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Fauna

Fauna

Fauna, #Alla inom ett område eller en period förekommande djurarter #Alla djurindivider inom ett område #Förteckning och beskrivning av F.

Djur


- Ensidiga djur (Diploblastica)
  - Nässeldjur
  - Svampdjur, spongier.
  - Kammaneter
- Tvåsidiga djur (Triploblastica eller Bilateria)
  - Plattmaskar
  - Ringmaskar
  - Hjuldjur
  - Rundmaskar
  - Hakmaskar
  - Leddjur
  - Blötdjur
  - Tagghudingar
  - Ryggsträngsdjur Djur är flercelliga organismer vilka ingår i djurriket. De är rörliga, och är för sin överlevnad beroende av att äta andra levande eller döda organismer. Med få undantag har djur muskler, ett nervsystem, och inre hålrum i kroppen, ämnat för nedbrytning av födan. Till skillnad från växterna är djurens kroppsceller ej inneslutna i ett skal av cellulosa, och de kan inte som växterna tillgodogöra sig kolhydrater genom fotosyntes, utan är beroende av att detta tillförs genom att äta andra organismer med energiinnehåll. Djuren tros ha utvecklats under prekambrium ur flagellater, en grupp inom protisterna.

Alternativ I

Djurriket indelas i stammar eller fyla (singularis: fylum):
- Ensidiga djur, kallas Diploblastica
  - Nässeldjur (Cnidaria) (koraller, maneter m.fl.)
  - Svampdjur, spongier. (Porifera)
  - Kammaneter (Ctenophora)
- Tvåsidiga djur, kallas Triploblastica eller (Bilateria)
  - Plattmaskar (Platyhelminthes) (binnikemaskar m.fl.)
  - Ringmaskar (Annelida)
  - Aschelminthes/ Nemathelminthes (Hjuldjur, Rundmaskar och Hakmaskar)
  - Leddjur (Arthropoda) (spindlar och kräftdjur)
  - Blötdjur (Mollusca) (musslor m.fl.)
  - Tagghudingar (Echinodermata) (sjöstjärnor m.fl.)
  - Ryggsträngsdjur Chordata (Ryggradsdjur, dvs alla "högre" djur)

Alternativ II

Alternativ III

[http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Bilateria&contgroup=Animals Tree of Life web project: Bilateria (Triploblasts)]:
- Djur Metazoa
  - Tvåsidiga djur, kallas Triploblastica eller (Bilateria)
    - Deuterostomia
      - Tagghudingar Echinodermata
      - Ollonmaskar Hermichordata
      - Ryggsträngsdjur Chordata (Däggdjur...)
    - Ecdysozoa
      - Leddjur Arthropoda
      - Klomaskar Onychophora
      - Björndjur Tardigradia
      - Rundmaskar Nematoda
      - Tagelmaskar Nematomorpha
      - Kinorhyncha
      - Korsettdjur Loricifera
      - Priapulida
    - ?-Plattmaskar Platyhelminthes
    - ?-Pilmaskar Chaetognatha
    - ?-Bukhårsdjur Gastrotricha
    - ?-Hjuldjur Rotifera
    - ?-Gnathostomulida
    - ?-Micrognathozoa
    - ?-Cycliophora
    - ?-Mesozoa
    - Lophotrochozoa
      - Ringmaskar Annelida
      - Stjärnmaskar Sipuncula
      - Blötdjur Mollusca (bläckfisk....)
      - Snörmaskar Nemertea
      - Mossdjur Bryozoa
      - Bägardjur Entoprocta
      - Hästskomaskar Phoronida
      - Armfotingar Brachiopoda
  - Myxozoa
  - Nässeldjur Cnidaria
    - Hydror Hydrozoa
    - Maneter Scyphozoa
    - Koraller Anthozoa
  - Kammaneter Ctenophora
  - Placozoa
  - Svampdjur Porifera

Externa länkar


- Google: [http://directory.google.com/Top/Kids_and_Teens/Entertainment/Television/Animals/ Animals]
- [http://animal.discovery.com/ Discovery: Animal planet]
- [http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Bilateria&contgroup=Animals Tree of Life web project: Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships] Citat: "...Due to new evidence from developmental biology and molecular phylogenetics, ideas about bilaterian relationships have undergone a major paradigm shift within the last decade. The new hypotheses shown in the tree above are now widely accepted, but there are also many sceptics who emphasize the pitfalls and inconsistencies associated with the new data. One of the most prominent alternative views based on morphological evidence is championed by Nielsen (2001)..."
- Google: [http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Biology/Genetics/Eukaryotic/Animal/ Animal] Kategori:Systematik ja:動物 ko:동물 ms:Haiwan simple:Animal th:สัตว์ zh-min-nan:Tōng-bu̍t

Maruchan

Maruchan (マルちゃん) is a brand of popular ramen noodles. It comes in many flavours, such as chicken, shrimp, roast chicken, curry chicken, beef, roast beef, and vegetable. It can be found in a packaged form to be cooked on a stove, or in a cup to which boiled water is added. Maruchan is easily the most familiar brand of ramen in America. Indeed, most Americans will think of ramen as the packaged instant noodle soup. However, in Japan, ramen is usually a fresh dish sold as fast food, often in train stations and at roadside stands.

Preparation

To prepare the packaged Maruchan noodles... 1. Bring 2 cups of water to a boil in a small pan. 2. Add noodles, stir frequently for three minutes. 3. Add any other things in the ramen, such as meat, vegetables, etc. 4. Turn off heat, add seasoning packet, and serve Alternately, one may add the seasoning packet to the water to hasten boiling, and to add the flavor to the noodles while they cook. Packaged Maruchan noodles can also be prepared in a microwave oven... 1. Pour 2 cups of water into a microwave-safe bowl. 2. Add noodles and cook on High for three minutes. This time is for an 1100 Watt microwave, so time may vary. 3. Stir in contents of seasoning packet and serve. For best results, use fork or chopsticks to spread noodles apart before seasoning. For cup ramen... 1. Bring water to a boil 2. Add water to cup until it covers the noodles 3. Let stand for three minutes, enjoy! Note: On occasion, the water is added before being boiled and heated in a microwave. It has also become popular to drain the water, season the noodles, and than serve for a stronger taste. Category:Noodles

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