Richard Horton

Richard Horton is the present editor of The Lancet, a United Kingdom-based medical journal. Horton, Richard

The Lancet

The Lancet is one of the oldest and most respected peer-reviewed medical journals, published weekly by the Lancet Publishing Group, part of Reed Elsevier. It was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, who named it after the surgical instrument called a lancet, as well as an arched window ("to let in light"). The present editor-in-chief is Richard Horton. The Lancet is, and has been, outspoken on several important medical issues - recent examples include criticism of the WHO in the African Malaria project, its outright dismissal of homoeopathy as a therapeutic option and its disapproval of Reed Elsevier's links with the arms industry.

Impact

The Lancet has a significant readership throughout the world with a high impact factor. It publishes original research articles, review articles ("seminars" and "reviews"), editorials, book reviews, correspondences, amidst other regulars such as news and corrigenda. The Lancet is considered to be one of the top five (the 'core') general medical journals; the others being the New England Journal of Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association, the British Medical Journal and the Canadian Medical Association Journal. However, its reputation suffered a serious blow after Dr. Horton, in an editorial, endorsed the now disreputed links between MMR vaccine and autism. He subsequently went on record to apologise for his mistake, and admitted the journal's failure to note serious conflict of interest. When it published an estimate of Iraq civilian death toll - one hundred thousand - just two days before the November 2004 US Presidential Elections, it was once accused of being political, and once again, Dr. Horton was accused of 'scare-mongering'.

Journals family

The Lancet has now given birth to a few sub-speciality journals, all bearing the parent title - The Lancet Neurology (neurology), The Lancet Oncology (oncology) and The Lancet Infectious Diseases (infectious diseases). All of them have established significant reputations as medical journals, though most started out publishing only review articles.

External link

- [http://www.thelancet.com/ The Lancet]
- [http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf The Lancet Infectious Diseases]
- [http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur The Lancet Neurology]
- [http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc The Lancet Oncology]
- [http://www.thelancet.com/authors Guidelines for article submission.] Lancet Lancet Lancet nb:The Lancet

Medical journal

A medical journal is a scientific journal devoted to the field of medicine. Most medical journals are peer-reviewed. Medical journals are discussed in journal clubs at academic institutions. Some of the better known medical journals are:
- The New England Journal of Medicine
- The Lancet
- JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association)
- BMJ (British Medical Journal)

Medicine vs. health

Within the fields of research there is an ongoing cultural disagreement regarding the terms "medicine" and "health". "Medical journals" appear to privilege research by and for medical doctors. "Health journals" focus less on a single profession, and more on providing health care to clients and populations. As physicians have moved toward a less-dominant element of the health care systems their dominance in research societies and organizations has become less absolute, and there is evidence of disagreement in these organizations. An example is the Society of Adolescent Medicine in the United States, which has had several failed attempts to change the name to the Society for Adolescent Health primarily to recognize their non-physician members. However, they have changed the name of their journal to the Journal of Adolescent Health.

Review process

For an article to be accepted for publication in a medical journal it must undergo a review process. Each journal creates its own process, but they have certain common characteristics in general. There are various general "levels" of scrutiny, which have some effect on the respect given to articles published in the journals. Some broad categories might be editorial review, peer reviewed, and blind peer reviewed.

Editorial review

In this process, articles which meet the minimum requirements for submission (such as including the necessary descriptions of funding, privacy and publication releases, ethics/institutional review board approval, statements of original work, signatures of authors, and so on,) are first looked over by a managing editor or a member of an editorial board. They may be referred back to the authors for revision and resubmission, rejected, or presented to the editorial board for final approval.

Peer review

A more stringent review process includes a full peer review. After first review by a managing editor or member of an editorial board, an article which has good possibilities will be sent out for review by two or more researchers in the specific area. If these reviews are positive the article may be referred back to the authors to address any comments by the reviewers, or (rarely) may be accepted immediately by the editorial board.

Blind review

The most stringent common review process is the same as the peer review above, except all references to the authors are removed from the article before review by the researchers. This has been particularly important in medical research as there is a strong bias against articles produced by non-physicians, which are more likely to get rejected.

Content

Medical journals are a single field of scientific endeavour, but cover a wide range of topics. Inevitably there is a need for specialization. Generally speaking the journals tend to be intervention/practice focused. They may be categorized by medical specialization, client age focus, or practice focus.

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Raymond McGovern
Raymond McGovern was a member of the CIA for 27 years. Now he's a detractor of George W. Bush, because of the intelligence used to justify the war in Iraq. He is a founding member of Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity or VIPS and a active member of the Christian Community.

Reference

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