, lying some 30 kilometres to the northwest of it.
Industry
Significant industries in the first 150 years of European settlement after about 1850 included brick and pottery manufacturing, timber milling, kauri gum digging, orchards, farming, viticulture, water supply, railways, and the twin Royal New Zealand Air Force bases of Whenuapai and Hobsonville. Today, Waitakere City has well-developed retail and service sectors and light manufacturing. The two commercial centres are Henderson and New Lynn. Notable niche industries include boat-building, winemaking, and film and television production.
Recreation
The walking tracks and sights of the Waitakere Ranges attract thousands from the Auckland region in suitable weather, as do the black-sand surf beaches of Piha, Karekare and Bethells. These beaches are notoriously dangerous for surfers and swimmers, however, and great care needs to be taken to avoid their treacherous rips.
Westies
Westie is the nickname given to locals because of the city's location relative to the rest of Auckland. Much as Manukau City's administrative geography roughly parallels an unofficial area commonly known as South Auckland, so too Waitakere City has an unofficial equivalent in "West Auckland". The official and unofficial areas do not exactly coincide, and - again like with Manukau and South Auckland - it is the areas with a similar socio-economic mix, roughly from Te Atatu to Glen Eden and New Lynn which are most commonly associated with the nickname.
See also
list of regions in New Zealand and territorial authorities of New Zealand.
External links
- [http://www.waitakereonline.co.nz/ Waitakere Online]
- [http://www.waitakere.govt.nz/ Waitakere City Council]
- [http://www.waitakerelibs.govt.nz/ Waitakere City public libraries]
- [http://www.actors.co.nz/viewbio.asp?id=321 Biography of Ewen Gilmour]
- [http://zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=10118777 Profiles of several dozen relevant websites]
- [http://outwest.lurch.co.nz/ Photographs of natural beauty in Waitakere City]
Category:Territorial Authorities of New Zealand
Category:Auckland
category: Cities and towns in New Zealand
Auckland
Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest urban area in New Zealand. It is a conurbation, made up of the cities of Auckland, Waitakere, Manukau and North Shore. In Māori it bears the name Tāmaki Makau Rau or Ākarana.
Auckland lies between the Hauraki Gulf of the Pacific Ocean to the east, the low Hunua Ranges to the south-east, Manukau Harbour to the south-west, and the Waitakere Ranges and smaller ranges to the west and north-west. The central part of the urban area occupies a narrow isthmus between Manukau and Waitemata harbours (and is one of the few cities in the world to have two harbours, as well as having sea ports to each coast - Tasman and Pacific).
History
Māori settlers
The area, Tamaki Makau Rau (isthmus of one thousand lovers), now known as Auckland, was first settled by Māori people around 1350. The region was valued for its rich and fertile land. Māori constructed terraced pa (fortified villages) on the volcanic peaks. Māori population is estimated to have peaked at 20,000 in the region in pre-settlement times, a figure which would later qualify in New Zealand as a city. Earthworks are still evident today around some of the larger volcanoes such as; Mount Albert, Mount Eden and One Tree Hill.
The isthmus, at around 8km from coast to coast - with Mount Eden and One Tree Hill placed along the line of the narrowest point, led to the area having great strategic qualities. The isthmus also has the highly productive soils providing agricultural opportunities, and the two harbours (Waitemata to the East and Manukau to the West) providing diverse kai moana (seafood).
Ngāti Whātua and Tainui were the main tribes traditionally living in the area. The arrival of Europeans, using guns as one of many trade commodities, changed the balances of power between Iwi with the inevitable result of armed conflict. European settlement caused Maori numbers in what is now central Auckland city to be greatly reduced due to; inter-iwi warfare, new diseases (especially smallpox and tuberculosis), and the common ills experienced by indigenous peoples of colonisation. There was a period of migrations of both Europeans and Māori. One of the initial appeals of the area to Europeans being it was virtually uninhabited.
Āpihai Te Kawau (c. 1760 - 1869), leader of the Ngati Taou Hapu, was a good friend of Samuel Marsden. Over a 10 month period of 1821 - 1822, he took a principle part in the 1,000 mile Amiowhenua expedition. This series of battles raged through much of central and southern North Island. It ended when Te Kawau's Ngāti Whātua forces, uniting with the Taranaki they were embattled with, to jointly defend the Tainui Matakitaki pa from Hongi Hika's Nga Puhi forces.
By 1840 Te Kawau had become the paramount chief of Ngāti Whātua. Cautious of reprisals from the Nga Puhi defeated at Matakitaki, Te Kawau found it most convenient to offer Governor Hobson land around the present central city. He and six other chiefs travelled the Bay of Islands to make the offer and signed the Treaty of Waitangi on 20th March.
Ngāti Whātua would certainly have expected from English colonialism increased security and trading benefits. This would include greater access via the quickly developed port facilities for the lucrative trade in produce grown in Tainui's fertile Waikato and Hauraki Plains for the Australian prison colonies and Sydney market. The sale price for the initial 3,000 acres (12 km²) was for cash and goods to the value of £341.
As Māori population declined for nearly a century, so did the quantity of land held by Ngāti Whātua. Within 20 years, 40% of their lands were lost, some through government land confiscation. At close to the lowest level of population, Ngāti Whātua land holding was reduced to a few acres at Orakei, land which Te Kawau had declared "a last stand".
Birth of Auckland
After the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in February 1840 the new Governor of New Zealand, William Hobson, had the task of choosing a capital for the colony. At the time Kororareka, now called Old Russell, in the Bay of Islands, served as the effective capital. However, Kororareka's geographical position made it very remote, inaccessible and off-centre from the rest of the New Zealand archipelago, and the town had a notorious reputation for drunkenness and immorality.
Bay of Islands
Even in 1840 Port Nicholson (now the location of Wellington) probably seemed the obvious choice for an administrative capital. Centrally situated at the south of the North Island, close to the South Island, and growing fast, it had a lot to commend it. But the New Zealand Company and the Wakefield brothers had founded and continued to dominate Port Nicholson. Furthermore, it already had a bad reputation with the Māori for unscrupulous or even illegal occupation of land.
On the initial recommendation of the missionary Henry Williams, supported by the Surveyor General, Felton Mathew, and the offer of land from Ngāti Whātua, Hobson selected the south side of Waitemata Harbour as his future capital. The Chief Magistrate, Captain William Cornwallis Symonds, soon purchased the further land from Ngāti Whātua, and a foundation ceremony took place at 1pm on 18 September 1840, probably on the higher ground at the top end of present-day Queen Street. Hobson named the new settlement in honour of George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland, a patron and friend of his. The New Zealand Government Gazette announced the royal approval of the name on 26 November 1842.
From the outset a steady flow of new arrivals from within New Zealand and from overseas came to the new capital. Initially settlers from New South Wales predominated, but the first immigrant ships sailing directly from Britain started to arrive as early as 1842. From early times the eastern side of the settlement remained reserved for government officials while mechanics and artisans, the so-called "unofficial" settlers, congregated on the western side. This social division still persists in modern Auckland.
Eventually Port Nicholson became the capital and, now known as Wellington, remains so today. The advantages of a central position became even more obvious as the South Island grew in prosperity with the discovery of gold in Otago, and with the development of sheep farming and refrigeration, especially refrigerated ships which allowed chilled meat to be safely shipped to Britain. Parliament met for the first time in Wellington in 1862. In 1868 Government House moved there too.
Growth of Auckland
Government House
Auckland formed a base for Governor George Grey's operations against the rebel Maori King Movement in the early 1860s. Grey's modus operandi involved opening up the Waikato and King Country by building roads, most notably Great South Road, (a large part of which now forms State Highway 1). This enabled rapid movement, not only of soldiers, but also civilian settlers. It also enabled the extension of Pakeha influence and law to the South Auckland region.
During the mid 19th century, European settlement of New Zealand was predominantly in the South Island. Auckland however gradually became the commercial capital. Market gardens were planted on the outskirts, while kauri tree logging and gum digging opened up the Waitakere Ranges.
A Russian scare at the end of the century caused coastal guns to be bought and fortifications built, notably at Devonport and on Waiheke Island, where they can still be seen.
By 1900 Auckland was the largest New Zealand city.
In World War II the city was overflown by a Japanese seaplane, chased ineffectually by a Royal New Zealand Air Force De Havilland Tiger Moth.
In the 1950s the Auckland Harbour Bridge was constructed, linking North Shore with the city.
As flying boat services from Mechanics Bay and Hobsonville by aircraft such as the Short Solent and Short Sunderland were replaced by landplanes, an airport was opened at Mangere, supplanting earlier airfields at Ardmore and Whenuapai.
Whenuapai
Following the initiative of Michael Joseph Savage's New Zealand Labour Party large numbers of state houses were constructed through the late 1930s, '40s and '50s, usually on quarter-acre (1,000 m²) sections - a tradition that survives despite frequent subdivision. Auckland is a largely suburban city: although it has not much more than a seventh of the population of London, it sprawls over a considerably larger area - a fact that serves to make public transport by Auckland's rail and bus systems unpopular and uneconomic.
All four electrical power cables supplying the Central Business District failed on 20 February 1998, causing the 1998 Auckland power crisis. It took five weeks before an emergency overhead cable was completed to restore the power supply to the Central Business District. For much of that time, about 60,000 of the 74,000 people who worked in the area, worked from home or from relocated offices in the suburbs. Many of the 6,000 apartment dwellers in the area had to find alternative accommodation.
Geography and climate
Volcanoes
1998 Auckland power crisisAuckland straddles the volcanoes of the Auckland Volcanic Field. The 50 volcanic vents in the field take the form of cones, lakes, lagoons, islands and depressions. Some of the cones have been partly or completely quarried away. The volcanoes are all individually extinct although the volcanic field itself is merely dormant. The most recent and by far the largest volcano, Rangitoto Island, formed within the last 1000 years. 'Rangi' means 'sky' and 'toto' means 'blood', which indicates it was named by Maori who had witnessed its eruption. Its size, its symmetry, its position guarding the entrance to Waitemata Harbour and its visibility from many parts of the Auckland region make it Auckland's most iconic natural feature. Rangitoto is eerily quiet as almost no birds and insects have settled on the island because of the rich acidic soil and type of flora that has adapted to grow out of the black broken rocky soil.
Isthmus and harbours
Waitemata Harbour
Auckland lies on and around an isthmus, less than two km wide at its narrowest point between Mangere Inlet and Tamaki River. There are two harbours in the Auckland urban area surrounding this isthmus, Waitemata Harbour to the north, which opens east to the Hauraki Gulf, and Manukau Harbour to the south, which opens west to the Tasman Sea.
Bridges span both of these harbours, Auckland Harbour Bridge on Waitemata Harbour and Mangere Bridge on Manukau Harbour.
Climate
Auckland has a warm-temperate climate, with warm, humid summers and cool but damp and lengthy winters. January temperatures average 21-24 °C (February and March are typically warmer than January, however), and July maximum temperatures average 14-16 °C. High levels of rainfall occur almost year-round (over 1100 mm per year), especially in winter. Climatic conditions vary in different parts of the city owing to geography such as hills, trees and ocean wind currents. Snow has never been recorded in Auckland, (although a heavy hailstorm in the 1950s was mistaken for snow by many residents), unlike some South island cities which may get snow most years. It has snowed north of Auckland at Kaikohe.
People
- See also: Culture of New Zealand
Cultures
Auckland serves as a home to many cultures. The majority of inhabitants (roughly 60%) claim European — predominantly British — descent, but substantial Maori and Pacific Island communities exist as well. Auckland has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world. Comparably-sized communities of people of East Asian origin also live in Auckland, due to New Zealand's world-leading level of immigration, which flows primarily into Auckland. Ethnic groups from all corners of the world have a presence in Auckland, making it by far the country's most cosmopolitan city. It is estimated that over fourteen people from other countries immigrate to Auckland every day.
Religion
Like the rest of the country, more than half of Aucklanders are nominally Christian, but less than 10% regularly attend church and almost 40% profess no religious affiliation (2001 census figures). The main denominations are Anglican, Presbyterian and Roman Catholic. Pentecostal and charismatic churches are the fastest growing. The charismatic and fundamentalist Destiny Church, headquartered in Auckland, has gained headlines because of its political activities. A higher percentage of Polynesian immigrants are regular churchgoers than other Aucklanders, although church attendance drops off in second or third generation Polynesian Aucklanders. Other immigrant cultures have added to the religious diversity of the city, bringing traditions such as Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. There is also a small, long-established Jewish community. There is an even smaller Rationalist group. Western Central Auckland, particularly Mount Roskill, has been labelled the 'Bible Belt'.
Social perceptions
Aucklanders are viewed with varying degrees of dislike by some New Zealanders living outside Auckland. One perception of Aucklanders is that they are rich latte-sipping yuppies, with trendy but impractical political views. Some claim jokingly that Aucklanders think that "New Zealand stops at the Bombay Hills", the Bombay Hills forming the Auckland region's southern boundary. Some people living south of the hills agree with the statement, but regard "true" New Zealand as lying south, not north, of the hills. The word Jafa was coined as an insulting nickname for Aucklanders, but Aucklanders have robbed the word of its sting by enthusiastically embracing it.
See the Jafa article for more on outsiders' attitudes.
There are stereotypes about residents in some parts of Auckland. These stereotypes can be a badge of honour, or an insult, depending on how they are used, and by whom.
- Westies - people living in the western suburbs of Auckland (particularly those of Waitakere City), from Henderson to the Waitakere Ranges. As a derogatory term, "westie" is similar to bogan, trailer trash or chav.
- South Aucklanders - people who live at the southern end of the city; the term is predominantly used to refer to a low socio-economic group with a high unemployment rate and a large population of Pacific Islanders, although there are quite a few affluent areas in South Auckland.
- East Aucklanders - residents in the eastern suburbs of the Auckland isthmus, including a large Asian (Chinese) population in Howick and surrounding areas.
- Shoreboy/girl - someone from the North Shore. Generally percieved as 'spoilt rich kids' since the area is quite affluent. The term is somewhat analogous to the stereotype of the Valley girl in Los Angeles, though not as extreme.
Lifestyle
Attractive aspects of Auckland life are its mild climate, plentiful employment and educational opportunities, and numerous leisure facilities. For quality of life, Auckland currently ranks 8th equal behind Zurich and Geneva in a survey of the world's top 55 cities. (Link: [http://www.citymayors.com/features/quality_survey.html Mercer Consulting quality of life survey])
Leisure
Geneva
Auckland is popularly known as the "City of Sails" because the harbour is usually dotted with hundreds of yachts. The Viaduct Basin hosted two America's Cup challenges, and its cafes, restaurants, and clubs add to Auckland's vibrant nightlife. High Street, Queen Street, Ponsonby Road, and Karangahape Road are also very popular with urban socialites. Newmarket and Parnell are upmarket shopping centres. Otara's and Avondale's famous fleamarkets and Victoria Park Market are a colourful alternative shopping experience.
Waitemata Harbour has popular beaches at Mission Bay, Devonport, Takapuna, Long Bay and Maraetai, and the west coast has popular surf spots at Piha and Muriwai. Many Auckland beaches are patrolled by Surf Lifesaving clubs which are part of the Surf Lifesaving Northern Region.
Pleasant ferry trips go to Devonport, Waiheke Island and Rangitoto Island. Pleasant picnic spots are at Auckland Domain, Albert Park, One Tree Hill Domain and Western Springs. Auckland has its fair share of rugby and cricket grounds (notably Eden Park), and venues for motorsports, tennis, badminton, swimming, soccer, rugby league, and many other sports.
Every year in March, an 8.4km (5.2 mile) fun-run known as "Round the Bays" starts in the city and goes along the waterfront to the suburb of St Heliers. It attracts many tens of thousands of people and has been an annual event since 1972.
The Auckland Town Hall and Aotea Centre host conferences and cultural events such as theatre, kapa haka, and opera. Many national treasures are displayed at the Auckland Art Gallery, such as the work of Colin McCahon. Other significant cultural artefacts reside at the Auckland War Memorial Museum, the National Maritime Museum, and the Museum of Transport and Technology (MOTAT). Exotic creatures can be observed at the Auckland Zoo and Kelly Tarlton's Underwater World. Movies and rock concerts (notably, the "Big Day Out") are also well patronised.
Work
Big Day Out]]
Every business day, many professional workers commute from all points of the city to downtown Auckland. Most major international corporations have an Auckland office. The most expensive office space is around lower Queen Street and the Viaduct Basin. A large proportion of the technical and trades workforce is based in the industrial zones of South Auckland.
Housing
The most common residence of Aucklanders is a bungalow on a "quarter acre" (1,000 m²), with the resulting large urban sprawl and reliance on motor vehicles. The regional council is trying to curb this trend, with housing density strategies such as more townhouses and apartments, and prohibiting subdivision of properties on the city fringes.
Transport
quarter acre
Road and rail
Auckland has a significant traffic congestion problem. An extensive motorway network, planned decades ago during the height of the road building era, remains incomplete as of 2005. It is unlikely that this original plan will every be built in its entirety, however a number of crucial gaps do exist in the current network. Since 2001, several motorway construction projects began in and around the central motorway junction ("Spaghetti Junction"), while new routes are underway in the southwest of the city and along the upper harbour. Transport funding favours roads over public transport in Auckland, and indeed in New Zealand, and the planned motorway network is large for a city of Auckland's size.
The Britomart Transport Centre which opened in July 2003 is a central interconnection point for buses, trains and ferries. During its planning period it provoked much controversy spanning multiple mayoral terms.
During the 2001-2004 term the mayors of Auckland City and Manukau, John Banks and Sir Barry Curtis respectively, strongly advocated a proposal for an Eastern Transport Corridor, essentially a new motorway. Vociferous campaigners both supported and opposed the NZ$4 billion proposal throughout the term. John Banks subsequently lost the 2004 local body election, chiefly due to public opposition to the proposed motorway. The newly-elected Auckland City Council has a clear centre-left majority, and new Deputy Mayor Bruce Hucker announced in early November 2004 a major change in direction for Auckland City.
Bus services provide the bulk of public transport, with commuter trains offering a limited service. However, recent investment in train services resulted in increased patronage of these services. The investment has focused on upgrading and refurbishing the current rolling stock and railway stations. Investment in new rail infrastructure remains limited, but there are signs this is changing. A recent project to double-track the western rail line, completed at a cost of NZD$23.2 million, has increased the frequency of train services on this line. Plans for light rail, mooted over the years, seem unlikely to proceed. The local government elections in September 2004 centred largely around candidates' policies on public transport, with the incumbent Auckland City mayor John Banks promoting the "Eastern Corridor" motorway plan, and his main rivals (former Auckland City mayor Christine Fletcher and businessman Dick Hubbard – the eventual winner) supporting public transport alternatives like light rail and improving existing bus and rail services.
Auckland City Council has prepared plans for an underground railway connecting the Britomart Transport Centre to the western railway line. However due to the significant costs associated with a project of this size, and the prevailing attitudes towards public transport, it may be some time before the project begins. Increased population density around transport corridors and sustained inflated petrol prices may combine to make this project more attractive in the medium term. Also, recent patronage jumps in response to remedial improvements to the existing diesel powered rail network have resulted in greater support for plans for electrification, signal upgrades, station improvements and network expansion.
Airports
Auckland International Airport, New Zealand's largest airport, lies beside Manukau Harbour, in the southern suburb of Mangere, which is part of Manukau. It is a major base for Air New Zealand. Ongoing negotiations concern the development of a second airport at Whenuapai, a RNZAF airbase in Waitakere, to the northwest of the Auckland conurbation. As the air force is signalled to move to Ohakea base near Palmerston North, the feasibility of an international airport north of the city is being explored. Many private flights use the smaller airfield at Ardmore, south of the city but within the Auckland region. Dairy Flat to the north is used by light planes and some warbird enthusiasts. Mechanics Bay near the city centre, was the first international airport, used for many years as a base for flying boats of TEAL and amphibians of Tourist Air Travel and Sea Bee Air. It is now primarily used as a Heliport. A similar air force facility at Hobsonville has been sold to private boat builders.
Ferries
HobsonvilleA feature of Auckland transport is the popularity of commuting by ferry. North Shore residents avoid the chronic Harbour Bridge congestion by catching ferries from Devonport, Bayswater or Stanley Bay to the CBD. Ferries also connect the city with Rangitoto and Waiheke Islands, and with Half Moon Bay.
Landmarks and places
Waiheke Island
- Auckland's Sky Tower, the tallest free-standing structure in the Southern Hemisphere, stands 328 m tall.
- Mount Eden's summit arguably offers Auckland's best views. It is the highest point in Auckland. However, there is local concern about the environmental impact the large numbers of tourist buses are having on the cone - they're said to be literally (if slowly) squashing it.
- One Tree Hill (Maungakiekie) - a volcanic cone which dominates the skyline in the southern inner suburbs.
- Mount Victoria although slightly out-of-the-way for the casual tourist, offers a spectacular view of the city. A brisk walk from the Devonport Ferry terminal, the cone is steeped in history as is the nearby North Head.
- Rangitoto Island - guards the entrance to Waitemata Harbour, and forms a prominent feature on the eastern horizon.
- Eden Park - the city's primary stadium and a frequent home for All Blacks rugby and Black Caps cricket matches.
- Ericsson Stadium - a stadium used mainly for rugby league and soccer matches.
- Western Springs Stadium - a natural amphitheatre used mainly for speedway races and rock and pop concerts.
- Aotea Square, Queen Street and Karangahape Road- the hub of downtown Auckland.
- Auckland Harbour Bridge - connecting Auckland and the North Shore, is an iconic symbol of Auckland.
- Viaduct Basin - Marina in downtown Auckland, venue for the America's Cup regatta 2000 and 2003. It is now a thriving commercial centre.
- Botany Town Centre, Howick - a complete shopping complex, one of the largest in Auckland including a cinema, bowling alley, food court and many shops to visit.
Botany Town Centre, Howick
See also
- Auckland City, the territorial authority covering Auckland isthmus
- Auckland Grammar School, one of New Zealand's most prestigious and controversial schools
- Auckland (region), about the territorial authority of Auckland Region
- George Eden, 1st Earl of Auckland
External links
- Auckland City Council: [http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/ aucklandcity.govt.nz]
- Tourism Auckland: [http://www.aucklandnz.com/ aucklandnz.com]
- Leisure & Lifestyle: [http://www.searchauckland.co.nz/ 1], [http://www.auckland-life.com 2], [http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=10101744 3], [http://www.nz.co.nz/nz/skyscroll/default.asp 4]
- Street maps: [http://www.wises.co.nz 1], [http://www.nzmaps.co.nz 2]
- Healthcare: [http://www.adhb.govt.nz/ Auckland], [http://www.whl.co.nz/ Waitemata], [http://www.cmdhb.govt.nz/ Counties Manukau]
- News: [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/ nzherald.co.nz]
- Transport: [http://www.rideline.co.nz/ Buses & trains], [http://traffic.transit.govt.nz/ Traffic-cams], [http://www.auckland-airport.co.nz/ Airport], [http://www.aucklandmotorways.co.nz/ Motorway Info]
References
- [http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/CommProfiles.nsf/FindInfobyArea/514500-au New Windsor community profile]
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Category: Auckland
category: Cities and towns in New Zealand
category: Isthmuses
Category: Coastal cities
ko:오클랜드 (뉴질랜드)
ja:オークランド (ニュージーランド)
Dick HubbardDick Hubbard, B.Tech. (Food Tech.), founder and principal of Hubbards Foods in Auckland, New Zealand, includes in his background the building of a tropical fruit processing company from scratch in Niue.
More recently, he founded New Zealand Businesses for Social Responsibility (BSR) (now the Sustainable Business Network) and became Chairman of the New Zealand National Parks & Conservation Foundation.
He was elected Mayor of Auckland on October 9, 2004, replacing John Banks.
External link
- [http://www.hubbards.co.nz/dick.php Profile at Hubbards Foods]
Hubbard, Dick
Hubbard, Dick
Hauraki Gulf
The Hauraki Gulf is a coastal feature of the North Island of New Zealand. The gulf lies between Auckland, the Coromandel Peninsula, and the Hauraki Plains.
Sheltered location
The waters of the gulf are part of the Pacific Ocean, which it connects to in the north and east. The gulf is largely protected from the Pacific by Great Barrier Island and Hauturu/Little Barrier Island to the north, and by the 80 kilometre long finger of land that is the Coromandel Peninsula to the east.
Three large channels join the gulf to the Pacific. Colville Channel lies between the Coromandel Peninsula and Great Barrier, Cradock Channel lies between the two islands, and Jellicoe Channel lies between Little Barrier and the coast of the North Auckland Peninsula.
To the north of Auckland several peninsulas jut into the gulf, notably the Whangaparaoa Peninsula. Kawau Island is located close to this peninsula.
Islands
In the west of the gulf lie a string of islands guarding the mouth of the Waitemata Harbour, one of Auckland's two harbours. These include Ponui Island, Waiheke Island and the iconic dome of Rangitoto Island (a dormant volcano), which is connected to the much older Motutapu Island by a causeway. The islands are separated from the mainland by the Tamaki Strait and Rangitoto Channel.
Other islands located in the gulf include Browns Island, Motuihe Island, Pakihi Island, Pakatoa Island, Rakino Island, and Rotoroa Island in the inner gulf, around Waiheke and Rangitoto; Motukawao Islands and Whanganui Island in the lee of the Coromandel Peninsula; and Channel Island and Tiritiri Matangi Island in the outer gulf.
The Firth of Thames
At the southern end of the Hauraki Gulf is the large pool known as the Firth of Thames. Beyond this lie the Hauraki Plains, formed by the Waihou/Thames River and the Piako River. The Hunua Ranges and hills of the Coromandel Peninsula rise on either side of the plains.
Beaches
Numerous beaches dot the shores of the gulf, notably at Duders Beach, Kawakawa Bay, Maraetai, and Orere Point.
National significance recognised in legislation
Sections 7 and 8 of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park Act 2000 state:
7 Recognition of national significance of Hauraki Gulf
- (1) The interrelationship between the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments and the ability of that interrelationship to sustain the life-supporting capacity of the environment of the Hauraki Gulf and its islands are matters of national significance.
- (2) The life-supporting capacity of the environment of the Gulf and its islands includes the capacity—
- (a) to provide for—
- (i) the historic, traditional, cultural, and spiritual relationship of the tangata whenua of the Gulf with the Gulf and its islands; and
- (ii) the social, economic, recreational, and cultural well-being of people and communities:
- (b) to use the resources of the Gulf by the people and communities of the Gulf and New Zealand for economic activities and recreation:
- (c) to maintain the soil, air, water, and ecosystems of the Gulf.
8 Management of Hauraki Gulf
: To recognise the national significance of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments, the objectives of the management of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments are—
- (a) the protection and, where appropriate, the enhancement of the life-supporting capacity of the environment of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments:
- (b) the protection and, where appropriate, the enhancement of the natural, historic, and physical resources of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments:
- (c) the protection and, where appropriate, the enhancement of those natural, historic, and physical resources (including kaimoana) of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments with which tangata whenua have an historic, traditional, cultural, and spiritual relationship:
- (d) the protection of the cultural and historic associations of people and communities in and around the Hauraki Gulf with its natural, historic, and physical resources:
- (e) the maintenance and, where appropriate, the enhancement of the contribution of the natural, historic, and physical resources of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments to the social and economic well-being of the people and communities of the Hauraki Gulf and New Zealand:
- (f) the maintenance and, where appropriate, the enhancement of the natural, historic, and physical resources of the Hauraki Gulf, its islands, and catchments, which contribute to the recreation and enjoyment of the Hauraki Gulf for the people and communities of the Hauraki Gulf and New Zealand.
Category: New Zealand coastline
Category: Auckland
Category: Bays of New Zealand
Category:Thames-Coromandel
North Shore, New Zealand
North Shore City (usually informally just the North Shore, or sometimes North Auckland or North Harbour) in New Zealand is one of several officialy recognised cities in the Auckland metropolitan area, and the fourth largest city by area in the country, though the Auckland conurbation is usually thought of as being a single city by its residents, but North Shore residents are the least likely to accept this.
North Shore is bounded by the Waitemata Harbour to the south and the Rangitoto Channel of the Hauraki Gulf to the east. The Auckland Harbour Bridge connects it to Auckland City on the south side of the Waitemata Harbour. Devonport is home to the main base of the Royal New Zealand Navy and Albany is home to Massey University's Auckland campus.
The seat of the North Shore City Council is in Takapuna. The city is divided into three wards, Harbour, Northern and Central, and each ward is further divided into two community boards. Inner suburbs include
- Milford, Takapuna, Belmont, Devonport, Bayswater, Northcote, Birkenhead, Highbury, Hillcrest, Glenfield, Wairau Valley, Westlake and Forrest Hill. Outer suburbs include Birkdale, Beach Haven, North Harbour, Albany, Long Bay
- , Torbay
- , Waiake
- , Browns Bay
- , Rothesay Bay
- , Murrays Bay
- , Mairangi Bay
- , Campbells Bay
- and Castor Bay. Those with an asterisk, along with several other minor beaches on the Hauraki Gulf coast, are collectively known as East Coast Bays.
The East Coast Bays boasts some of the most expensive real estate in New Zealand. Running North from Takapuna Beach to Milford, the stretch of coast is often referred to as "the million dollar mile" and many properties there have sold for several million dollars (NZ$) particularly because of the fine beaches, popular schools and shopping centres.
Commuting within the North Shore itself can be done relatively easily, but those who commute to Auckland City and and need to cross the Auckland Harbour Bridge face severe traffic congestion. The alternative route through western suburbs is also prone to nose-to-tail traffic at peak times. As with the greater Auckland area, there has been discussion regarding the problem at both national and local government levels.
The last five years have seen tremendous growth in the Albany area. This once quiet rural suburb has become the commercial centre of the North Shore. A number of retailers have built "super stores" in the area, anticipating ongoing commercial growth and expansion. The area has also experienced the construction of intense cheaper housing, and thousands of acres of farmland has been turned into mini-suburbs comprising hundreds of houses all of a similar design. As such, the Albany area has attracted hundreds of millions of investment dollars.
The North Shore continues to expand northwards. The township of Orewa, 25 kilometres north of Takapuna, was once something of a holiday resort. It is now linked by the Northern Motorway and will eventually be swallowed up in the North Shore's northward expansion.
External links
- [http://www.northshorecity.govt.nz/ The city council's site]
- [http://wikitravel.org/en/article/North_Shore_(New_Zealand) Wikitravel North Shore page]
Category:Auckland
category: Cities and towns in New Zealand
Category:Territorial Authorities of New Zealand
Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is the large body of water between Australia and New Zealand and is a south-western segment of the South Pacific Ocean. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, discoverer of New Zealand and Tasmania. The British explorer Captain James Cook later extensively explored the Tasman Sea in the 1770s as part of his first voyage of discovery.
The Tasman Sea is deemed by the International Hydrographic Organisation to include the waters to the east of the Australian states New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. The northern state of Queensland neighbours the Coral Sea, and the boundary between New South Wales and Queensland is also used as the boundary between the two seas.
The Tasman Sea features a number of mid-sea island groups, quite apart from coastal islands located near the Australian and New Zealand mainlands:
- Lord Howe Island and its subsidiary islands
- Ball's Pyramid
- Norfolk Island, in the extreme north of the Tasman Sea, on the border with the Coral Sea
These island groups are each Australian possessions.
Category:Geography of Australia
Category:New Zealand coastline
Category:Seas
ko:태즈먼 해
Remuera
Parnell
Remuera is a suburban area within Auckland city, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located four kilometres to the southeast of the city centre. According to the 2001 census, Remuera has a population of 6324.
The suburb extends from Hobson Bay and the Orakei Basin (two arms of the Waitemata Harbour to the north and east, to the main thoroughfare of State Highway 1 in the southwest. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Newmarket, Greenlane and Meadowbank.
Traditionally occupied by the higher-income bracket, the suburb has become regarded as the stereotypical retreat of the rich in popular New Zealand thought, and is therefore used as a name to describe this income group - usually in disparaging tones. The term "Remuera tractor", for example, is a common nickname for SUV vehicles.
The name Remuera is Maori, and was originally Remuwera, meaning burnt flax clothing.
category: Auckland urban districts
Mount Eden
Mount Eden is an inner suburb of Auckland, New Zealand, surrounded by Three Kings, Balmoral, Newmarket, and Epsom. It is located five kilometres south of the city centre.
The central focus of the suburb is an extinct volcano whose summit (at 196 metres) is the highest in Auckland.
Another key feature of the suburb is the town centre, which is regarded by residents as the "Home Of Arts" in Auckland, due to the large amount of creative activity in and around the suburb and large numbers of artists who live nearby. To most New Zealanders, however, the name Mount Eden is inextricably linked with another of the suburb's features, the country's best known prison.
prison
prison]
Category: Auckland urban districts
Eden, Mount
Eden
Morningside, New Zealand
Morningside is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is located four kilometres south-west of the city centre, close to Eden Park and Western Springs.
The residential suburb lies between the suburbs of Grey Lynn, Kingsland, Sandringham, and Mount Albert, near the arterial North-Western Motorway and Western Railway line.
Morningside has become known in popular culture by its association with the animated TV show 'Bro'Town'.
External link
[http://www.wises.co.nz/map/default.asp?street=MORNINGSIDE+Drive&suburb=MORNINGSIDE&town=Auckland&sttype=&id=55498|2&svctype=1&mapaction=0&mapwhich=0&mapsize=3&width=640&height=640&businesses=1&brad=25&color=-1&filled=0&e=2665870&n=6479580&routemethod=0&s_id=&radius=&zoom=3&move=true&zoomin=false Wises street map]
category: Auckland urban districts
Grey Lynn
Westmere
Grey Lynn is an inner residential suburb of Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand.
The suburb is located three kilometres to the west of the city centre, and is surrounded by the suburbs of Western Springs, Westmere, and Ponsonby. Originally a separate borough, Grey Lynn amalgamated with Auckland city in 1914.
The suburb is centred around Grey Lynn Park which was not part of the original subdivision of 1883 since the land was too steep and too wet to build houses on. In 1914 the land was drained and levelled for playing fields. The park is noted for the annual Grey Lynn Festival which attracts around 100,000 visitors on the third Saturday in November each year.
For many years Grey Lynn was a Polynesian-dominated suburb, however in recent years there has been a wave of "gentrification" accompanied by soaring house prices and increasing numbers of housing developments that have attracted controversy since they are intensive developments and they are out of character with the original timber villas.
External links
- [http://www.greylynnparkfestival.co.nz/ Grey Lynn Festival]
- [http://greylynn.nz.co.nz/ Grey Lynn Online]
category: Auckland urban districts
Ponsonby, New Zealand
Ponsonby is an inner suburban area of the city of Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located two kilometres to the west of the city centre. Ponsonby is surrounded by the suburbs of St. Mary's Bay, Freemans Bay, Herne Bay, and Grey Lynn.
The suburb was originally called Dedwood in 1845, but the name was changed to Ponsonby in 1873. The origin of the name is not certain, but it is possible the suburb was named after prominent early Auckland resident Lieutenant-Colonel Ponsonby Peacocke.
According to the 2001 census, Ponsonby has a population of 5697.
category: Auckland urban districts
Herne Bay, New ZealandSee also Herne Bay.
Herne Bay is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is located on the southwestern shore of the Waitemata Harbour to the west of the Auckland Harbour Bridge.
Herne Bay is under the local governance of the Auckland City Council.
According to the 2001 census, Herne Bay has a population of 2841.
category:Auckland urban districts
Orakei
Orakei is a suburb of Auckland city, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located on a peninsula five kilometres to the east of the city centre, close to the shore of the Waitemata Harbour, which lies to the north, and Hobson Bay and the Orakei Basin, two arms of the Waitemata, which lie to the west and south. To the east are the suburbs of Kohimarama and Mission Bay.
The mouth of the Waitemata is to the immediate north of Orakei, lying between Bastion Point and North Head, the latter of which is in Devonport.
The suburb achieved national attention in 1977 when Maori protestors occupied vacant land at Bastion Point. Land which had formerly belonged to the Ngati Whatua iwi had been acquired cheaply for public works many decades before, and members of the tribe occupied the land demanding its return. The site was largely returned to the iwi after a long and not entirely bloodless occupation.
category: Auckland urban districts
Tamaki, New Zealand
Tamaki is a suburb of the city of Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located in the east of the city, 11 kilometres from the city centre, by the banks of the estuarial Tamaki River, which is a southern arm of the Hauraki Gulf. The suburb is between the suburbs of Point England to the north and Panmure to the south.
Tamaki is under the local governance of the Auckland City Council.
According to the 2001 census, Tamaki has a population of 4263.
Volcano
To the west of the suburb is Mount Wellington, a 137-metre volcanic peak which is part of the Auckland Volcanic Field, and which was formed by an eruption around 9,000 years ago.
Robert Muldoon
For many years, Tamaki's most famous resident was the somewhat volcanic Prime Minister of New Zealand Robert Muldoon, who was Member of Parliament for the Tamaki electorate (which included parts of several adjoining suburbs, mostly north and north-west) from 1960 until 1991.
Related names
By a quirk of geographical naming, the suburb of East Tamaki is located several kilometres to the south of Tamaki.
The name Tamaki is of contested origin. It is an ancient Polynesian word for battle; it can also mean full of people, i.e., heavily populated - an ironic possibility given that the Maori name of the heavily populated Auckland isthmus in Maori is Tamaki-makau-rau. A third possible origin of the names is Ta-Maki, meaning successful attack by Maki, which was the name of a local tribal chief.
The name has become a surname. See, for example, Brian Tamaki of the Destiny Church.
category: Auckland urban districts
Mount Wellington, New Zealand
Mount Wellington is a peak and a suburb in Auckland City, New Zealand
The peak
Mount Wellington is a 137 metre volcanic peak located in the Auckland volcanic field of Auckland, New Zealand. It was formed by an eruption around 9,000 years ago.
Named by colonists after the Duke of Wellington, the native Maori people called it Maungarei and used it for centuries as a pa or hill fort.
Much of the old lava flow surrounding the mountain is being quarried for industrial aggregates. The volcanic scoria cone is of the greatest geological and archaeological interest however.
The suburb
The suburb surrounding the peak is also called Mount Wellington, and is located 10 kilometres southeast of the city centre. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Tamaki, Panmure, Penrose, New Zealand, and Ellerslie, and by the Tamaki River.
External link
- [http://www.arc.govt.nz/volcanic/mtwellington.htm Auckland Regional Council: Mount Wellington]
Wellington, Mount
Category:Auckland urban districts
Wellington, Mount
Wellington
Ellerslie, New Zealand
Ellerslie is a suburb of the city of Auckland in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located nine kilometres to the southeast of the city centre close to State Highway 1, and is surrounded by the suburbs of St Johns Park, Mount Wellington, Penrose, Oranga, Greenlane, and Remuera.
A largely residential suburb, the area's best known feature is Auckland's main horse racing course, the Ellerslie Racecourse. Apart from racing, the race course is the venue for Auckland's biggest car fair for used vehicles every Sunday.
The suburb was named by early local politician and entrepreneur Robert Graham, after his father's home in Lancashire, England.
Ellerslie is under the local governance of the Auckland City Council.
According to the 2001 census, Ellerslie has a population of 7260.
category: Auckland urban districts
Penrose, New Zealand
Penrose is an industrial area in the city of Auckland, New Zealand. It is located to the southeast of the city centre, at a distance of about nine kilometres, between the suburbs of Oranga and Mount Wellington, and close to the Mangere Inlet, an arm of the Manukau Harbour.
Penrose is under the local governance of the Auckland City Council.
The area was first settled by Europeans as a military establishment during the Maori Wars in the mid 1860s.
Ericsson Stadium, formerly known as Mount Smart Stadium, is located in Penrose.
According to the 2001 census, Penrose has a population of 573.
category: Auckland urban districts
Oranga
Royal Oak
Oranga is a small residential suburb in Auckland, New Zealand. It is located nine kilometres to the southeast of the city centre, between the commercial suburbs of Te Papapa and Penrose to the south and east, and the residential suburbs of One Tree Hill and Onehunga to the north and west, with which it is frequently confused.
It used to be a neighbourhood of state houses for low-income families, but it is rapidly gentrifying. Private investors have bought up many of the state houses for renovation, and to subdivide their generous sections. Real estate agents increasingly advertise these houses as belonging to the wealthier suburb of One Tree Hill.
category: Auckland urban districts
Onehunga
Royal Oak
Onehunga is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is located eight kilometres to the south of the city centre, close to the volcanic cone of One Tree Hill (Maungakiekie).
The residential and light-industrial suburb lies between the suburbs of Royal Oak, Oranga, and Te Papapa, close to the Mangere Bridge and the north shore of the Manukau Harbour.
In 1893, Elizabeth Yates became mayor of Onehunga borough, thus becoming the first woman to hold the post of mayor anywhere in the British Empire.
Other meanings of Onehunga
- Onehunga is also a former name of Karaka Bay, on the Miramar Peninsula, Wellington.
- Onehunga Bay is located on the coast of the Tasman Sea near Porirua.
External link
[http://homepages.paradise.net.nz/r-c/chrono2.html Onehunga timeline]
category: Auckland urban districts
Epsom, New Zealand
Epsom is an inner suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is located between Mt Eden and One Tree Hill, south of Newmarket, and five kilometres south of the city centre.
The area is known for its tree-lined, well-ordered streets, parks and a great variety of architecture, with century-old villas competing with late 20th century modern housing. The University of Auckland Faculty of Education(formerly known as the Auckland College of Education) campus is situated at this district.
Epsom is noted for Auckland Grammar School and Epsom Girls' Grammar School.
Epsom is also the name of an electorate that includes Epsom, Remuera, Parnell, Broadway Park, and part of Balmoral. Former Auckland Mayor Christine Fletcher, was elected as Member of Parliament for Epsom in 1996. This electorate as of 2005 is the wealthiest in the country, with an average income well above the national average.
With the 2005 General Election the MP for Epsom is Rodney Hide, leader of the ACT Party, who replaced Richard Worth of the National Party. To get into Parliament, a political party needs either an electorate seat or 5% of the party vote. Because Act was polling at around 2%, and polls also showed the balance between left wing and right wing parties was very slim, it was clear well before the election that the Epsom electorate could make a key difference in the Government. This lead many right-wing voters to abandon center-right National party, and vote tactically for Act. Similarly, some center left voters voted for National in an attempt to prevent Rodney Hide from bringing himself and other Act MPs into parliament. As it turned out, Rodney Hide won, and brought one other MP, Heather Roy, into Parliament. However, this was not enough to stop Helen Clark forming a center-left government (though likely made it more difficult to do so).
Category:Auckland urban districts
Mount Roskill, New Zealand
Wesley
Mount Roskill is a volcanic peak and suburban area in the city of Auckland, New Zealand.
The peak, which is to the southwest end of the suburb, is 110 metres in height, and is one of the many extinct cones which dot the inner city of Auckland, all of which are part of the Auckland Volcanic Field.
The suburb is located seven kilometres to the south of the city centre, and is surrounded by the neighbouring suburbs of Three Kings, Sandringham, Wesley, and Hillsborough. One of the city's larger and more historic suburbs, it was a borough from 1947 until local government reorganisation in 1989.
1989 Ranges can be seen in the distance.]]
category: Auckland urban districts
Roskill
Roskill
Blockhouse Bay, New Zealand
Blockhouse Bay is a residential suburb of Auckland, in New Zealand's North Island. It is sited on the northern coast of the Manukau Harbour, and is also close to the administrative boundary between the cities of Auckland and Waitakere, two of the four cities of the Auckland conurbation.
The suburb is located 11 kilometres to the southwest of the city centre, and is surrounded by the suburbs of Lynfield and New Windsor, and the Waitakere suburbs of New Lynn and Green Bay.
According to the 2001 census, Blockhouse Bay has a population of 5454.
History
From "Why Blockhouse Bay?" Compiled by Ketih G. Rusden for the Blockhouse Bay Historical Society Inc.
The earliest European known to have trekked through, and followed the coastline of the Manukau Harbour, in an endeavour to find if there was a waterway connecting the two harbours, was the Rev. Samuel Marsden in 1820.
Two missionaries who had arrived in New Zealand on the 30th December 1934, W. Colenso and R. Wade, walked through the Whau South area in 1838 hopeing to find a Maori settlement, but the Pa site on Te Whau point had been abandoned some time before. They remarked that the area was "open and barren heaths, dreary, sterile and wild."
The area was a popular holiday resort in the 1920s for Aucklanders, with city families making the long journey over rough roads to spend the summer in their holiday cottages or camping on the beach.
The earliest industry in 1884 was the Gittos Tannery. The early 1900s saw other industries such as poultry, orchards, potteries, strawberries, flowers, loganberries and small farm holdings.
A blockhouse site at the Whau South was chosen for two reasons:
- The elevated cleared twelve acre site provided an unobstructed view towards the Manukau Heads, the source of possible attack from southern Maori tribes.
- It was close to the Whau Portage which was the route favoured by northern Maori tribes.
category: Auckland urban districts
category: Bays of New Zealand Wikipedia:Votes for deletion/Wikipediholic - kept
An anon user placed VFD on this page an hour ago but made no entry here & no explanation (except in Edit Summary, something about "so not needed"). Because it's anon & policy hasn't been followed, I'm inclined to just remove the VFD but I'm not sure that's a legit reason. Besides, haven't we already been through this before with this page? I have a vague recollection--- Elf | Talk 21:15, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
- Oppose. This page is reference very frequently through wikipedia internal-land. Elf | Talk 21:15, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
- Nonesense listing, possibly a newbie mistake. Darksun 22:25, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
- Just remove the vfd... —siroχo 22:39, Nov 20, 2004 (UTC)
- Done. Clear vandalism by anon. Mikkalai 22:42, 20 Nov 2004 (UTC)
- Go ahead and un-VfD it. There have been folks before who did try to list this very page. I recall their having been disreputable folks. I think this is either repeated vandalism or a renewed mistake. Geogre 03:19, 21 Nov 2004 (UTC)
narty we francji doda ebay sprzet warsaw map
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