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Yoshinori Ohno

Yoshinori Ohno

Yoshinori Ohno (大野功統 Ōno Yoshinori, born October 16, 1935) is the Minister of State for Defense in Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's Cabinet in charge of Defense Agency.

Early Life

Ohno was born in Kagawa Prefecture in 1935 and attended the top high school in Kagawa before going to the Faculty of Law at University of Tokyo. After graduation he joined the Ministry of Finance in 1958 and traveled to the United States on a Fulbright Scholarship. He speaks English and French fluently.

Political Career

Ohno ran for governor of Kagawa Prefecture in 1978 but lost. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1986 for the first time. He has served as Minister of State for Defense since 2004, and has met with US Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Secretary of State Condi Rice.

External links


- http://www.e-ohno.com
- http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/koizumidaijin/040927/14ohno_e.html Ohno, Yoshinori Ohno, Yoshinori ja:大野功統

October 16

October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in Leap years). There are 76 days remaining.

Events


- 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Roman Empire
- 1775 - Portland, Maine burned by the British
- 1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia
- 1793 - Marie Antoinette, wife of Louis XVI is guillotined at the height of the French Revolution.
- 1793 - Battle of Wattignies
- 1813 - The Sixth Coalition attacks Napoleon Bonaparte in the Battle of Leipzig.
- 1834 - Much of the ancient structures of the Palace of Westminster in London is burnt down
- 1841 - Queen's University is founded in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- 1843 - Sir William Rowan Hamilton invents the concept of quaternions.
- 1859 - John Brown leads raid on Harper's Ferry, West Virginia
- 1869 - Cardiff Giant, one of the most famous American hoaxes, discovered.
- 1869 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, Cambridge, is founded.
- 1882 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.
- 1906 - The Captain of Köpenick fools the city hall of Köpenick and several soldiers by impersonating a Prussian officer.
- 1912 - Bulgarian pilots Radul Milkov and Prodan Toprakchiev perform the first bombing with an airplane in history.
- 1934 - Chinese Communists begin the Long March; it ended a year and four days later, by which time Mao Zedong had regained his title as party chairman.
- 1940 - Benjamin O. Davis Sr. named first African American general in the United States Army
- 1940 - Warsaw Ghetto established
- 1946 - Ten war criminals of the Second World War, condemned in the Nuremberg trials hanged.
- 1949 - Nikos Zakhiariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece, announces a "temporary cease-fire", effectively ending the Greek Civil War.
- 1951 - The first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan, is assassinated in Rawalpindi
- 1964 - People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon
- 1968 - United States athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked out of the USA's team for performing a Black Power salute during a medal ceremony.
- 1968 - Kingston, Jamaica is rocked by the Rodney Riots, inspired by the barring of Walter Rodney from the country.
- 1969 - United States - The "miracle" New York Mets win the World Series.
- 1970 - Anwar Sadat elected President of Egypt
- 1970 - Canada - In response to the October Crisis terrorist kidnapping, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.
- 1972 - Rainbow, a British television programme for children, debuts.
- 1973 - Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1975 - The Balibo Five, a group of Australian television journalists based in the town of Balibo in the then Portuguese Timor (now East Timor), are killed by Indonesian troops.
- 1978 - Karol Józef Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II
- 1984 - Desmond Tutu is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1987 - Great Storm of 1987: hurricane force winds to hit much of the South of England killing 23 people.
- 1991 - George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 and wounding 19 in Luby's Cafeteria.
- 1991 - Jharkhand Chhatra Yuva Morcha is founded at a conference in Ranchi, India.
- 1992 - Duchess of York Sarah Ferguson files a 1.4 million USD lawsuit against French tabloids for running topless photos taken of her on the French Riviera, including some of Texas millionaire John Bryan suckling on her toes.
- 1995 - The Million Man March occurs in Washington, DC.
- 1996 - 84 are killed and more than 180 injured as 47,000 soccer fans attempt to squeeze into the 36,000-seat Mateo Flores Stadium in Guatemala City.
- 2000 - InuYasha debuts in Japan
- 2001 - U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: U.S. warplanes mistakenly bomb International Red Cross warehouse in Kabul, Afghanistan .
- 2002 - Bibliotheca Alexandrina in the Egyptian city of Alexandria, a commemoration of the Library of Alexandria that was lost in antiquity, is officially inaugurated.
- 2005 - The Millions More March occurs in Washington, DC.
- 2005 - Four millions of people participate to the Unione's primary election in Italy.

Births


- 1430 - King James II of Scotland (d. 1460)
- 1483 - Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (d. 1542)
- 1535 - Niwa Nagahide, Japanese warlord (d. 1585)
- 1663 - Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian general (d. 1736)
- 1710 - Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)
- 1714 - Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)
- 1726 - Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish painter (d. 1801)
- 1758 - Noah Webster, American lexicographer (d. 1843)
- 1815 - Francis Lubbock, Governor of Texas (d. 1905)
- 1840 - Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1900)
- 1841 - Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea (d. 1909)
- 1854 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. 1900)
- 1861 - J. B. Bury, Irish historian (d. 1927)
- 1863 - Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)
- 1878 - Maxey Long, American athlete (d. 1959)
- 1886 - David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)
- 1888 - Eugene O'Neill, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
- 1888 - Paul Popenoe, American activist (d. 1979)
- 1890 - Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)
- 1890 - Paul Strand, American photographer (d. 1975)
- 1898 - William O. Douglas, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1980)
- 1900 - Primo Conti, Italian painter (d. 1988)
- 1903 - Cecile de Brunhoff, French storyteller (d. 2003)
- 1908 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian dictator (d.1985)
- 1914 - Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan
- 1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher (d. 1990)
- 1919 - Kathleen Winsor, American writer (d. 2003)
- 1925 - Angela Lansbury, English-born actress
- 1927 - Günter Grass, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1928 - Mary Daly, feminist
- 1931 - Charles Colson, American Watergate conspirator
- 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer
- 1940 - Barry Corbin, American actor
- 1940 - Dave DeBusschere, American basketball player (d. 2003)
- 1941 - Tim McCarver, baseball player and terrible baseball commentator
- 1946 - Suzanne Somers, American actress
- 1947 - Terry Griffiths, Welsh snooker player
- 1947 - Bob Weir, American musician (Grateful Dead)
- 1952 - Boogie Mosson, American musician (P Funk)
- 1952 - Ron Taylor, American actor (d. 2002)
- 1953 - Paulo Roberto Falcão, Brazilian footballer
- 1958 - Tim Robbins, American actor, director, and writer
- 1959 - Gary Kemp, British musician and actor
- 1959 - Erkki-Sven Tüür, Estonian composer
- 1962 - Flea, Australian musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- 1962 - Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Russian baritone
- 1965 - Steve Lamacq, British journalist and disc jockey
- 1972 - Tomas Lindberg, Swedish musician (At The Gates)
- 1974 - Paul Kariya, Canadian hockey player
- 1977 - John Mayer, American musician
- 1980 - Sue Bird, American basketball player
- 1987 - Simerjit Phagura, Indian Queen, "U No"

Deaths


- 1553 - Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)
- 1555 - Hugh Latimer, English protestant (martyred)
- 1591 - Pope Gregory XIV (b. 1535)
- 1594 - William Cardinal Allen, English Catholic cardinal (b. 1532)
- 1621 - Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, Dutch composer (b. 1562)
- 1628 - François de Malherbe, French poet and critic (b. 1555)
- 1649 - Isaac van Ostade, Dutch painter (b. 1621)
- 1655 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist (b. 1591)
- 1750 - Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer and lutenist (b. 1687)
- 1781 - Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, British naval officer (b. 1705)
- 1793 - Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (executed) (b. 1755)
- 1796 - Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (b. 1726)
- 1865 - Andrés Bello, Venezuelan poet, lawmaker, philosopher, and sociologist (b. 1781)
- 1877 - Theodore Barrière, French dramatist (b. 1823)
- 1888 - John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)
- 1893 - Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, President of France (b. 1808)
- 1937 - Jean de Brunhoff, French writer (b. 1899)
- 1946 - Hans Frank, German war criminal (b. 1900)
- 1946 - Wilhelm Frick, German war criminal (b. 1877)
- 1946 - Alfred Jodl, German military officer (b. 1890)
- 1946 - Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Austrian SS officer (b. 1903)
- 1946 - Wilhelm Keitel, German military officer (b. 1882)
- 1946 - Joachim von Ribbentrop, German politician (b. 1893)
- 1946 - Alfred Rosenberg, Nazi ideologist (b. 1893)
- 1946 - Fritz Sauckel, German war criminal (b. 1892)
- 1946 - Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1894)
- 1946 - Julius Streicher, German propagandist (b. 1887)
- 1951 - Liaquat Ali Khan, first Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1896)
- 1959 - George Marshall, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1880)
- 1962 - Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (b. 1884)
- 1966 - George O'Hara, American actor (b. 1899)
- 1972 - Hale Boggs, U.S. Congressman from Louisiana (b. 1914)
- 1972 - Leo G. Carroll, English actor (b. 1892)
- 1973 - Gene Krupa, American musician (b. 1909)
- 1978 - Dan Dailey, American actor (b. 1913)
- 1979 - Johan Borgen, Norwegian author (b. 1903)
- 1981 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli general (b. 1915)
- 1983 - Jakov Gotovac, Croatian composer (b. 1895)
- 1986 - Arthur Grumiaux, Belgian violinist (b. 1921)
- 1989 - Cornel Wilde, American actor (b. 1915)
- 1990 - Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (b. 1919)
- 1992 - Shirley Booth, American actress (b. 1898)
- 1994 - Raul Julia, American actor (b. 1940)
- 1996 - Eric Malpass, English novelist (b. 1910)
- 1996 - Jason Bernard, American actor (b. 1938)
- 1997 - James Michener, American writer
- 1998 - Jon Postel, American Internet pioneer (b. 1943)
- 1999 - Jean Shepherd, American writer and actor (b. 1921)
- 2000 - Mel Carnahan, American politician (b. 1934)
- 2002 - Angela Dawson, American activist
- 2003 - Avni Arbas, Turkish artist (b. 1919)
- 2003 - Stu Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1915)
- 2003 - László Papp, Hungarian boxer (b. 1926)
- 2004 - Pierre Salinger, John F. Kennedy's White House Press Secretary (b. 1925)
- 2005 - Len Dresslar, American singer and voice actor (b. 1925)

Holidays and observances


- R.C. Saints - Saint Hedwig of Andechs; Saint Margaret Marie Alacoque; Saint Gall
- Also see October 16 (Easter Orthodox liturgics)
- Bahá'í Faith – Feast of 'Ilm (Knowledge) - First day of the 12th month of the Bahá'í Calendar
- United Nations - World Food Day
- United States - World Food Prize Day, apparently a.k.a. Dr. Norman E. Borlaug Day in Iowa and Minnesota; National Feral Cat Day; Boss's Day

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/16 BBC: On This Day] ---- October 15 - October 17 - September 16 - November 16 - more historical anniversaries ko:10월 16일 ms:16 Oktober ja:10月16日 simple:October 16 th:16 ตุลาคม

1935

1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar).

Events

January


- January 1 - Italian colonies of Tripoli and Kyrenaika are joined together as Libya
- January 7 - Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French foreign minister Pierre Laval conclude agreement in which each power undertakes not to oppose the other's colonial claims. January 8( Elvis Presley is born in Tupelo, Mississippi.)
- January 8 - A.C. Hardy patents the spectrophotometer.
- January 11 - Amelia Earhart is the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
- January 16 - FBI kills Barker gang, including Ma Barker, in a shootout
- January 19 - Bloopers Inc. sold the world's first briefs.
- January 28 - Iceland becomes the first country to legalize abortion on medical grounds

February-May


- February - National Periodical Publications (later known as DC Comics) publishes its first comic book, New Fun Comics, the first comic book featuring original material.
- February 13 - A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Richard Hauptmann guilty of the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh's baby boy.
- February 20 - Karoline Mikkelsen arrives on Antarctica
- February 26 - The Luftwaffe is created as Germany's air force. (March 11?)
- February 28 - Nylon is discovered by Wallace Carothers
- March 16 - Adolf Hitler announces German rearmament in violation of the Versailles Treaty.
- March 19 - Riot breaks out in Harlem, NYC after a rumor that claims that police killed a shoplifter in the Kress' departmnt store
- March 21 - Persia is renamed Iran
- April 14 - Dust Bowl: The great dust storm, made famous by Woody Guthrie in his "dust bowl ballads". The hardest hit areas were where in Eastern New Mexico and Colorado, and western Oklahoma.
- April 25 - A shark on display at the Coogee Aquarium in Sydney disgorges the tattooed arm of ex-boxer James Smith. Man suspected of murdering him, Reg Holmes is shot dead before murder inquest is held.
- May 6 - New Deal: Executive Order 7034 creates the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
- May 29 - Construction of Hoover Dam is completed
- May 30 - Earthquake destroys Quetta in modern-day Pakistan - 26,000 dead

June-August


- June 9 - Ho-Umezu Agreement: China's Kuomintang government concedes Japanese military control of north-eastern China.
- June 10 - Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in New York City by William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.
- June 12 - Senator Huey Long of Louisiana makes the longest speech on Senate record. The speech took 15 1/2 hours and was filled by 150,000 words. [http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Huey_Long_Filibusters.htm]
- June 18 - Anglo-German Naval Agreement: Britain agrees to a German navy equal to 35% of her own naval tonnage.
- July 5 - Oliveira Salazar becomes de dacto dictator of fascist Portugal
- July 16 - World's first parking meters in Oklahoma City
- July 24 - The dust bowl heat wave reaches its peak, sending temperatures in Chicago, Illinois to a record-high 109°F (44°C)
- July 27 - Federal Writers' Project established in the United States
- June or July - The Giant neotropical toad is introduced to northernQueensland, Australia to counter sugar cane beetles.
- August 14 - United States President Franklin Roosevelt signs Social Security Act into law.

September-October


- September 2 - Labor Day Hurricane of 1935: A large hurricane hits the Florida Keys killing 423.
- September 8 - Carl Weiss fatally shot US Senator from Louisiana, Huey Long, nicknamed "Kingfish", in the Louisiana capitol building.
- September 13 - Howard Hughes sets new aviation speed record in his H-1.
- September 15 - Nuremberg Laws
- September 30 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates Hoover Dam
- October 2-3 - Italian army invades Ethiopia under General de Bono (replaced November 11 by Pietro Badoglio)
- October 10 - A tornado destroyed the 160 metre tall wooden radio tower in Langenberg, Germany. As a result of this catastrophe, nearly no more wooden radio towers are built any more.

November-December


- November 5 - Parker Brothers releases the board game Monopoly.
- November 8 - A dozen labor leaders come together to announce the creation of the Congress for Industrial Organization (CIO), an organization charged with pushing the cause for industrial unionism.
- November 14 In General Election in Britain, Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin returned to office at the head of a National Government led by the Conservative Party with a large but reduced majority.
- November 22 - The China Clipper takes off from Alameda, California in an attempt to deliver the first airmail cargo across the Pacific Ocean (the airplane later reached its destination, Manila, and delivered over 110,000 pieces of mail).
- November 24 - The Senegalese Socialist Party holds its second congress.
- December 18 - Samuel Hoare resigns as British foreign secretary; replaced by Anthony Eden. The socialist party of Sri Lanka, the Lanka Sama Samaja Party founded.
- December 27 - Mao Zedong issues the Wayaopao Manifesto: On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism, calling for a National United Front against Japanese Invasion.

unknown dates


- First Penguin paperback books
- Mary McCleod Bethune founds the National Council of Negro Women

Births

January-February


- January 4 - Floyd Patterson, American boxer
- January 7 - Valeri Kubasov, cosmonaut
- January 7 - Kenny Davern, American jazz clarinetist
- January 8 - Elvis Presley, American singer (d. 1977)
- January 9 - Bob Denver, American actor (d. 2005)
- January 10 - Ronnie Hawkins, American musician
- January 10 - Sherrill Milnes, American baritone
- January 12 - Kreskin, mentalist
- January 14 - Lucille Wheeler, Canadian skier
- January 16 - A.J. Foyt, American race car driver
- January 16 - Udo Lattek, football coach
- January 17 - Ruth Ann Minner, Governor of Delaware
- January 30 - Richard Brautigan, American writer (d. 1984)
- January 31 - Kenzaburo Oe, Japanese writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- February 4 - Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (d. 1989)
- February 11 - Gerry Goffin, American songwriter
- February 11 - Gene Vincent, American guitarist and vocalist
- February 16 - Sonny Bono, American singer, actor, and politician (d. 1998)
- February 25 - Sally Jessy Raphaël, American talk show host
- February 27 - Mirella Freni, Italian soprano

March-July


- March 1 - Robert Conrad, American actor
- March 1 - Judith Rossner, American writer (d. 2005)
- March 6 - Ron Delany, Irish runner
- March 15 - Jimmy Swaggart, American televangelist
- March 15 - Judd Hirsch, American actor
- March 22 - M. Emmet Walsh, American actor
- March 24 - Peter Bichsel, Swiss writer
- March 25 - Gloria Steinem, American feminist and author
- March 26 - Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestine National Authority
- March 27 - Abelardo Castillo, Argentine writer
- March 31 - Richard Chamberlain, American actor
- March 31 - Herb Alpert, American trumpeter
- April 21 - Charles Grodin, American actor and journalist
- April 21 - Thomas Kean, Governor of New Jersey
- April 23 - Bunky Green, American jazz musician
- May 2 - Lance LeGault, American actor
- May 12 - Felipe Alou, Dominican Major League Baseball manager
- May 17 - Ryke Geerd Hamer, German cancer researcher
- May 17 - Dennis Potter, English writer (d. 1994)
- May 25 - Cookie Gilchrist, American football player
- May 27 - Lee Meriwether, American beauty queen and actress
- June 2 - Carol Shields, American-born writer (d. 2003)
- June 19 - Derren Nesbitt, British actor
- June 21 - Françoise Sagan, French writer (d. 2004)
- July 6 - Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- July 8 - Vitali Sevastyanov, cosmonaut
- July 9 - Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician (d. 2005)
- July 13 - Jack Kemp, American football player
- July 17 - Peter Schickele, American composer and comedian
- July 17 - Donald Sutherland, Canadian actor
- July 18 - Jayendra Saraswathi, Hindu religious leader
- July 28 - Simon Dee, British television presenter
- July 29 - Peter Schreier, German tenor

August-October


- August 3 - Georgi Shonin, cosmonaut (d. 1997)
- August 15 - Lionel Taylor, American football player
- August 18 - Rafer Johnson, American athlete
- August 19 - Bobby Richardson, baseball player
- August 20 - Ron Paul, American politician
- August 30 - John Phillips, American singer (d. 2001)
- August 31 - Eldridge Cleaver, American activist (d. 1998)
- August 31 - Frank Robinson, baseball player
- September 1 - Seiji Ozawa, Japanese conductor
- September 11 - Gherman Titov, cosmonaut (d. 2000)
- September 11 - Arvo Pärt, estonian composer
- September 16 - Carl Andre, American artist
- September 16 - Bob Kiley, American public transit planner
- September 17 - Ken Kesey, American author (d. 2001)
- September 17 - Serge Klarsfeld, Romanian Nazi hunter
- September 30 - ZZ Hill, American musician
- September 30 - Johnny Mathis, American singer
- October 1 - Julie Andrews, English singer and actress
- October 6 - Bruno Sammartino, Italian professional wrestler
- October 9- Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
- October 12 - Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor
- October 14 - La Monte Young, American composer
- October 15 - Bobby Joe Morrow, American athlete
- October 15 - Willie O'Ree, Canadian hockey player
- October 18 - Peter Boyle, American actor
- October 20 - Jerry Orbach, American actor (d. 2004)
- October 29 - Takahata Isao, Japanese animated film director
- October 30 - Agota Kristof, Hungarian writer
- October 31 - Ronald Graham, American mathematician

November-December


- November 1 - Edward Said, Palestinian-born literary critic (d. 2003)
- November 9 - Bob Gibson, baseball player
- November 10 - Igor Dmitrievich Novikov, Russian astrophysicist
- November 13 - George Carey, Archbishop of Canterbury
- November 14 - King Hussein of Jordan (d. 1999)
- November 17 - Toni Sailer, Austrian skier
- November 23 - Vladislav Volkov, cosmonaut
- December 1 - Woody Allen, American film director
- December 8 - Dharmendra, Indian actor
- December 11 - Pranab Mukherjee, Indian politician
- December 19 - Bobby Timmons, American jazz pianist (d. 1974)
- December 23 - Paul Hornung, American football player
- December 30 - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon
- December 30 - Sandy Koufax, baseball player

Deaths


- January 28 - Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, Russian composer (b. 1859)
- March 6 - Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1841)
- March 16 - John James Richard Macleod, Scottish-born physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1876)
- March 22 - Aleksander Moisiu, Albanian actor (b. 1879)
- April 14 - Emmy Noether, German mathematician (b. 1882)
- May 12 - Marshall Jozef Pilsudski, Polish politician (b. 1867)
- May 17 - Paul Dukas, French composer (b. 1865)
- May 18 - T. E. Lawrence, English soldier (Lawrence of Arabia) (b. 1888)
- May 19 - Charles Martin Loeffler, American composer (b. 1861)
- May 21 - Jane Addams, American social worker, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1860)
- May 29 - Josef Suk, Czech composer and violinist (b. 1874)
- July 3 - André Citroën, French automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
- July 12 - Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (b. 1859)
- August 29 - Queen Astrid of Belgium (b. 1905)
- August 30 - Henri Barbusse, French novelist and journalist (b. 1873)
- September 28 - W.K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (b. 1860)
- November 2 - Jock Cameron, South African cricketer (b. 1905)
- October 20 - Arthur Henderson, Scottish politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1863)
- November 28 - Erich von Hornbostel, Austrian musicologist (b. 1877)
- December 2 - James Henry Breasted, American Egyptologist (b. 1865)
- December 4 - Johan Halvorsen, Norwegian composer (b. 1864)
- December 4 - Charles Robert Richet, French physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1850)
- December 13 - Victor Grignard, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
- December 17 - Juan Vicente Gómez, Venezuelan military and dictador (b. 1857)
- December 21 - Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist and satirist (b. 1890)
- December 24 - Alban Berg, Austrian composer (b. 1885)

Nobel Prizes


- Physics - James Chadwick
- Chemistry - Frédéric Joliot, Irène Joliot-Curie
- Medicine - Hans Spemann
- Literature - not awarded
- Peace - Carl von Ossietzky Category:1935 ko:1935년 ms:1935 ja:1935年 simple:1935 th:พ.ศ. 2478

Junichiro Koizumi

Junichiro Koizumi (Japanese: 小泉純一郎, Koizumi Jun'ichirō, born January 8, 1942) is the current Prime Minister of Japan. Since winning leadership of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party in 2001, he has become known as an advocate of reform, focusing on Japan's government debt and the privatization of its postal service. In 2005, he led the LDP to win one of the largest parliamentary majorities in modern Japanese history.

Personal life and education

He was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on 8 January 1942, to Junya Koizumi, a director general of the Defense Agency and a second-generation Diet member, and was educated at Yokosuka High School and Keio University, where he studied economics. He attended University College London before returning to Japan in December 1969 on the death of his father. He married Kayoko Miyamoto in 1978. The marriage ended in divorce in 1982 and he vowed never to marry again. He has three sons, two of whom live with him (Kotaro Koizumi and Shinjiro Koizumi) and have not met their mother since the divorce. The youngest, Yoshinaga Miyamoto, a student at Keio University, has never met his father and was turned away when he tried to meet Junichiro Koizumi by attending his grandmother's funeral. Koizumi's grandfather was Matajiro Koizumi. See: Koizumi family. He is a fan of Elvis Presley and the Japanese rock band X Japan.

Political life

X Japan, 2001]] After an initial, failed attempt to get elected, Koizumi became a secretary to former Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda and a member of the Lower House for the 11th Kanagawa Prefecture in December 1972. He was a member of the Liberal Democratic Party, and joined the Fukuda faction. He has since been re-elected ten times. In 1992 he became Minister of Posts and Telecommunications under the government of Kiichi Miyazawa. He was three times Minister of Health and welfare under the government of Noboru Takeshita, Sosuke Uno and Ryutaro Hashimoto. He gained his first senior post in 1979 as Parliamentary Vice-Minister of Finance and his first ministerial post in 1988 as Minister of Health and Welfare under Noboru Takeshita. He had cabinet posts again in 1992 and 1996–1998. In 1994, with the LDP in opposition, he became part of a new LDP faction, Shinseiki, made up of younger and more motivated parliamentarians. He competed for the presidency of the LDP in September 1995 and July 1999, but he gained little support losing decisively to Ryutaro Hashimoto and then Keizo Obuchi. In April 2000 Obuchi was replaced by Yoshiro Mori after falling seriously ill. Koizumi became leader of his party on his third attempt on April 24, 2001. He had 298 votes, while his closest rival, Ryutaro Hashimoto gained 155 votes. Koizumi won because local chapters were allowed to vote in addition to Diet members. He was made Prime Minister on April 26, 2001. His coalition secured 78 of 121 seats in the Upper House elections in July.

Koizumi as Prime Minister

Domestic policy

2001 Within Japan, Koizumi has pushed for new ways to revitalise the moribund economy, aiming to act against bad debts with commercial banks, privatise the postal savings system, and reorganise the factional structure of the LDP. He spoke of the need for a period of painful restructuring in order to improve the future. To these aims, he first appointed an economist and a commentator, Heizo Takenaka, to the job of reforming the banking sector. Under their reign, the bad debts of banks have been cut dramatically with the NPL ratio of major banks approaching half the level of 2001. The Japanese economy has been through a slow but steady recovery, and the stock market has dramatically rebounded. The GDP growth for 2004 is expected to be one of the highest among G7 nations according to the IMF and OECD. Takenaka was appointed as a Postal Reform Minister in 2004 and the privatization of Japan Post, operator of the country's Postal Savings system, is reaching a critical moment. Koizumi has also moved the LDP away from its traditional rural agrarian base toward a more urban, neoliberal core, as Japan's population grows in major cities and declines in less populated areas. In addition to the privatization of Japan Post (which many rural residents fear will reduce their access to basic services such as banking), Koizumi has also slowed down the LDP's heavy subsidies for infrastructure and industrial development in rural areas. These tensions have made Koizumi a controversial but popular figure within his own party and among the Japanese electorate.

Foreign policy

Japan Post meet in Tokyo in 2004]] Koizumi's most noted foreign policy achievement among Japanese commentators is his close relationship with the United States and cooperation in the U.S.-led mission in Iraq. Koizumi approved the expansion of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) and in October 2001 they were given greater scope to operate outside of the country. Some of these troops were dispatched to Iraq to fulfill non-combat roles. Among other Asian commentators, Koizumi is most noted for his visits to the Yasukuni Shrine, starting on August 13, 2001. He has visited the shrine four times, most recently on October 16, 2005. Because the shrine also honours Japanese war criminals, these visits have drawn strong condemnation and protests from Japan's neighbors, mainly the People's Republic of China, North and South Korea, who still hold bitter memories of Japanese occupation. Koizumi's father built an airfield in Kagoshima, which was used for kamikaze missions during 1944–5, and a cousin died on such a mission, which partly explains his keenness to visit the Yasukuni shrine. On August 15, 2005, the sixtieth anniversary of the end of World War II, Koizumi publicly stated that Japan was deeply saddened by the suffering it caused during World War II; an earlier apology was made by Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama. The ceremony was met with scattered protests.

Popularity

Tomiichi Murayama Initially Koizumi was an extremely popular leader, with his outspoken nature and colourful past. His nicknames included "Lionheart" and "maverick". All this has taken place despite the strong opposition to his reform plans among the "old guards" within LDP and the bureaucracy. He sacked his popular but volatile Foreign Minister Makiko Tanaka in January 2002, replacing her with Yoriko Kawaguchi. He was reelected in 2003 and his popularity surged as the economy recovered. A recent proposal to cut pensions benefits for the fiscal reform, however, turned out to be wildly unpopular, just like similar changes in other economies of the world, and restricted his administration's approval rating in the upper house election in 2004 to being only marginally better than the opposition Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). In 2005, Koizumi decided to dissolve the Lower House and call a general election since the House of Councilors rejected the contentious postal privatization bills. This threat was made after the bills to privatize Japan Post cleared the Lower House in June only by a margin of five votes. Fifty-one LDP members either voted against the bills or abstained. In the 480-seat Lower House, the LDP, with 250 seats, and New Komeito, with 34, hold a comfortable majority. The bills were rejected by the Upper House, with 108 approving and 125 against, with 22 LDP members dissenting. The secretary general of New Komeito (a junior coalition partner with Koizumi's Liberal Democratic Party) said on 27 July 2005 that his party would entertain forming a coalition government with the Democratic Party of Japan if, in a snap election, the DPJ took a majority in the House of Representatives. [http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050728a2.htm] The Lower House was dissolved on August 8, 2005 at 7:04 pm (JST) at a special plenary session under article 7 of the Constitution of Japan by imperial edict. Snap elections took place on September 11, 2005 and were a major victory for Koizumi. Koizumi's popularity rose almost twenty points after he dissolved the Diet, with opinion polls placing the government's approval ratings between 51 and 59 percent. (For details, see: Japan general election, 2005.)

Koizumi cabinets

Notes: #Makiko Tanaka was fired on January 29, 2002 and replaced by Yoriko Kawaguchi, who was then serving as environment minister. Koizumi appointed Hiroshi Oki to replace Kawaguchi. #Oshima resigned on March 31, 2003 due to a farm-subsidy scandal. He was replaced by Kamei, who was kept in the next reshuffle. #Takenaka has also held the portfolio of Minister of State for Postal Privatization since the first Koizumi cabinet. He is the only person to serve on Koizumi's cabinet through all five reshuffles. #Fukuda resigned on May 7, 2004 and was replaced by Hosoda.

Further reading


- Anderson, Gregory E., "Lionheart or Paper Tiger? A First-term Koizumi Retrospective," [http://ifes.kyungnam.ac.kr/ifes/ifes/eng/publication/02_journal_ap.asp Asian Perspective] 28:149–182 (March 2004).
- Richard Lloyd Parry, "Enigma behind Koizumi's winning smile", Times supplement to the Daily Yomiuri, Sunday, September 18, 2005, p.15

External links


- [http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html Prime Minister of Japan Official Website (English)]
- [http://www.crnjapan.com/pexper/juk/en/ Biographical information on Junichiro Koizumi's divorce, ex-wife Kayoko Miyamoto, and their estranged children Yoshinaga Miyamoto, Kotaro Koizumi and Shinjiro Koizumi] Koizumi, Junichiro Koizumi Koizumi, Junichiro Koizumi, Junichiro Koizumi, Junichiro ko:고이즈미 준이치로 ja:小泉純一郎 th:จุนอิชิโร โคะอิซุมิ

Faculty of Law

Legal education encompasses both academic and vocational studies. In order to obtain a law degree students are required to acquire an academic grounding in the legal system of their jusisdiction. In order to practice as lawyers they are usually also required to demonstrate that they have learnt professional skills, for example advocacy and analysis. In some countries the two elements are both included with the law degree programme, while in other the vocational element of legal education is separate from and undertaken after the acquisition of an academic degree. In addition to the qualifications required to became a practising lawyer, legal education also encompasses higher degrees such as doctorates, for more advanced academic study. In most law is an undergraduate degree and graduates of such a program are eligible to become lawyers by passing the country's equivalent of a bar exam. In such countries, graduate programs in law enable students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular area of law. In the United States, law is a graduate degree, which students embark upon only after completing an undergraduate degree in some other field (usually a bachelor's degree), and is considered to be a graduate or professional school program. The undergraduate degree can be in any field, though most American lawyers hold bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences. American law schools are usually an autonomous entity within a larger university. Faculty of law is another name for a law school or school of law, the terms commonly used in the United States. This term is used in Canada, other Commonwealth countries and the rest of the world. It may be distinguishable from law school in the sense that a faculty is a subdivision of a university on the same rank with other faculties, i.e. faculty of medicine, faculty of graduate studies, whereas a law school or school of law may have a more autonomous status within a university, or may be totally independent of any other post-secondary educational institution. In addition in some countries, including the United Kingdom, the final stages of vocational legal education required to quality to practice law are carried out outside the university system. The requirements for qualification as a barrister or as a solicitor are covered in those articles. See advocate for details of the requirements for qualification as an advocate in Scotland.

See also


- List of law schools
- Law schools in the United States Category:Legal education ja:法学部

Ministry of Finance

The finance minister is a cabinet position in a government. A minister of finance (also called financial affairs, the treasury, the economy, or economic affairs) has many different jobs in a government. He or she helps form the budget, stimulate the economy, or helps control finances. Finance ministers are often found in state or provincial governments if that country has a form of federalism. Finance ministers powers can vary from governments, but not like a foreign minister. Sometimes the finance minister is the most powerful cabinet post, like in Canada or New Zealand. Other times they are unpopular posts if they must raise taxes or cut spending. In the United States, the finance minister is called the Secretary of the Treasury, though there is a separate Treasurer of the United States and it is the director of the Office of Management and Budget who drafts the budget. In the United Kingdom, the finance minister is called the Chancellor of the Exchequer. In Hong Kong it is called the Financial Secretary, though there is a Secretary for the Treasury subordinate to him.

Related articles and lists


- Australia: Treasurer of Australia (with list) - There is Finance Minister who is junior to the Treasurer.
- Canada: Minister of Finance (list)
- Denmark: Finance Minister (list)
- France: Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industry (list)
- Germany: Minister of Finance (list)
- Hong Kong: Financial Secretary (with list), Secretary for the Treasury (under Financial Secretary)
- India: Union Cabinet Minister of Finance, (list)
- Ireland: Minister for Finance (with list)
- Japan: Minister of Finance (with list)
- Mexico:Secretary of Finance
- New Zealand: Minister of Finance (with list)
- Spain: Minister of Economy and Finance
- Switzerland: Member of the Federal Council heading the "Federal Department of Finance" (with list)
- United Kingdom: Chancellor of the Exchequer (with list). Junior posts include the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, and others detailed at Secretary to the Treasury.
- United States: Secretary of the Treasury (with list) Category:Lists of ministers

House of Representatives

House of Representatives is a name used for legislative bodies in many countries. Often, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often called a 'senate'. In other countries, the House of Representatives is the sole chamber of a unicameral legislature. The functioning of a house of representatives can vary greatly from country to country, and depends on whether a country has a parliamentary or a presidential system. Members of a house of representatives are typically apportioned according to population rather than geography. "The House of Representatives" is the name of the lower house of parliament in the following countries: In the following countries it is the sole chamber in a unicameral system: In Indonesia, the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) is generally known in English as the "House of Representatives", as is the Dewan Rakyat of the Parliament of Malaysia. House of Representatives is the title of most, but not all, of the state legislatures of the States of the United States of America. Under apartheid, the House of Representatives was the house for South Africa's mixed race 'Coloured' community, in the tricameral parliament of 1984-1994.

See also


- List of national legislatures
- Chamber of Deputies
- National Assembly
- House of Commons Category:Legislatures

2004

2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. It was designated the:
- International Year of Rice (by the United Nations)
- International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO)
- 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization)
- Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in 2004 for a description of the state of the world in this year. See also Wikipedia's almanac of events for this year.

Events

January


- January 1 - Pervez Musharraf gets a vote of confidence from an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the provincial assemblies, confirming him as President of Pakistan until 2007.
- January 3 - Flash Airlines Flight 604 crashes into the Red Sea off the coast of Egypt, killing all 148 aboard.
- January 4 - Mikhail Saakashvili wins the presidential elections in Georgia.
- January 4 -NASA's MER-A (Spirit) lands on Mars.
- January 8 - Queen Elizabeth II christens the RMS Queen Mary 2 cruise liner, currently the largest ocean liner in the world.
- January 13 - An Uzbekistan Airways plane crashes in Uzbekistan's capital of Tashkent, killing 37.
- January 22 - The European Union bans the import of poultry from Thailand, as bird flu spreads throughout Southeast Asia.
- January 24 - NASA's MER-B (Opportunity) lands on Mars.
- January 27 - The British government narrowly wins a House of Commons vote on the proposed introduction of tuition top-up fees in British universities.
- January 28 - The findings of the Hutton Inquiry are published in London. The British Government is found not to have falsified information in the "sexed up dossier". The report criticises the BBC's role in the death of David Kelly, a weapons expert on Iraq.
- January 28 - At a hearing of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, it is revealed that the September 11, 2001, terrorists used Mace (a brand of tear gas) or pepper spray in overpowering the flight crew of American Airlines Flight 11.

February


- February 1 - A hajj stampede in Mina, Saudi Arabia, kills 251 pilgrims.
- February 3 - The CIA admits that there was no imminent threat from weapons of mass destruction before the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
- February 6 - A suicide bomber kills 41 people on a metro car in Moscow.
- February 7 - Several leaders of Abnaa el-Balad arrested in Israel.
- February 10 - At least 50 people killed in a car bomb attack on a police recruitment centre south of Baghdad.
- February 10 - The French National Assembly votes to pass a law banning religious items and clothing from schools.
- February 12 - Same sex marriage in the United States: The City and County of San Francisco begins issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples as an act of civil disobedience.
- February 13 - Scientists in South Korea announce the cloning of 30 human embryos.
- February 14 - Riots break out between New South Wales Police and Aboriginal residents of Redfern, a suburb of Sydney, Australia.
- February 18 - A train carrying a convoy of petrol, fertiliser, and sulfur derails and explodes in Iran, killing 320 people.
- February 20 - Conservatives win a majority in the Iranian parliament election.
- February 24 - 6.5 Richter scale earthquake in Northern Morocco hits in the Rif mountains near the city of Al Hoceima - over 400 dead. Ait Kamara is destroyed. 517 dead.
- February 25- Ash Wednesday. Also, the religious docudrama, The Passion of the Christ was released.
- February 26 - The United States lifts a ban on travel to Libya, ending travel restrictions to the nation that had lasted for 23 years.
- February 26 - Macedonian President Boris Trajkovski is killed in a plane crash near Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- February 29 - 2004 Haiti rebellion: Jean-Bertrand Aristide resigns as president of Haiti. The chief justice of the Haitian Supreme Court, Boniface Alexandre, is sworn in as interim president.
- February 29 - The film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King directed by Peter Jackson wins 11 Academy Awards in every category it was nominated.

March


- March 2 - John Kerry effectively clinches the 2004 U.S. Democratic Party presidential nomination by winning nine out of 10 "Super Tuesday" primaries and caucuses.
- March 2 - NASA announces that the Mars rover MER-B (Opportunity), has confirmed that the area of Mars they landed in was once drenched in water.
- March 10 - Five British men released from detention at Camp Delta, Guantanamo Bay land at RAF Brize Norton. Four are immediately arrested for questioning.
- March 11 - Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid kill 190 people.
- March 12 - Following the terrorist attacks in Madrid on March 11, millions of protesters take to the streets of Spanish cities against terrorism.
- March 14 - Two suicide bombers kill eleven Israeli civilians in Ashdod, Israel.
- March 14 - The Spanish parliamentary elections of 2004 take place. The incumbent government led by José María Aznar is defeated by the Socialist José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero.
- March 14 - Presidential elections in Russia are held. Vladimir Putin easily wins a second term.
- March 15 - A trio of astronomers announce they have discovered a large trans-Neptunian object, the largest object found in the solar system since Pluto was discovered in 1930. Initially designated 2003 VB12, it was named 90377 Sedna in late September.
- March 15 - The new Spanish government announces that it will withdraw Spain's 1,300 troops in Iraq.
- March 17 - Organized violence breaks out over two days in Kosovo. Nineteen people are killed, 139 Serbian homes are burned, schools and businesses are vandalized, and over 30 orthodox monasteries and churches are burned and destroyed.
- March 19 - The UN launches a corruption investigation due to the scandal over its Iraqi Oil for Food program.
- March 20 - President Chen Shui-bian wins the Taiwanese presidential election by 0.2% of the vote. The day before, he and Vice President Annette Lu were 'shot'. Lien Chan refuses to concede and demands a recount. A controversial 'peace referendum' opposed by the People's Republic of China is invalidated.
- March 21 - The 2004 Malaysian general election takes place. The incumbent Barisan Nasional party wins 198 out of 219 seats in the Malaysian Parliament.
- March 21 - Tony Saca is elected President of El Salvador (inauguration June 1).
- March 22 - Palestinians protest in the streets after an Israeli helicopter gunship fires a missile at the entourage of Ahmed Yassin in Gaza City, killing Yassin and 7 others.
- March 25 - British Prime Minister Tony Blair visits Libyan leader Colonel Muammar al-Qaddafi, in return for the dismantling of Libya's WMD programme in December 2003 - the first time a major western leader has visited the nation in several decades.
- March 28 - In France, the government of Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin suffers a stunning and unprecedented defeat in regional elections. The first ever South Atlantic Hurricane makes landfall in South Brazil on the state of Santa Catarina, the Hurricane is dubbed Hurricane Catarina.
- March 29 - The Republic of Ireland bans smoking in all enclosed work places including: restaurants, pubs and bars.
- March 29 - Largest expansion of NATO to date, allowing Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia into the organization.
- March 31 - Four American private military contractors working for Blackwater USA, are killed and their bodies mutilated after being ambushed in Fallujah, Iraq.

April


- April 1 - Faroese Prime Minister's Office announces that from then on the Prime Minister and the Prime Minister's Office would use a new version of the Faroese Coat of Arms. The colours were inspired from the Merkið (flag) and yellow/gold was added. The new Coat of Arms depicts a Ram on a blue shield ready to defend. It can be used by the Government Ministries and by Faroese embassies, but some still use older versions of the Coat of Arms. Coat of Arms
- April 3 - A bomb explosion in a Madrid flat kills a Spanish policeman and five terrorists suspected of responsibility for the Madrid train bombings on March 11.
- April 4 - Serious fighting breaks out in Najaf, Sadr City, and Basra in Iraq as Shia insurgents supporting Muqtada al-Sadr rise against coalition forces.
- April 5 - Queen Elizabeth II begins a state visit to France to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Entente Cordiale.
- April 8 - Darfur conflict: The Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by the Sudanese government and two rebel groups.
- April 8 - Three Japanese citizens are taken hostage in Iraq.
- April 8 - Former Japanese famous economist, professor at Waseda University graduate school Kazuhide Uekusa was arrested on the escalator of JR Shinagawa Station because of trying to peep under high school girl's skirt with his hand mirror.
- April 16 - India defeats