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Mutter (single)

Mutter (single)

Mutter (German for mother) is a song by Tanz-Metall band Rammstein, and is the sixth track from the album of the same name. The lyrics tell the story of a child not born from a womb but in an experiment, thus having no true father or mother.

Track Listing

# Mutter (Radio Edit) # Mutter (Vocoder Mix) # 5/4 # Mutter (Sono's Inkubator Mix) =External links=
- [http://herzeleid.com/en/lyrics/mutter#mutter Mutter lyrics] Category: Rammstein simgles Category: Rammstein songs Category: 2002 singles

German language

German (German: ), is a member of the western group of Germanic languages and is one of the world's major languages. It is the language with the most native speakers in the European Union. Spoken by more than 130 million people in 38 countries of the world, German is—like English—a pluricentric language with three main centers of usage: Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Geographic distribution

German is spoken primarily in Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, in two-thirds of Switzerland, in two-thirds of the South Tyrol province of Italy (in German, Südtirol), in the small East Cantons of Belgium, and in some border villages of the South Jutland County (in German, Nordschleswig, in Danish, Sønderjylland) of Denmark. In Luxembourg (in German, Luxemburg), as well as in the French régions of Alsace (in German, Elsass) and parts of Lorraine (in German, Lothringen), the native populations speak several German dialects, and some people also master standard German (especially in Luxembourg), although in Alsace and Lorraine French has for the most part replaced the local German dialects in the last 40 years. Some German speaking communities still survive in parts of Romania, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and above all Russia, Kazakhstan and Poland, although massive relocations to Germany in the late 1940s and 1990s have depopulated most of these communities. Outside of Europe and the former Soviet Union, the largest German speaking communities are to be found in the USA and in Brazil where millions of Germans migrated in the last 200 years; but the great majority of their descendants no longer speak German. Additionally, German speaking communities are to be found in the former German colony of Namibia, as well as in the other countries of German emigration such as Canada, Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, Peru, Venezuela (where Alemán Coloneiro developed), Thailand, and Australia. See also Plautdietsch. In the USA, the largest concentration of German speakers are in Pennsylvania (Amish, Hutterites and some Mennonites speak Pennsylvania German and Hutterite German), Texas (Texas German), North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Wisconsin and Indiana also speak dialects of German. In Brazil the largest concentrations of German speakers are in Rio Grande do Sul, where Riograndenser Hunsrückisch was developed, Santa Catarina, Paraná, and Espírito Santo). Generally, German immigrant communities in the USA have lost their mother tongue more quickly than those who moved to South America, possibly due to the fact that for Germans English is easier to learn than Portuguese or Spanish. German is the main language of about 100 million people in Europe (as of 2004), or 13.3% of all Europeans, being the most spoken language in Europe excluding Russia, above French (66.5 million speakers in Europe in 2004) and English (64.2 million speakers in Europe in 2004). German is the third most taught foreign language worldwide, also in the USA (after Spanish and French); it is the second most known foreign language in the EU (after English; see [http://europa.eu.int/comm/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_237.en.pdf]) It is one of the official languages of the European Union.

History

As a consequence of the colonisation patterns the Völkerwanderung, the routes for trade and communication (chiefly the rivers), and of physical isolation (high mountains and deep forests) very different regional dialects developed. These dialects, sometimes mutually unintelligible, were used across the Holy Roman Empire. As Germany was divided into many different states, the only force working for a unification or standardisation of German during a period of several hundred years was the general preference of writers trying to write in a way that could be understood in the largest possible area. When Martin Luther translated the Bible (the New Testament in 1521 and the Old Testament in 1534) he based his translation mainly on this already developed language, which was the most widely understood language at this time. This language was based on Eastern Upper and Eastern Central German dialects and preserved much of the grammatical system of Middle High German (unlike the spoken German dialects in Central and Upper Germany that already at that time began to lose the genitive case and the preterit tense). In the beginning, copies of the Bible had a long list for each region, which translated words unknown in the region into the regional dialect. Roman Catholics rejected Luther's translation in the beginning and tried to create their own Catholic standard (Gemeines Deutsch) — which, however, only differed from 'Protestant German' in some minor details. It took until the middle of the 18th century to create a standard that was widely accepted, thus ending the period of Early New High German. German used to be the language of commerce and government in the Habsburg Empire, which encompassed a large area of Central and Eastern Europe. Until the mid-19th century it was essentially the language of townspeople throughout most of the Empire. It indicated that the speaker was a merchant, an urbanite, not their nationality. Some cities, such as Prague (German: Prag) and Budapest (Buda, German: Ofen), were gradually Germanized in the years after their incorporation into the Habsburg domain. Others, such as Bratislava (German: Pressburg), were originally settled during the Habsburg period and were primarily German at that time. A few cities such as Milan (German: Mailand) remained primarily non-German. However, most cities were primarily German during this time, such as Prague, Budapest, Bratislava, Zagreb (German: Agram), and Ljubljana (German: Laibach), though they were surrounded by territory that spoke other languages. Until about 1800, Standard German was almost only a written language. In this time, people in urban northern Germany, who spoke dialects very different from Standard German, learnt it almost like a foreign language and tried to pronounce it as close to the spelling as possible. Prescriptive pronunciation guides used to consider that northern German pronunciation to be the standard. However, the actual pronunciation of standard German varies from region to region. Media and written works are almost all produced in standard German (often called Hochdeutsch in German), which is understood in all areas of German languages (except by pre-school children in areas which speak only dialect, for example Switzerland — but in this age of TV, even they now usually learn to understand Standard German before school age). The first dictionary of the Brothers Grimm, the 16 parts of which were issued between 1852 and 1960, remains the most comprehensive guide to the words of the German language. In 1860, grammatical and orthographic rules first appeared in the Duden Handbook. In 1901, this was declared the standard definition of the German language. Official revisions of some of these rules were not issued until 1998, when the German spelling reform of 1996 was officially promulgated by governmental representatives of all German-speaking countries. Since the reform, German spelling has been in an eight-year transitional period where the reformed spelling is taught in most schools, while traditional and reformed spelling co-exist in the media. See German spelling reform of 1996 for an overview of the heated public debate concerning the reform. During the 1870s, the German language successfully replaced Latin as the dominant language in all major European and North American universities, thanks to the prominence of German universities at the time. Most important research in the sciences for some decades afterward was published in German, and new universities preferred German instead of Greek or Latin mottoes (for example, Stanford University).

Classification and related languages

Stanford University is divided into Upper German (blue) and Central German (green), and the Dutch/Plattdüütsch (yellow). The main isoglosses, the Benrath and Speyer lines are marked in red.]] German is a member of the western branch of the Germanic family of languages, which in turn is part of the Indo-European language family.

Neighboring languages

German forms together with Dutch, its closest relative, a coherent and well-defined language area that is separated from its neighbors by language borders. These neighbors are: in the north Frisian and Danish; in the east Polish, Sorbian, Czech, Slovak, and Hungarian; in the south Slovenian, Italian, Friulian, Ladin, and Romansh; in the west French. Except for Frisian, none of these languages are West Germanic, and so they are clearly distinct from German and Dutch. While Frisian is closely related to German and Dutch, it is generally considered not to be mutually intelligible with them. The situation is more complex with respect to the distinction between German and Dutch. Until recently, there has been a dialect continuum throughout the whole German-Dutch language area, with no language borders. In such a dialect continuum, dialects are always mutually intelligible with their neighbors, but dialects that are further apart from each other are often not. The German-Dutch continuum lent itself to a classification of dialects into Low German and High German based on their participation in the High German consonant shift; Dutch is part of the Low German group. However, because of the political separation between Germany and the Netherlands, Low German dialects in the Netherlands and Low German dialects in Germany have started to diverge during the 20th century. Additionally, both in northern Germany and in the Netherlands, many dialects are close to extinction and are being replaced by the German and Dutch standard languages. In this way, a language border between Dutch and German is currently forming. While German is grammatically similar in many ways to Dutch, it is very different in speech. A speaker of one may require some practice to effectively understand a speaker of the other. Compare, for example: :De kleinste kameleon is volwassen 2 cm groot, de grootste kan wel 80 cm worden. (Dutch) :Das kleinste Chamäleon ist ausgewachsen 2 cm groß, das größte kann gut 80 cm werden. (Standard German) : (English: "The smallest chameleon is fully grown 2 cm long, the longest can easily attain 80 cm.") Dutch speakers are generally able to read German, and German speakers who can speak Low German or English are generally able to read Dutch, but have problems understanding the spoken language, although Germans who speak High German, or, even better, Low German, can cope with Dutch much better than people from Southern Germany, Switzerland and Austria who have grown up with the Alemannic or Bavarian dialects.

Official status

Standard German is the only official language in Germany, Liechtenstein, and Austria; it shares official status in Switzerland (with French, Italian and Romansh), and Luxembourg (with French and Luxembourgish). It is used as a local official language in German-speaking regions of Belgium, Italy, Denmark, and Poland. It is one of the 20 official languages of the European Union. It is also a minority language in Canada, France, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Poland, Romania, Togo, Cameroon, the USA, Namibia, Brazil, Paraguay, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Ukraine, Croatia, Moldavia, Australia, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. German was once the lingua franca of central, eastern and northern Europe. Increasing influence from the English language has affected German recently. However, German remains one of the most popular foreign languages taught world-wide, and is more popular than French as a foreign language in Europe. 8% of citizens of the EU-15 countries say they can converse in German, in addition to the 24% who speak German as a mother tongue.[http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/policies/lang/languages/index_en.html] This is assisted by the availability of German TV by cable or satellite, where series like Star Trek are shown dubbed into German. German is also the second language of the Internet, more than 8% of the websites are in German (English 50%, French 6%, Japanese 5%, Spanish 3% and Portuguese 2%).

Dialects

The term "German" is used for the dialects of Germany, Austria, German-speaking Switzerland (that is, outside the French-, Italian-, and Romansch-speaking areas) and some areas in the surrounding countries, as well as for several colonies and other ethnic concentrations founded by German-speaking people (for example German in the United States). The variation among the German dialects is considerable. Only the neighbouring dialects are mutually understandable. Most dialects are not understandable for someone who knows standard German. However, all German dialects belong to the dialect continuum of the continental West Germanic languages because any pair of neighbouring dialects is perfectly mutually intelligible. The dialect continuum of the continental West Germanic languages is typically divided into Low Germanic languages and High Germanic languages. Low Germanic is defined as the varieties that were not affected by the High German consonant shift. They consist of two subgroups, Low Franconian and Plattdüütsch (Low German). Low Franconian includes Dutch and Afrikaans, spoken primarily in the Netherlands, Belgium and South Africa; Plattdüütsch includes dialects spoken primarily in the German Lowlands and in the eastern Netherlands. The Plattdüütsch varieties are considered dialects of the German language by some, but a separate language by others; the Low Franconian varieties are not considered a part of the German language (see above for a discussion of the distinction between German and Dutch). High Germanic is divided into Central German and Upper German. Central German dialects include Ripuarian, Moselle Franconian, Rhine Franconian, Hessian, Thuringian and Upper Saxon. It is spoken in the southeastern Netherlands, eastern Belgium, Luxembourg, parts of France, and in Germany approximately between the River Main and the southern edge of the Lowlands. Modern Standard German is mostly based on Central German. The Moselle Franconian varieties spoken in Luxembourg have been officially standardized and institutionalized and are therefore usually considered a separate language, Luxembourgish language. Upper German dialects include Alemannic (for instance Swiss German), Swabian, East Franconian, and Austro-Bavarian. They are spoken in parts of the Alsace, southern Germany, Liechtenstein, Austria, and in the German-speaking parts of Switzerland and Italy. The High German varieties spoken by Ashkenazi Jews (mostly in the former Soviet Union) have several unique features, and are usually considered as a separate language, Yiddish. The dialects of German which are or were primarily spoken in colonies founded by German speaking people resemble the dialects of the regions the founders came from (for example Pennsylvania German resembles dialects of the Palatinate, or Hutterite German resembles dialects of Carinthia). In the United States, the teaching of the German language to latter-age students has given rise to a pidgin variant which combines the German language with the grammar and spelling rules of the English language. It is often understandable by either party. The speakers of this language often refer to it as Amerikanisch or Amerikanischdeutsch, although it is known in English as American German.

Standard German

In German linguistics, only the traditional regional varieties are called dialects, not the different varieties of standard German. Standard German has originated not as a traditional dialect of a specific region, but as a written language. However, there are places where the traditional regional dialects have been replaced by standard German (especially in major cities of Germany, and to some extent in Vienna). Standard German differs regionally, especially between German-speaking countries, especially in vocabulary, but also in some instances of pronunciation and even grammar. This variation must not be confused with the variation of local dialects. Even though the regional varieties of standard German are to a certain degree influenced by the local dialects, they are very distinct. German is thus considered a pluricentric language. In most regions, the speakers use a continuum of mixtures from more dialectical varieties to more standard varieties according to situation. In the German-speaking parts of Switzerland, mixtures of dialect and standard are very seldom used, and the use of standard German is almost entirely restricted to the written language. Therefore, this situation has been called a medial diglossia. Standard German is rarely spoken, for instance when speaking with people who do not understand the Swiss German dialects at all, and it is expected to be used in school.

Grammar

Main article: German grammar German is an inflected language.

Noun inflection

German nouns inflect into:
- one of four declension classes
- one of three genders: masculine, feminine, or neuter. Word endings indicate some grammatical genders; others are arbitrary and must be memorised.
- two numbers: singular and plural
- four cases: nominative, genitive, dative, and accusative case. Although German is usually cited as an outstanding example of a highly inflected language, it should be noted that the degree of inflection is considerably less than in Old German, or in Icelandic today. The three genders have collapsed in the plural, which now behaves, grammatically, somewhat as a fourth gender. With four cases and three genders plus plural there are 16 distinct possible combinations of case and gender/number, but presently there are only six forms of the definite article used for the 16 possibilities. Inflection for case on the noun itself is required in the singular for strong masculine and neuter nouns in the genitive and sometimes in the dative. This dative ending is considered somewhat old-fashioned in many contexts and often dropped, but it is still used in sayings and in formal speech or written language. Weak masculine nouns share an common case ending for genitive, dative and accusative in the singular. Feminines are not declined in the singular. The plural does have an inflection for the dative. In total, six inflectional endings (not counting plural markers) exist in German: -s, -es, -n, -en, -ns, -e In the German orthography, unlike any other orthography, nouns and most words with the syntactical function of nouns are capitalised, which makes it quite easy for readers to find out what function a word has within the sentence. On the other hand, things get more difficult for the writer. Like most Germanic languages, German forms left-branching noun compounds, where the first noun modifies the category given by the second, for example: Hundehütte (eng. doghouse). Unlike English, where newer compounds or combinations of longer nouns are often written in open form with separating spaces, German (like the other German languages) always uses the closed form without spaces, for example: Baumhaus (eng. tree house). Like English, German allows arbitrarily long compounds, but these are rare. (See also English compounds.) The longest official German word is Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz. There is even a child's game played in kindergartens and primary schools where a child begins the spelling of a word (which is not told) by naming the first letter. The next one tells the next letter, the third one tells the third and so on. The game is over when the a child can not think of another letter to be added to the word.

Verb Inflection

Standard German verbs inflect into:
- one of two conjugation classes, weak and strong (like English). (note: in fact there is a third class, called "gemischte Verben", which can be either weak ("active meaning") or strong ("passive meaning")) There are about 200 irregular verbs.
- three persons: 1st, 2nd, 3rd.
- two numbers: singular and plural
- three moods: Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative
- two genera verbi: active and passive; the passive being composed and dividable into static and dynamic.
- 2 non-composed tenses (Present, Preterite) and 4 composed tenses (Perfect, Plusquamperfect, Future I, Future II)
- no distinction between aspects (in English, perfect and progressive; in Polish between completed and incompleted form; in Turkish between first-hand and second-hand information) There are also many ways to expand, an sometimes radically change, the meaning of a base verb through several prefixes. Example: haften=to stick, verhaften=to imprison The word order is much more flexible than in English. The word order can be changed for subtle changes of a sentence's meaning. In normal positive sentences the verb always has position 2, in questions it has position 1. Most German vocabulary is derived from the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family, although there are significant minorities of words derived from Latin, French, and most recently English.

Writing system

German is written using the Latin alphabet. In addition to the 26 standard letters, German has three vowels with Umlaut, namely ä, ö and ü, as well as a special symbol for "ss", which is used only after long vowels or diphthongs (and not used at all in Switzerland), the Eszett or Scharfes-S (sharp "s") ß. Until the early 20th century, German was mostly printed in blackletter typefaces (mostly in Fraktur, but also in Schwabacher) and written in corresponding handwriting (for example Kurrent and Sütterlin). These variants of the Latin alphabet are very different from the serif or sans serif antiqua typefaces used today, and are difficult for the untrained to read. They were abolished by the Nazis (incorrectly claiming that these letters are Jewish) in 1941 but this has been retained for broader and easier usability.

Alphabet

Main article: German alphabet.

Phonology

Main article: German phonology (pronunciation, historical sound changes).

Cognates with English

There are many German words that are cognate to English words. Most of them are easily identifiable and have almost the same meaning. When these cognates have slightly different consonants, this is often due to the High German consonant shift. There are cognates whose meanings in either language have changed through the centuries. It is sometimes difficult for both English and German speakers to discern the relationship. On the other hand, once the definitions are made clear, then the logical relation becomes obvious. There are many English loanwords in German, and a somewhat smaller number of German loanwords in English. Sometimes these also involve semantic changes, for example German Dogge, 'mastiff', from English dog, or German Handy, 'mobile phone'. German and English also share many borrowings from other languages, especially from Latin, French and Greek, but also from many other languages. Most of these word have the same meaning, while a few have subtle differences in meaning. As many of these words have been borrowed by numerous languages, not only German and English, they are called internationalisms in German linguistics.

Examples of German

Names of the German language in other languages

Because of the turbulent history of both Germany and the German language, the names that other peoples have chosen to use to refer to it varies more than for most other languages. In general, the names for the German language can be arranged in five groups according to their origin: Lao is unique in that both under the influence of English "German" (through Thai "yenman") and French (the colonial language) "Allemand", it chose a name in between: ພາສາເຢຍລະມັນ (phaxa yeylaman), which could be ranked both under category 2 and category 5. Note: The Romanian language used to use in the past the Slavonic term "nemţeşte", but "germană" is now widely used. Hungarian "német" is also a Slavonic loan-word. The Arabic name for Austria, النمسا ("an-namsa"), is derived from the Slavonic term. A possible explanation for the use of "mute" to refer to German (and also to Germans) in Slavic languages is that Germans were the first people Slavic tribes encountered, with whom they could not communicate. The corresponding experience for the Germans was with the Volcae, whose name they subsequently also applied to the Slavs, see etymology of Vlach. Hebrew traditionally (nowadays this is not the case) used the Biblical term Ashkenaz (Genesis 10.3) to refer to Germany, or to certain parts of it, and the Ashkenazi Jews are those who originate from Germany and Eastern Europe and formerly spoke Yiddish as their native language, derived from Middle High German.

External links

-
- [http://www.declan-software.com/german German language learning audio software]
- [http://learno.com/german Online Learno german course] Free online German tutorial at Learno.com
- [http://www.washjeff.edu/capl/ Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon] Free online visual lexicon of the German language with authentic photos from German speaking world.
- [http://www.sprachtausch.net Sprachtausch.net] — German website to find someone to teach you, for example german in exchange with your language.
- [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=deu Ethnologue report for German]
- [http://www.travlang.com/languages/german/ihgg/ Internet Handbook of German Grammar]
- [http://www.lsa.umich.edu/german/hmr/ German resources] at the University of Michigan
- [http://german.languages4everyone.com Learn German Online] with this internet German course for beginners
- [http://www.dw-world.de/dw/0,1595,2469,00.html Deutsche Welle's Online German Courses]
- [http://www.applelanguages.com/en/learn/german.php German courses in Germany]
- [http://www.vds-ev.de Verein Deutsche Sprache] (in German)
- A beginning [http://wikibooks.org/wiki/German German Language Textbook] under development at [http://wikibooks.org/ Wikibooks]
- [http://www.diwa.info/ Digital Wenker-Atlas] Project publishing the 19th century Linguistic Atlas of the German Empire
- [http://www.geocities.com/language_directory/languages/german.htm List of online German-related resources]
- [http://eserver.org/langs/the-awful-german-language.txt That awful German language] — A humourous essay by Mark Twain
- [http://how-to-learn-any-language.com/e/languages/german/index.html Why learn German? A German language profile]
- [http://www.vistawide.com/german/why_german.htm Why learn German?] — 12 reasons to learn German
- [http://www.actilingua.com/german_courses/german_language.php Short summary on German language and varieties with a map!]
- [http://www.ielanguages.com/German.html Free German Language Tutorial from ielanguages.com]
- [http://www.passwort-deutsch.de/ Passwort Deutsch] - A German course
- [http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/ Learn German Online] containing free courses
- [http://www.loecsen.com/travel/discover_pop.php?lang=en&to_lang=1&learn-German/ Learn and listen to useful expressions in German] Each expression is presented with an audio recording and an illustration
- [http://www.expatica.com/source/site_content_subchannel.asp?subchannel_id=37&name=Germany+Education Articles on learning German] Also has a service whereby learners of German can send questions to a German teacher

Dictionary and word translations

- [http://dict.leo.org/ The LEO Online Dictionary] German-English-German dictionary at Leo.org
- [http://dict.tu-chemnitz.de/ TU Chemnitz Dictionary] a 185000+ German-English Dictionary with proverbs and pronounciation
- [http://www.dict.cc/ dict.cc: User-editable German-English-German Dictionary] works similar to Wikipedia, more than 840,000 keywords (420,000 translation pairs)
- [http://odge.info/ Odge.info] uses dict.cc's data according to [http://odge.info/License/ license] page
- [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/German-english/ German — English Dictionary]: from [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org Webster's Online Dictionary] — the Rosetta Edition.
- [http://www.canoo.net/index_en.html German Grammar, Online Dictionary for Spelling, Infection and Wordformation for the German Language]
- [http://www.geodic.de GEODic] German-English-Online-Dictionary
- [http://www.woerterbuch.info woerterbuch.info — Free English-German Online Dictionary] with over 600.000 translations
- [http://www.dwds.de The Digital Dictonary Project]in German - Dictionary, Corpus and Statistics
- http://www.dedict.de - English-German Online Dictionary
- http://www.spell-it.net - Free English-German Online Dictionary

Grammar

- [http://www.wm.edu/modlang/gasmit/grammar/grammnu.html Grammar of German]
- [http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/~skidmore/grammarpage.htm German Grammar on the Web]
- [http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~oberle/courses/review.html German Review Grammar]
- [http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~greal/netzgrammatik/grammar.html German Grammar Charts]

Reference

Rammstein

Rammstein is a German band formed in 1993. Their musical style, which they have dubbed Tanz-Metall ("Dance Metal"), incorporates elements of metal, industrial and electronic music. Their songs are performed almost exclusively in German.

The band

Rammstein takes its name indirectly from the western German town of Ramstein, site of an airshow disaster in 1988. The band's signature song, the eponymous "Rammstein", is a commemoration of the tragedy that took place at the Ramstein Air Base. The extra "m" in the band's name means that it translates literally as "ramming stone" or "battering ram". Even though the lyrics are in German, the band has enjoyed success outside of Germany, and with the album Reise, Reise (2004), they became the most successful German-language band of all time. Rammstein has had several top ten singles in Germany. Reise, Reise, 18 November 2004]] The band's members all come from the former East Germany, specifically East Berlin and Schwerin. They are:
- Till Lindemann (Vocals)
- Richard Z. Kruspe-Bernstein (Guitar)
- Paul H. Landers (formerly Henry Hirsch) (Guitar)
- Oliver "Ollie" Riedel (Bass)
- Christoph "Doom" Schneider (Drums)
- Christian "Flake" Lorenz (Keyboards) Riedel, Schneider and Kruspe were the original founders of Rammstein, following an attempt by the latter to compose American-influenced music with a West Berlin band called Orgasm Death Gimmicks. As Kruspe put it, "I realized it's really important to make music and make it fit with your language, which I didn't do in the past. I came back [to Germany] and said, 'It's time to make music that's really authentic.' I was starting a project called Rammstein to really try to make German music." He invited Till Lindemann, a basket weaver and drummer for the band First Arsch, to join the project as a vocalist. The four entered a contest for new bands and won, attracting the interest of Paul H. Landers, who knew them all and decided to join the band. "Flake" Lorenz was the last member to join; he had played with Landers before in the band Feeling B and was initially reluctant to come on board, but was eventually persuaded to join. Their first album was released a year later. To date they have been twice nominated from Grammy Awards,in 1999 for Best Metal Peformance Du Hast and in 2005,for Best Metal Performance, Mein Teil

Lyrics and style

Although it cannot be said that Rammstein sticks to any particular genre of music, they are most often described as industrial metal, and they are also often associated with heavy metal and hard rock. Some have categorised them with the controversial Neue Deutsche Härte movement ("Deutsche Hard Rock"). Despite their brutalist image, they do show a sense of humour in their lyrics. Rein, raus (In, out), for example, is clearly tongue-in-cheek. Zwitter (Hermaphrodite) is a bizarre take on narcissism: : Wenn die anderen Mädchen suchten (When the others searched for girls) : konnt ich mich schon selbst befruchten (I could already fertilize myself) Similarly, the song "Amerika" features the tongue-in-cheek lyrics: : We're all living in Amerika : Amerika ist wunderbar (America is wonderful) : We're all living in Amerika : Coca-Cola, Wonderbra! : We're all living in Amerika : Coca-Cola, sometimes war Their newest single, "Benzin" ("Petrol") also exhibits some tongue-in-cheek lyrics, such as: : [Ich] brauch' keine Frau, nur Vaselin ([I] need no woman, only Vaseline) Not only is there the obvious joke, but also the pun that Vaseline is a by-product of making petrol - the subject of the song. Wordplay is used frequently in Rammstein's lyrics. "Du hast" is a play on German marriage vows ("Willst du bis der Tod euch scheidet treu ihr sein für alle Tage?"). In the song, the traditional affirmative response "ja" is replaced by the negative response "nein." The song starts, in fact, with a play on words: "Du... Du has(s)t... Du has(s)t mich," meaning, "... You hate me" or "... You have me." (The words hasst, from hassen, "to hate," and hast, from haben, "to have," are homophones). The ambiguity is later resolved as the line is completed: "Du hast mich gefragt" ("You [have] asked me"). Rammstein often use homonyms to create similar effects. For example, from the song "Los": : Es ist hoffnungslos (It is hopeless) : Sinnlos (Senseless) : Hilflos (Helpless) : Sie sind Gott [pause] : Los As a suffix, "-los" in German is the equivalent of "-less" in English. As a command, "los!" means "off!" or "go!". Throughout the song it is mostly used as "-less", but in the last two lines given above, it can be interpreted in three ways. "Sie sind Gott. / Los!" can mean "They are God. / Go!" or "They got rid of god," while "Sie sind gottlos" means "they are godless". Also from "Los": : Es wurde Zeit [pause] : Los "Es wurde Zeit" translates as "It was time", so these two lines can be interpreted as "It was time. / Go!" or "It became timeless". Some of their songs show some unexpected influences. "Dalai Lama" is an adaptation of the famous poem Der Erlkönig by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Nearly all of Rammstein's lyrics are in German, however the band did record English versions of "Engel" and "Du hast", as well as covers of the songs "Stripped" and "Pet sematary". In addition, the songs "Amerika" and "Moskau" contain not only German verses, but also English and Russian choruses respectively. "Ollie" Riedel commented on Rammstein's use of language, saying that "German language suits heavy metal music. French might be the language of love (Amour song), but German is the language of anger." (Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne, Australia), October 24, 2004). For their latest album Rosenrot they even recorded a song with Spanish lyrics: "Te quiero puta!" (or "I love you, whore!"). Rammstein's style has tended to divide critics, some of whom have responded with memorably dismissive comments. Jam Showbiz (April 2001) described Mutter as "music to invade Poland to." New Zealand's Southland Times (Dec. 17, 1999) suggested that Till Lindemann's "booming, sub-sonic voice" would send "the peasants fleeing into their barns and bolting their doors." The New York Times (Jan. 9, 2005) commented that on the stage, "Mr. Lindemann gave off an air of such brute masculinity and barely contained violence that it seemed that he could have reached into the crowd, snatched up a fan, and bitten off his head." "We just push boundaries," said Till Lindemann in an interview with rock magazine Kerrang!. "We can't help it if people don't like those boundaries being pushed."

Movie and video appearances

Within only a few years of starting their career, Rammstein soon caught the attention of Hollywood for their explosive stage performances and energetic music. The directors David Lynch and Rob Cohen appear to be particularly strong fans; explaining why he set the first ten minutes of his thriller xXx in a Rammstein concert in Prague, Cohen said: :"I guess it was in 1997 I was going through Hamburg and I caught their [Rammstein's] show as they chased each other around with dildos spurting custard, the fire pots and all of that, this is a crazy band; they're very theatrical and exciting, but their music is very, very good and German; it's very interesting in terms of the energy it evokes." [http://www.mymovies.net/interviews/text_feature.asp?featureid=FTRE/1523/1610200216091861&filmid=1523&sec=] Rammstein's movie appearances to date are as follows: Rammstein's song videos also tie in quite closely with films as they frequently "quote" from movies, including Quentin Tarantino's classic Reservoir Dogs in "Du hast" and From Dusk Till Dawn in "Engel".

Shows

From Dusk Till Dawn, February 2005]] Rammstein has achieved particular fame (not to mention notoriety) for its hugely over-the-top stage show, using so many pyrotechnics that fans eventually coined the motto "Other bands play, Rammstein burns!" (a quip at Manowar's song Kings of Metal, which states: "other bands play, Manowar kill"). The heat is so intense that on occasion, people have been carried out of Rammstein concerts suffering from heat exhaustion, and lighting gantries have been seen glowing red-hot from repeated fireball hits. The variety of the pyrotechnics can be seen in a recent concert playlist, which includes such items as "Lycopodium Masks", "Glitterburst Truss", "Pyrostrobes", "Comets", "Flash Trays" and "Mortar Hits". The band's on-stage antics have included:
- Band members using head-mounted flamethrowers ("Lycopodium Masks", also called "dragon masks") while singing/playing (example: "Feuer frei!" video);
- Till Lindemann singing an entire song while on fire (example: "Rammstein" video); he now uses twin flamethrowers strapped to his arms;
- Simulated sodomy and a liquor-squirting dildo;
- Exploding drumsticks, drums, microphones and boots;
- Flake Lorenz being roasted in a giant cauldron by a flamethrower-wielding Lindemann;
- Rockets fired along cables strung above the audience;
- Spark-shooting longbows, drumsticks, boots and guns;
- Flake Lorenz destroying a keyboard in the style of The Who;
- Microphones, guitars and keyboards on fire;
- Band members surfing the crowd in a rubber boat;
- Flake Lorenz driving around on a Segway HT during Amerika. Rammstein's shows have become increasingly elaborate since the first ones ten years ago, when their effects were confined to pouring kerosene around the stage and setting it alight. After some unfortunate early accidents the band took to employing professionals to handle the pyrotechnics; Lindemann himself is now a licensed pyrotechnician. The band's costumes are equally outlandish. During the current Reise, Reise tour they have worn Lederhosen, corsets and vague military uniforms with steel helmets, while during the Mutter tour the group kept to the themes of the album artwork and descended onto the stage from a giant uterus while wearing nappies. According to Kruspe, the on-stage wackiness is entirely deliberate (Rammstein's motto according to Schneider is: "Do your own thing. And overdo it!"). The aim is to get people's attention and have fun at the same time: "You have to understand that 99 percent of the people don't understand the lyrics, so you have to come up with something to keep the drama in the show. We have to do something. We like to have a show; we like to play with fire. We do have a sense of humor. We do laugh about it; we have fun... but we're not Spinal Tap. We take the music and the lyrics seriously. It's a combination of humor, theater and our East German culture, you know?" (The Grand Rapids Press, Jul 22, 1999).

^[1] Ironically, at the Metaltown Festival in Gothenburg, Sweden on July 30, 2005, Till suffered a knee injury when Flake accidentally ran into him with the Segway. This caused concerts scheduled in Asia to be canceled.

Albums

Rammstein have so far released five full-length studio albums: Herzeleid (1995), Sehnsucht (1997), Mutter (2001), Reise, Reise (2004), and Rosenrot (2005). Their only live album, Live Aus Berlin, was recorded from a show in Wuhlheide Park, Berlin, in 1998. While Herzeleid was well-received, Sehnsucht is widely regarded as Rammstein's breakthrough album. The production of the follow-up album Mutter was an experience fraught with difficulty for the band, which nearly broke up as a result of the strains. However, the differences were resolved by the time Rammstein produced Reise, Reise. The band's latest album, Rosenrot, was released on October 28, 2005. A number of songs that were left out of Reise, Reise for dramaturgical reasons make up the majority of the album, but a number of new songs have also been recorded. The band performed "Benzin", the first single from the album, at four shows in Wuhlheide Park on June 23-26, 2005, and four shows in the UK (Newcastle, Birmingham, Glasgow and Cardiff) in July 2005. The band will take a timeout in 2006, and may work on a new album in 2007. [http://rammstein-austria.com/news.php?action=entry&id=656]

Covers and adaptations

Rammstein's songs have been covered by a number of other artists, notably the Pet Shop Boys, who remixed the song "Mein Teil", and Nina Hagen with Apocalyptica, who covered "Seemann". Recently, the group Gregorian reworked "Engel" as a Gregorian chant for their album The Dark Side. More unusually, the German composer Torsten Rasch has produced a classical opera cycle entitled Mein Herz brennt, based on the album Mutter. The song "Alter Mann" was also done for the CD. They have also done several covers themselves including "Das Modell" by Kraftwerk, "Stripped" by Depeche Mode, and "Pet Sematary" by The Ramones, which was based loosely on the Stephen King novel of the same name, and sung by keyboarder Flake Lorenz.

Controversies

Stephen King Rammstein have not been shy of courting controversy and have periodically attracted condemnation from morality campaigners. Their stage act earned them a night in jail in June 1999 after the infamous giant dildo was used in a concert in Worcester, Massachusetts. Back home in Germany, the band has faced repeated accusations of fascist sympathies due to the dark and sometimes militaristic imagery of their videos and concerts, including the use of extracts from the propaganda film Olympia by Leni Riefenstahl in the video for Stripped. Also, the debut album Herzeleid, released in Germany in 1995, originally had a cover art featuring the bandmembers' upper bodies without clothing; the media and critics accused the band of trying to sell themselves as "poster boys for the Master Race". Rammstein have denied this vigorously and the members of the band have said that they want nothing to do with politics as well as supremacy of any kind. The song "Links 2, 3, 4" was written as a riposte to these claims. According to Kruspe, it means, "'my heart beats on the left, two, three, four.' It's simple. If you want to put us in a political category, we're on the left side, and that's the reason we made the song." (The Grand Rapids Press, July 22, 2001). Of course this is a two-sided thing, since "Links 2, 3, 4" is the usual command in marching practice in the German army, "links" referring to the left foot in that case. Flake recently stated on an on-line chat, that the song was created in order to show that the band could write a harsh, "evil", military sounding song that was not about Nazi ideals. In Germany, the band is often criticised as using obsolete Nazi German stereotypes of violence and badness for commercial reasons. In April 1999, it emerged that Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, the two boys who perpetrated the Columbine High School massacre, were fans of Rammstein and had declared it to be one of their favourite bands. Rammstein came under heavy criticism from conservative and Christian groups in the United States, who claimed (among other things) that Till Lindemann's rolling Teutonic r's were an imitation of Adolf Hitler's diction. In response, the band issued a statement: :The members of Rammstein express their condolences and sympathy to all affected by the recent tragic events in Denver. They wish to make it clear that they have no lyrical content or political beliefs that could have possibly influenced such behavior. Additionally, members of Rammstein have children of their own, in whom they continually strive to instill healthy and non-violent values. Jeff Weise of the Red Lake High School massacre was also said to have been a fan. [http://www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/11213759.htm] Following the tragic conclusion of the Beslan school hostage crisis in Russia in September 2004, the Russian authorities claimed that the hostage-takers had "listened to German hard rock group Rammstein on personal stereos during the siege to keep themselves edgy and fired up." [http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/story.jsp?story=573206] The claim has not been independently confirmed, and the Russian authorities are known to have been concerned that Rammstein was too appealing to "undesirable" elements in Russian society. A Rammstein concert in Moscow scheduled for July 19, 2002 was cancelled due to fears that it would attract skinheads. In October 2004, the video for "Mein Teil" caused considerable controversy in Germany when it was released. It takes a darkly comic view of the Armin Meiwes cannibalism case, showing musicians of the band being held on a leash by a transvestite and rolling around in mud. The controversy did nothing to stop (and may even have helped) the single rising to No. 2 in the German charts. The band's own views of its image are sanguine: "We like being on the fringes of bad taste," according to Paul H. Landers, while Flake Lorenz comments: "The controversy is fun, like stealing forbidden fruit. But it serves a purpose. We like audiences to grapple with our music, and people have become more receptive." (The Times, Jan 29, 2005)

Discography

Studio Albums

- Herzeleid (1995) ("Heartache")
- Sehnsucht (1997) ("Longing")
- Mutter (2001) ("Mother")
- Reise, Reise (2004) (Literally "Journey, journey", but in a maritime context it can also mean "Arise, arise")
- Rosenrot (2005) ("Rose-red")

Singles

- "Du riechst so gut" (1995)
- "Seemann" (1996)
- "Engel" (1997)
- "Engel, Fan-Edition" (1997)
- "Du hast" (1997)
- "Das Modell" (1997)
- "Du riechst so gut '98" (1998)
- "Stripped" (1998) (Depeche Mode Cover)
- "Single Collection" (1998)
- "Wut will nicht sterben" (1999) (Puhdys with Till Lindemann)
- "Sonne" (2001)
- "Links 2, 3, 4" (2001)
- "Ich will" (2001)
- "Mutter" (2002)
- "Feuer frei!" (2002)
- "Schtiel" (2003) (Aria Cover by Till & Richard)
- "Mein Teil" (2004)
- "Amerika" (2004)
- "Ohne dich" (2004)
- "Keine Lust" (2005)
- "Benzin" (2005)
- "Rosenrot" (2005)
- "Mann gegen Mann" (TBA)
Videos

- Du riechst so gut ("You smell so good")
- Seemann ("Seaman" or "sailor")
- Rammstein
- Engel ("Angel")
- Du hast ("You have")
- Du riechst so gut '98 ("You smell so good")
- Stripped (Depeche Mode Cover)
- Sonne ("Sun")
- Links 2 3 4 ("Left 2, 3, 4")
- Ich will ("I want")
- Mutter ("Mother")
- Feuer frei! ("Fire at will!" or "open fire!")
- Mein Teil ("My part")
- Amerika ("America")
- Ohne dich ("Without you")
- Keine Lust ("No desire")
- Benzin ("Gasoline", "petrol")
- Rosenrot ("Rose-red")
- Das Modell (Kraftwerk Cover - "The model") Never released, possibly due to matter related to Princess Diana Mountbatten-Windsor's death
VHS/DVDs

- Live aus Berlin (1999)
- Lichtspielhaus (2003)
- Untitled Live DVD (to be released)^[1] ^[1]As yet untitled live DVD that is to be released 2005 or early 2006. A teaser for the DVD is included on the limited edition of "Rosenrot".
External links

- [http://www.rammstein.com/ Rammstein.com] - Official English site
- [http://herzeleid.com/ Herzeleid.com] - News, song translations and media
- [http://www.rammimages.com/ Rammstein Images] - Gallery of fan-produced photos
- [http://www.rammsteinuk.com/ RammsteinUK] - UK-based fansite
- [http://www.rammsteinplayer.com/ Rammstein Player] - Official Rammstein player
- [http://www.rammsteinniccage.com/ RammsteinNicCage.com] - Rammstein media and information, lots of live setlists
- [http://www.planetrammstein.com/en/ Planet Rammstein] - News and information, in French and English
- [http://dmoz.org/Arts/Music/Bands_and_Artists/R/Rammstein/ Rammstein] - DMoz entry
- [http://www.rammstein.de/ Rammstein.de] - Official German site
- ((cs)) [http://rammstein.mysteria.cz/ Rammstein Mysteria] - Czech news and information
- [http://www.rammstein-portugal.com/ Rammstein-Portugal.com] - Portuguese news and information
- [http://www.rammstein.com.br/ Rammstein Brazil] - Brazilian news and information
- [http://www.rammsteinclub.com/ RammsteinClub] - Spain-based fan club
- [http://www.rammstein-stripped.com/ Rammstein-Stripped] - Spanish fansite
- [http://hem.bredband.net/victor90 Rammstein.just.nu] - Swedish fan site
- [http://www.rammstein.ru/ Rammstein.ru] - Russian site
- [http://www.rammsteinla.com/ RammsteinLa] - Rammstein Latin America fansite
- Category:German musical groups Category:Industrial music groups Category:Rammstein Category:German industrial groups ja:ラムシュタイン

Category:Rammstein songs

Category:Songs by artist Songs

Category:2002 singles

Articles about singles released in 2002. See also: 2002 in music. Singles Category:Singles by year

British Broadcasting Corporation

British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC, [biːbiːsiː]) je britanska producentska korporacija. Je avtorica mnogih radijskih in TV oddaj. Postajo je v Londonu 18. oktobra 1922 ustanovil John Reith, kot neodvisni radijski oddajnik. Prvo oddajanje programa je sledilo 24. novembra istega leta. Vizija ustanovitelja je bila: izobraževanje, informiranje in zabava neodvisno od oblasti in brez reklam. Na kratkih valovih je začel redno oddajati leta 1932. Prvo oddajanje TV programa je bilo 2. novembra 1936. BBC oddaja preko satelita Astra 2D na 28,2 stopinjah vzhodno. Signal je osredotočen na Veliko Britanijo, vendar ga lahko sprejemamo tudi v številnih kontinentalnih evropskih državah. Različni prenosi signala:
- Radio AM (DV/SV/KV): Slab sprejem z običajnim sprejemnikom. (BBC World Service na SV 648 kHz ali Radio Five Live na 693 in 909 Khz. BBC Radio 4 na DV 198 Khz.
- Radio DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale) Testno oddajanje na SV 1296 kHz. Dober sprejem, večinoma zvečer
- Radio FM (UKV): neprimeren za daljave
- Radio DAB (Digitalni-Radio): neprimeren za daljave
- Radio DVB-T: neprimeren za daljave
- TV analogno zemeljsko (PAL/AM SSB): neprimeren za daljave
- TV digitalno zemeljsko (DVB-T): neprimeren za daljave
- TV digitalno satelitsko (DVB-S): prek satelita Astra 2D
- Internet: Spletišče BBC z več kot 2 milijoni strani nudi bogato ponudbo informacij. Mnogo oddaj je na voljo na zahtevo.

Radijski programi

Digitalno in analogno:
- Radio 1 - Pop, Rock, DJ-Shows
- BBC Radio 2 - Lahkotna zabava, za starejše ciljne skupine
- BBC Radio 3 - Klasična glasba
- BBC Radio 4 - Poročila, kultura, znanost, družba, radijske igre
- BBC Radio Five Live - Poročila in šport
- BBC World Service - Program za tujino: Svetovna poročila in dokumentarne oddaje
- BBC Asian Network - Oddaje za Azijce
- BBC Local Radio - Regionalni program za 46 področij Velike Britanije [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio] Samo digitalno:
- Radio 5 live Sports extra - športni dogodki
- BBC 6 Music - glasba
- Radio 7 - humor, otroški program in radijske igre
- 1Xtra - Soul, Hip-Hop, R&B, Garage

Televizijski programi

Digitalno in analogno:
- BBC One - predvsem zabava za množico
- BBC Two - predvsem za izobražence
- BBC News 24 - 24 urne novice Samo digitalno:
- BBC Three - Kultura, drama, humor
- BBC Four - Kultura
- CBBC - otroški program
- CBeebies - program za malčke
- BBC Parliament - direktni prenosi iz parlamenta
- Interactive TV - interaktivna TV Oddajanje v tujino:
- BBC America
- BBC Canada
- BBC Food
- BBC Kids (Canada)
- BBC World - 24 urne novice
- BBC Prime - zabavni program
- Animal Planet
- People and Arts
- UKTV
- UKTV (Australia)

Zunanje povezave

- [http://www.bbc.co.uk/ BBC] - v angleščini, in [http://www.bbc.co.uk/slovene/ BBC Slovene] - v slovenščini
- [http://news.bbc.co.uk BBC News World Edition] - BBC-jeva poročila za svet, v angleščini ja:英国放送協会 simple:BBC

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